Suchergebnisse

Lithuania is running an ecological deficit as its Ecological Footprint exceeds its biocapacity. Despite the fact that this deficit is small (0.4 gha), Lithuania is the only country with an ecological deficit among Baltic countries. Lithuania is losing the image of "green country" and there are the reasons behind this state. Agriculture's role is essential, both in adaptation to the climate change and contribution to the mitigation efforts. Strategic plan for the next long-term EU budget 2021–2027 will be drawn by Lithuania under the EU Common Agricultural Policy strategic plan (COM (2018) 392) towards the transition to a more sustainable farming. The environmental performance of farming is linked to three of nine main objectives: "Contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation, as well as sustainable energy"; "Foster sustainable development and efficient management of natural resources such as water, soil and air" and "Contribute to the protection of biodiversity, enhance ecosystem services and preserve habitats and landscapes". The environmental performance of agriculture is manifold, therefore to capture important aspects of farm environmental performance a list of criteria and indicators have been proposed to reveal the situation in the country. Having many indicators, there is a problem to view the main picture of environmental performance and to track the environmental changes influenced by policy. Alongside to that, most indicators enable the analysis at sector level, which limits to disclose problems within farm groups in terms of specialization and size. Farmers adopt new technologies and practices to deal with climate change, protect and preserve the environment, therefore it is important to determine how and how well farmers mitigate and adapt to climate change. Developing the Agri-environmental Footprint Index (AFI) of family farm addresses the need to assess the farm-scale environmental performance. The AFI methodology is based on index construction steps in combination with the primary data of Lithuanian FADN, to reveal differences across farms in terms of their specialization and economic size and to test whether it could be used routinely for policy purposes. Lithuanian FADN of family farms data of the year 2017 were used covering 1300 farms. Furthermore, in this paper the AFI values are reported on the basis of the weighting used in the Lithuanian FADN sample for Lithuanian family farms so that the surveyed farms results represent a national farming population. The final set of indicators for agrienvironmental assessment of the farms was derived from extensive literature review on farms' environmental and sustainability studies. The min–max method was applied to transform values of indicators expressed in variety dimensions for their need to be put on a common basis, namely in interval from 0 to 1. The Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and equal weighting was applied to estimate weights for the indicators. The thresholds values of farms' AFI intervals indicating low, medium and high environmental performance were estimated based on descriptive statistics. The findings of assessment indicates very good level of Lithuanian family farms environmental performance as 74% and 70% of the 44 sample farms were defined by medium level of AFI, using PCA and equal weighting, respectively. With respect to applied methods of weighting, the results differed within farm groups in terms of their specialization: the highest level of AFI was found for grazing livestock and for field crop farms, using PCA and equal weighting, respectively. At the other end of spectrum, the lowest values of AFI were found for specialist granivores farms regardless of the weighing method being applied. The highest AFI values within farm groups regarding their economic size were found for medium sized farms despite the weighting method used. The index structure is flexible and can respond to diverse local policy needs. The results of the AFI provide a new knowledge about farms environmental performance, disclose problems across farm groups and can be the basis for political decisions that lead to sustainable development of agricultural sector in Lithuania.

