Suchergebnisse

Cover -- Half Title -- Dedication -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Foreword -- Introduction -- 1 The Path of Transformation -- Part I: Institutional Change -- 2 Transformation and the Legacy of Backwardness -- 3 Economic Policy in Public Debate -- 4 Finance in Romania's Quest for Modernisation - the interwar period and the present -- 5 Institutions, Strain and the Underground Economy -- Part II: Macroeconomic Stabilisation and Restructuring -- 6 The Changing Mix of Dis-equilibria during Transition - a Romanian background -- 7 Resource Misallocation and Strain - explaining shocks in post-command economies -- 8 Structure and Strain in Explaining Inter-enterprise Arrears -- 9 Stabilisation and Exchange Rate Policy in Romania -- Part III: Transformation and External Environment -- 10 Europe Under a Double Challenge -- 11 Judging Romania's Way in a Comparative Framework -- 12 The European Union and Eastern Enlargement - a compounded challenge -- Index

2. The Euroarea needs its own Bretton Woods3. Democratic order demands taming financial markets; 4. Rediscovering the logic and spirit of Bretton Woods; Part III. Romania and the Great Recession; Chapter Twelve; 1. