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This book vividly describes family care in HIV/AIDS through the lived experiences of caregivers and care receivers. It contributes to our knowledge not only because of the contemporary relevance of family caregiving, but also because of its focus on HIV/AIDS which, being a relatively new disease, is little understood yet poses unique challenges due to its stigmatising, long-drawn, debilitating and terminal nature. Based on a study conducted in Mumbai, Family Care in HIV/AIDS captures the lived experiences of 10 caregivers and seven care receivers belonging to diverse socio-economic groups and

Social support is an important buffer for family caregivers of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHIV/AIDS). With limited formal support options, these caregivers have to rely increasingly on informal networks. Yet, accessing this avenue is also fraught with difficulty due to the stigmatising nature of HIV infection. Research in this area is not just not sparse, but focusses largely on sources of support and the circumscribing effects of stigma. To further our understanding, a qualitative study was conducted using various concepts from social support theory. Twelve family caregivers in Mumbai, India, were interviewed, using the in-depth interview method. An iterative, thematic analysis was done through which themes and major themes were identified. Major themes included sources of support, types of support received, spontaneous support, soliciting support, caregivers' perceptions of support experiences and reciprocity. The findings raised several issues for intervention.

Though the continuum of care model has been adopted in HIV/AIDS intervention, there is little empirical work documenting the experiences of caregiving families. Addressing this gap, a study on family caregiving and care receiving was undertaken in Mumbai, India. In-depth interviews were conducted with seven seropositive caregivers, seven seropositive care receivers and five seronegative caregivers. Thematic analysis of the data was conducted, yielding a number of key themes. This paper discusses the key theme of the family context of care which includes the caregiving system, family values, perceived mode of infection, gender of the seropositive person, and class. Implications of the findings for policy and program planning are discussed.

Drawing on a study rooted in van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenology, conducted with agents working in international - facing call centers in Mumbai and Bangalore, India, this paper describes employee resistance to depersonalized bullying. Data were gathered through conversational interviews and subjected to selective and sententious thematic analyses. The theme of 'breathers, releases, outlets and pauses' captures both the various behaviours that participants engaged in to gain respite from and to acquire control over their oppressive work environment and the factors that determine their behaviours, namely, their professional identity and their job - related material gains. The findings not only further our understanding of the nascent concept of depersonalized bullying but also retheorize power dynamics in the context of workplace bullying.

This article examines the effects of HIV concordance and discordance on marital life. In-depth interviews were conducted with seven couples from Mumbai, India. Thematic analysis of their narratives indicated the influence of HIV concordance and discordance on the spousal relationship, sexual functioning, family formation, care and support, and the future of the family. French Cet article examine les effets de la concordance et de la discordance du VIH sur la vie maritale. Sept couples de Mumbai en Inde ont participé à des entrevues en profondeur. Une analyse thématique de leurs discours révèle l'influence de la concordance et de la discordance du VIH sur les relations conjugales, sur le fonctionnement sexuel, sur la formation de la famille, sur les soins et le soutien et sur l'avenir de la famille. Spanish En este artículo se examinan los efectos de la concordancia y discordancia sobre los efectos del VIH en la vida marital. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad con siete parejas de Mumbai, India. El análisis temático de sus narrativas indicó la influencia de la concordancia y discordancia de la influencia del VIH en las relaciones de pareja, el funcionamiento sexual, la formación familiar, el cuidado y apoyo, y el futuro de la familia.

A study examining the impact of HIV/AlDS on nuclear households was undertaken in Mumbai, India. Data were collected through in-depth, individual interviews with both spouses in 7 households, the households being selected through purposive sampling. Qualitative analysis was done, through which core themes, major themes, and sub-themes and their linkages were identified. The experiences of wives, some of whom were seropositive, emerged as a significant component of the findings. Moments of truth emerged as the organizing/core theme around which these experiences could be understood. The major themes included hearing the seropositive diagnosis, redefining the marital relationship, being in charge, becoming a caregiver, facing the extended family, planning the future and discovering hidden strengths. Besides bringing out the complexity of the womens' experiences, the findings stressed the need and urgency for gender-sensitive intervention programmes.

A qualitative study undertaken in Mumbai, India, explored the family experience of HIV/AIDS. Seven nuclear households (4 with concordant couples in which both spouses in the marriage were seropositive, and 3 with discordant couples in which only one spouse was seropositive) included in the study reported devastating impacts in various spheres of family life, following the onset and the progress of HIV-related illness, and the knowledge of the seropositive diagnosis. Complex changes were observed in family composition, spousal relationships, family formation, family roles and responsibilities, family economy, quality of life, and family aspirations. The findings have direct implications for policy formulation, program planning, and service delivery in the field of HIV/AIDS.