Lithuania is running an ecological deficit as its Ecological Footprint exceeds its biocapacity. Despite the fact that this deficit is small (0.4 gha), Lithuania is the only country with an ecological deficit among Baltic countries. Lithuania is losing the image of "green country" and there are the reasons behind this state. Agriculture's role is essential, both in adaptation to the climate change and contribution to the mitigation efforts. Strategic plan for the next long-term EU budget 2021–2027 will be drawn by Lithuania under the EU Common Agricultural Policy strategic plan (COM (2018) 392) towards the transition to a more sustainable farming. The environmental performance of farming is linked to three of nine main objectives: "Contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation, as well as sustainable energy"; "Foster sustainable development and efficient management of natural resources such as water, soil and air" and "Contribute to the protection of biodiversity, enhance ecosystem services and preserve habitats and landscapes". The environmental performance of agriculture is manifold, therefore to capture important aspects of farm environmental performance a list of criteria and indicators have been proposed to reveal the situation in the country. Having many indicators, there is a problem to view the main picture of environmental performance and to track the environmental changes influenced by policy. Alongside to that, most indicators enable the analysis at sector level, which limits to disclose problems within farm groups in terms of specialization and size. Farmers adopt new technologies and practices to deal with climate change, protect and preserve the environment, therefore it is important to determine how and how well farmers mitigate and adapt to climate change. Developing the Agri-environmental Footprint Index (AFI) of family farm addresses the need to assess the farm-scale environmental performance. The AFI methodology is based on index construction steps in combination with the primary data of Lithuanian FADN, to reveal differences across farms in terms of their specialization and economic size and to test whether it could be used routinely for policy purposes. Lithuanian FADN of family farms data of the year 2017 were used covering 1300 farms. Furthermore, in this paper the AFI values are reported on the basis of the weighting used in the Lithuanian FADN sample for Lithuanian family farms so that the surveyed farms results represent a national farming population. The final set of indicators for agrienvironmental assessment of the farms was derived from extensive literature review on farms' environmental and sustainability studies. The min–max method was applied to transform values of indicators expressed in variety dimensions for their need to be put on a common basis, namely in interval from 0 to 1. The Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and equal weighting was applied to estimate weights for the indicators. The thresholds values of farms' AFI intervals indicating low, medium and high environmental performance were estimated based on descriptive statistics. The findings of assessment indicates very good level of Lithuanian family farms environmental performance as 74% and 70% of the 44 sample farms were defined by medium level of AFI, using PCA and equal weighting, respectively. With respect to applied methods of weighting, the results differed within farm groups in terms of their specialization: the highest level of AFI was found for grazing livestock and for field crop farms, using PCA and equal weighting, respectively. At the other end of spectrum, the lowest values of AFI were found for specialist granivores farms regardless of the weighing method being applied. The highest AFI values within farm groups regarding their economic size were found for medium sized farms despite the weighting method used. The index structure is flexible and can respond to diverse local policy needs. The results of the AFI provide a new knowledge about farms environmental performance, disclose problems across farm groups and can be the basis for political decisions that lead to sustainable development of agricultural sector in Lithuania.

The aim of this paper is to disclose the main changes and trends of Lithuanian grain production. Using quantitative statistical methods, the paper proposes an economic analysis of grain production changes in the period 2004-2015. This analysis revealed that the importance of grain sector in terms of the share of gross agricultural output has increased in Lithuania. Over the analysed period the yielding capacity of grain and the area under crops went on increasing. These in turn lead to an increase of the usable production by 2.2 times, the beginning stocks by 54% and self-sufficiency level reached 318%. In 2015 just 31% of the usable production has been used for domestic needs, as compare to 2004, decreased by more than 50 percentage points. Over the period exports of grain increased significantly by 6.2 times. This confirmed the improved competitiveness of the grain sector. The Common Agricultural Policy direct payment scheme was favourable to grain farms, as the farm net income per family work unit gained by family farms specialist in cereals, oilseeds and protein crops was even by 2.0 times higher than the average in all farms. In order to ensure the income these farms need to use internal or/and external risk management measures.

The aim of this paper is to disclose the main changes and trends of Lithuanian grain production. Using quantitative statistical methods, the paper proposes an economic analysis of grain production changes in the period 2004-2015. This analysis revealed that the importance of grain sector in terms of the share of gross agricultural output has increased in Lithuania. Over the analysed period the yielding capacity of grain and the area under crops went on increasing. These in turn lead to an increase of the usable production by 2.2 times, the beginning stocks by 54% and self-sufficiency level reached 318%. In 2015 just 31% of the usable production has been used for domestic needs, as compare to 2004, decreased by more than 50 percentage points. Over the period exports of grain increased significantly by 6.2 times. This confirmed the improved competitiveness of the grain sector. The Common Agricultural Policy direct payment scheme was favourable to grain farms, as the farm net income per family work unit gained by family farms specialist in cereals, oilseeds and protein crops was even by 2.0 times higher than the average in all farms. In order to ensure the income these farms need to use internal or/and external risk management measures.

The aim of this paper is to disclose the main changes and trends of Lithuanian grain production. Using quantitative statistical methods, the paper proposes an economic analysis of grain production changes in the period 2004-2015. This analysis revealed that the importance of grain sector in terms of the share of gross agricultural output has increased in Lithuania. Over the analysed period the yielding capacity of grain and the area under crops went on increasing. These in turn lead to an increase of the usable production by 2.2 times, the beginning stocks by 54% and self-sufficiency level reached 318%. In 2015 just 31% of the usable production has been used for domestic needs, as compare to 2004, decreased by more than 50 percentage points. Over the period exports of grain increased significantly by 6.2 times. This confirmed the improved competitiveness of the grain sector. The Common Agricultural Policy direct payment scheme was favourable to grain farms, as the farm net income per family work unit gained by family farms specialist in cereals, oilseeds and protein crops was even by 2.0 times higher than the average in all farms. In order to ensure the income these farms need to use internal or/and external risk management measures.

