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In this article, we analyse Emperor Julian's search for imperial models in the past in his work The Caesars. First, we discuss some formal aspects of the text and we summarize it. Then, we study the image Julian gives of three of the five emperors selected for the contest in which the gods would choose the best of the Caesars, focusing on the importance of the values these emperors represent for Julian's political project and for the elites which were probably the intended audience of this speech. Finally, we consider the meaning of the text and the meaning of these models for Julian. ; En este artículo analizamos la búsqueda de modelos imperiales en el pasado por parte del emperador Juliano en su obra Los Césares. En primer lugar, comentamos algunos aspectos formales del texto y lo resumimos. Después estudiamos la imagen que da Juliano de tres de los cinco emperadores escogidos para el certamen en el que los dioses elegirían al mejor de los Césares basándonos en la importancia de los valores que encarnan los tres para el proyecto político de Juliano. Por último, analizamos el sentido de la obra y el significado de esos modelos para Juliano. In this article, we analyse Emperor Julian's search for imperial models in the past in his work The Caesars. First, we discuss some formal aspects of the text and we summarize it. Then, we study the image Julian gives of three of the five emperors selected for the contest in which the gods would choose the best of the Caesars, focusing on the importance of the values these emperors represent for Julian's political project and for the elites which were probably the intended audience of this speech. Finally, we consider the meaning of the text and the meaning of these models for Julian.

This work offers a comparative analysis of the late antique schools in the Roman West and East concerning their functioning, structure, fields of study and features of their leaders, as well as the academic and political networks in which they operated. Special attention is paid to the particular cases of the emperor Julian in the East and to the Hispanic bishop Priscillian in the West, both of them educated according to the canons of classical paideia. ; En el presente trabajo se realiza un análisis comparativo de las escuelas filosóficas tardoantiguas en Oriente y Occidente en su funcionamiento, organización, materias de estudio y las características de sus líderes, así como de las redes académicas y políticas en las que se desenvolvieron. Se estudian los casos particulares del emperador Juliano en el contexto oriental y del obispo hispano Prisciliano en el occidental, ambos formados dentro de los cánones de la paideia clásica.