Who cares for the elderly and infirm in families? Increasingly in both East and West, it is the families themselves and in particular the female members. What are the stresses and rewards of such care-taking and what are the economic consequences for society? These and other questions related to the role of caregiver are studied.

This book showcases issues of work and employment in contemporary India through a critical lens, serving as a systematic, scholarly and rigorous resource which provides an alternate view to the glowing metanarrative of the subcontinent's ongoing economic growth in today's globalized world. Critical approaches ensure that divergent and marginalized voices are highlighted, promoting a more measured perspective of entrenched standpoints. In casting social reality differently, a quest for solutions that reshape current dynamics is triggered. The volume spans five thematic areas, subsuming a range of economic sectors. India is a pre-eminent destination for offshoring, underscoring the relevance of global production networks (Theme 1). Yet, the creation of jobs has not transformed employment patterns in the country but rather accentuated informalization and casualization (Theme 2). Indeed, even India's ICT-related sectors, perceived as mascots of modernity and vehicles for upward mobility, raise questions about the extent of social upgrading (Theme 3). Nonetheless, these various developments have not been accompanied by collective action--instead; there is growing evidence of diminished pluralistic employment relations strategies (Theme 4). Emergent concerns about work and employment such as gestational surrogacy and expatriate experiences attest to the evolving complexities associated with offshoring (Theme 5).

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to report a study of bullying on online labour markets (OLMs), highlighting how abuse unfolds in digital workplaces and depicting the trajectory of target resilience.


Design/methodology/approach
Adopting van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenology, targets' lived experiences of bullying on OLMs was explored. Data gathered from Indian freelancers located on Upwork via conversational telephonic interviews were subjected to sententious and selective thematic analyses.


Findings
The core theme of "pursuing long-term and holistic well-being" showed how targets tapped into yet augmented their resilience while navigating the features of OLMs as they coped with their experiences of bullying. The interface between targets' internal and external resources, including platform support, vis-à-vis the concreteness and permanence of the site as targets asserted agency, sought control and realized positive outcomes while preserving their reputation, relationality, success and continuity was captured. It may be noted that bullying in digital workplaces is exclusively virtual in form.


Research limitations/implications
Alongside theoretical generalizability, statistical generalizability of the findings should be established.


Practical implications
Recommendations for action for platforms and targets are forwarded. In particular, the critical role of formal workplace support in influencing employee resilience is emphasized.


Originality/value
The paper makes several pioneering contributions. First, it reports the first empirical inquiry examining bullying in digital workplaces. Moreover, OLM research on abuse and harassment has not been undertaken so far. Second, it furthers theorization of resilience, especially with regard to workplace antecedents. Apart from identifying the new organizational antecedent of formal workplace support, it uncovers the complexities of resilience. Third, it extends knowledge on workplace cyberbullying, positive outcomes of workplace bullying and OLMs in India.

Based on a study rooted in van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenology, conducted with agents working in international facing call centers in Mumbai and Bangalore, India, this paper describes targets' identity work in the context of workplace bullying. Data were gathered through conversational interviews and were subject to sententious and selective thematic analyses. The core theme of "clarifying my world" captures participants' attempt to reconstruct their identity following the emergence of identity disruptions stemming from the experience of being bullied. Major themes which include building personal security and insulation, recreating equilibrium, maintaining dignity and poise, re-establishing ontological foundations and seeking continuity in one's evolution, represent the goals of identity work which address specific dimensions of identity disruptions. The findings highlight the long-term effects of workplace bullying on targets and targets' attempts to restore their well - being.

This paper presents the findings of a phenomenological study, which describes the experiences of human resource (HR) managers implementing a downsizing programme in a steel manufacturing organisation in India. Data were collected through conversational interviews. Following van Manens sententious analytic approach, the core theme of a necessary evil, emerged, which indicates that while participants were pained by their task of having to terminate workers and deprive them of their livelihood, they believed that they had no choice in the matter if they had to ensure the competitive position of the organisation and their own survival as employees. The findings of the inquiry provide insights into a virtually unstudied area and raise questions about the role of HR managers in contemporary organisations.

Though outsourcing has created enormous employment potential in India's information technology enabled services/business process outsourcing (ITES/BPO) sector, the implications for employees remain to be understood. The present paper describes employee experiences in telemarketing outbound call centers in Bangalore and Mumbai, India. Following van Manen's (1998) hermeneutic phenomenological approach, data were collected through unstructured conversational interviews with 18 telemarketing agents identified vi a snowball sampling and were subject to holistic and sententious thematic analyses. Reconciling dichotomous experiences at work was the label used to capture participants' core experiences and indicated that while participants' simultaneous positive and negative experiences contributed to a sense of concomitant stress and well-being, they employed various strategies to maintain a balance between positive experiences/well-being and negative experiences/stress.