The aim of this paper is to disclose the main changes and trends of Lithuanian grain production. Using quantitative statistical methods, the paper proposes an economic analysis of grain production changes in the period 2004-2015. This analysis revealed that the importance of grain sector in terms of the share of gross agricultural output has increased in Lithuania. Over the analysed period the yielding capacity of grain and the area under crops went on increasing. These in turn lead to an increase of the usable production by 2.2 times, the beginning stocks by 54% and self-sufficiency level reached 318%. In 2015 just 31% of the usable production has been used for domestic needs, as compare to 2004, decreased by more than 50 percentage points. Over the period exports of grain increased significantly by 6.2 times. This confirmed the improved competitiveness of the grain sector. The Common Agricultural Policy direct payment scheme was favourable to grain farms, as the farm net income per family work unit gained by family farms specialist in cereals, oilseeds and protein crops was even by 2.0 times higher than the average in all farms. In order to ensure the income these farms need to use internal or/and external risk management measures.

Chapter 1: Introduction and Key Findings -- Chapter 2; Sustainability of Agriculture: Energy Use and Climate Change Mitigation Issues -- Chapter 3: Modelling Production Technology for Development of Agricultural Sector -- Chapter 4: Structural Dynamics in Agriculture -- Chapter 5: Footprint of Agriculture.

The Lithuanian Institute of Agrarian Economics (LIAE) presents the twentieth jubilee edition of the annual publication "Agricultural and Food Sector in Lithuania 2018". In the course of two decades the publication has attracted a broad circle of readers. Informative material contained here might be useful for agricultural specialists and scientists, farmers and entrepreneurs, lecturers and students. Quite a number of ministries of the Republic of Lithuania, embassies and other state institutions make reference to this publication. The publication provides material highlighting Lithuania's achievements in agriculture and food industry and their determinant factors, national agricultural and food product manufacture and sales on domestic and foreign markets, as well as changes in the economic and production performance of agricultural and food sector farms and enterprises. Great relevance of the publication is owing to the exclusive competitive priorities of Lithuanian agriculture in the context of the European Union (EU) member states, the issues and challenges advanced, while meeting the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) programming period for 2021–2027. This is the basis in discussing the Lithuanian agricultural programming objectives, tasks and types of intervention measures. The publication provides mainly the five-year period variations in the agricultural and food sector development indices, focusing special attention on the 2018 outcomes. Pursuing to retain the opportunity for comparing the key indices and their tendencies, data in all surveys is provided following the single methodology and structure. The publication has been prepared according to the statistical information from the Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania (Statistics Lithuania), Eurostat, European Commission (EC), the Agricultural Information and Rural Business Centre (AIRBC), the National Paying Agency (NPA), the Public Enterprise "Ekoagros" and the LIAE research results (Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN), Economic Accounts for Agriculture, etc.). As in any previous year, some provisional statistical data for the year 2018 have been used. Final economic and financial outcomes will be elucidated in the later publications of Statistics Lithuania and in the next-year LIAE survey. Our sincere gratitude goes to the executives and staff members of the afore-mentioned institutions for expeditious provision of statistical information and advice. The annual publication "Agricultural and Food Sector in Lithuania 2018" is funded by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Lithuania. The authors of the publication believe that this material will be useful for all interested in Lithuanian agricultural and food sector topicalities and welcome any feedback from you, dear readers.

The Lithuanian Institute of Agrarian Economics (LIAE) presents the twentieth jubilee edition of the annual publication "Agricultural and Food Sector in Lithuania 2018". In the course of two decades the publication has attracted a broad circle of readers. Informative material contained here might be useful for agricultural specialists and scientists, farmers and entrepreneurs, lecturers and students. Quite a number of ministries of the Republic of Lithuania, embassies and other state institutions make reference to this publication. The publication provides material highlighting Lithuania's achievements in agriculture and food industry and their determinant factors, national agricultural and food product manufacture and sales on domestic and foreign markets, as well as changes in the economic and production performance of agricultural and food sector farms and enterprises. Great relevance of the publication is owing to the exclusive competitive priorities of Lithuanian agriculture in the context of the European Union (EU) member states, the issues and challenges advanced, while meeting the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) programming period for 2021–2027. This is the basis in discussing the Lithuanian agricultural programming objectives, tasks and types of intervention measures. The publication provides mainly the five-year period variations in the agricultural and food sector development indices, focusing special attention on the 2018 outcomes. Pursuing to retain the opportunity for comparing the key indices and their tendencies, data in all surveys is provided following the single methodology and structure. The publication has been prepared according to the statistical information from the Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania (Statistics Lithuania), Eurostat, European Commission (EC), the Agricultural Information and Rural Business Centre (AIRBC), the National Paying Agency (NPA), the Public Enterprise "Ekoagros" and the LIAE research results (Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN), Economic Accounts for Agriculture, etc.). As in any previous year, some provisional statistical data for the year 2018 have been used. Final economic and financial outcomes will be elucidated in the later publications of Statistics Lithuania and in the next-year LIAE survey. Our sincere gratitude goes to the executives and staff members of the afore-mentioned institutions for expeditious provision of statistical information and advice. The annual publication "Agricultural and Food Sector in Lithuania 2018" is funded by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Lithuania. The authors of the publication believe that this material will be useful for all interested in Lithuanian agricultural and food sector topicalities and welcome any feedback from you, dear readers.

