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This research is focused on a methodology created to analyse imprecise information, that is full of attributes defined as "rough set". The methodology will be then applied to the real estate appraisal question, representing a further possible method of evaluation. Up to now the main approaches to the real estate appraisal have been income, market and cost. My intention is to analyse this theory showing a practical application on a group of real estate transactions made by a real estate agent. This application will show how it is possible to get values to classify a real estate. A comparison between this method and the most common statistics instruments will be highlighted.

This book discusses the role of the property market cycle in real estate valuation. Challenging traditional property valuation methods that rely on current market conditions and economic trends, this book argues for a re-evaluation of the relationship between property valuation and cycles in property markets. The book is divided into two parts. The first part gathers research on property market cycle analysis and the delicate problems dealing with property market information including the development of the real estate market index, appraisal bias, and the use of time series in plotting the market cycle. The second part proposes several possible modifications to the traditional income approach methodologies, including cyclical capitalization and the hedonic price method. Furthermore, this part also addresses the need for amendments to current s property valuation standards and institutional regulations. Written by an international cross-section of expert voices in market cycles and property valuation, the book is a comprehensive resource for any researcher or upper-level student studying economic volatility.

"This book addresses several problems related to automated valuation methodologies (AVM). Following the non-agency mortgage crisis, it offers a variety of approaches to improve the efficiency and quality of an automated valuation methodology (AVM) dealing with emerging problems and different contexts. Spatial issue, evolution of AVM standards, multilevel models, fuzzy and rough set applications and quantitative methods to define comparables are just some of the topics discussed"--Provided by publisher.

4 Automated Valuation in the Dutch Housing Market: The Web-Application 'MarktPositie'1 Used by NVM-Realtors Dree Op 't Veld, Emma Bijlsma and Paulien van de Hoef5 Using Fuzzy Numbers in Mass Appraisal: The Case of the Belarusian Property Market Maurizio d'Amato and Nikolai Siniak; Part II Current Advanced Methods; 6 Mass Appraisal, Hedonic Price Modelling and Urban Externalities: Understanding Property Value Shaping Processes François Des Rosiers and Marius Thériault; 7 R.

[EN] Giovanni Battista Antonelli before his arrival in Spain in 1559, being in his thirties, had spent the first part of his life in his native country, Italy. The present research concentrates on this territory and those years: a context of wars, captains, architects, theorists and treatises, many known and less known personalities who influenced Antonelli military engineering education. More detailed information appear in Italian archives about Giovan Francesco Guidi di Bagno and Antonelli: the first, Count of Montebello, was an important mercenary captain for the more powerful personalities, while the second was, at that time, at his service. Fiduciary and family relationships interlinked around the Count Guidi and others eminent personalities such as Giovanni Battista Belluzzi called "Sanmarino", Cosimo I Medici up to Juan Manrique de Lara and Vespasiano Gonzaga Colonna, to mention the main ones. This investigation tries to shed light on the first part of Antonelli learning, as he took part to the War between Florence and Siena and in the Naples Kingdom. He subsequently left for Flanders with the Spanish army and reaching eventually Spain. During Felipe II Reign, after having written the Epitomi, he started the well known career of Antonelli family as military engineers. It was especially Battista, the younger brother, one of the main representatives in the history of military engineering, especially between the 16th and 17th centuries. ; Useli, G.; D'amato, M. (2015). La formazione di Giovanni Battista Antonelli: note storiche e contesto sociale prima del suo arrivo in Spagna. En Defensive architecture of the mediterranean: XV to XVIII centuries. Vol. I. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 183-190. https://doi.org/10.4995/FORTMED2015.2015.1692 ; OCS ; 183 ; 190

There is not a single definition/explanation about market-orientation education. Two opposite definitions/explanations of pure market-oriented education (Cato, 2010) and social-market-oriented education (Amaratunga, 2009) are provided in the paper. Integrated multiple criteria analysis at the micro-, meso- and macro-levels are needed to increase efficiency of the market-oriented higher education reforms. Market-oriented higher education reforms management involves numerous aspects that should be considered in addition to making educational, pedagogical, didactical, economic, political and legal/regulatory decisions. These must include social, culture, ethical, psychological, environmental, technological, technical, organizational and managerial aspects. This article presents a Life Cycle Process Model of a Market-Oriented and Student Centered Higher Education (developed during BELL-CURVE (Built Environment Lifelong Learning Challenging University Responses to Vocational Education) project's activities) for such considerations and discusses certain composite parts of it. To demonstrate the application of this research, two Case Studies from Lithuania are submitted for consideration.