The Lithuanian Institute of Agrarian Economics (LIAE) presents the twentieth jubilee edition of the annual publication "Agricultural and Food Sector in Lithuania 2018". In the course of two decades the publication has attracted a broad circle of readers. Informative material contained here might be useful for agricultural specialists and scientists, farmers and entrepreneurs, lecturers and students. Quite a number of ministries of the Republic of Lithuania, embassies and other state institutions make reference to this publication. The publication provides material highlighting Lithuania's achievements in agriculture and food industry and their determinant factors, national agricultural and food product manufacture and sales on domestic and foreign markets, as well as changes in the economic and production performance of agricultural and food sector farms and enterprises. Great relevance of the publication is owing to the exclusive competitive priorities of Lithuanian agriculture in the context of the European Union (EU) member states, the issues and challenges advanced, while meeting the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) programming period for 2021–2027. This is the basis in discussing the Lithuanian agricultural programming objectives, tasks and types of intervention measures. The publication provides mainly the five-year period variations in the agricultural and food sector development indices, focusing special attention on the 2018 outcomes. Pursuing to retain the opportunity for comparing the key indices and their tendencies, data in all surveys is provided following the single methodology and structure. The publication has been prepared according to the statistical information from the Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania (Statistics Lithuania), Eurostat, European Commission (EC), the Agricultural Information and Rural Business Centre (AIRBC), the National Paying Agency (NPA), the Public Enterprise "Ekoagros" and the LIAE research results (Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN), Economic Accounts for Agriculture, etc.). As in any previous year, some provisional statistical data for the year 2018 have been used. Final economic and financial outcomes will be elucidated in the later publications of Statistics Lithuania and in the next-year LIAE survey. Our sincere gratitude goes to the executives and staff members of the afore-mentioned institutions for expeditious provision of statistical information and advice. The annual publication "Agricultural and Food Sector in Lithuania 2018" is funded by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Lithuania. The authors of the publication believe that this material will be useful for all interested in Lithuanian agricultural and food sector topicalities and welcome any feedback from you, dear readers.

The Lithuanian Institute of Agrarian Economics (LIAE) presents the twentieth jubilee edition of the annual publication "Agricultural and Food Sector in Lithuania 2018". In the course of two decades the publication has attracted a broad circle of readers. Informative material contained here might be useful for agricultural specialists and scientists, farmers and entrepreneurs, lecturers and students. Quite a number of ministries of the Republic of Lithuania, embassies and other state institutions make reference to this publication. The publication provides material highlighting Lithuania's achievements in agriculture and food industry and their determinant factors, national agricultural and food product manufacture and sales on domestic and foreign markets, as well as changes in the economic and production performance of agricultural and food sector farms and enterprises. Great relevance of the publication is owing to the exclusive competitive priorities of Lithuanian agriculture in the context of the European Union (EU) member states, the issues and challenges advanced, while meeting the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) programming period for 2021–2027. This is the basis in discussing the Lithuanian agricultural programming objectives, tasks and types of intervention measures. The publication provides mainly the five-year period variations in the agricultural and food sector development indices, focusing special attention on the 2018 outcomes. Pursuing to retain the opportunity for comparing the key indices and their tendencies, data in all surveys is provided following the single methodology and structure. The publication has been prepared according to the statistical information from the Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania (Statistics Lithuania), Eurostat, European Commission (EC), the Agricultural Information and Rural Business Centre (AIRBC), the National Paying Agency (NPA), the Public Enterprise "Ekoagros" and the LIAE research results (Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN), Economic Accounts for Agriculture, etc.). As in any previous year, some provisional statistical data for the year 2018 have been used. Final economic and financial outcomes will be elucidated in the later publications of Statistics Lithuania and in the next-year LIAE survey. Our sincere gratitude goes to the executives and staff members of the afore-mentioned institutions for expeditious provision of statistical information and advice. The annual publication "Agricultural and Food Sector in Lithuania 2018" is funded by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Lithuania. The authors of the publication believe that this material will be useful for all interested in Lithuanian agricultural and food sector topicalities and welcome any feedback from you, dear readers.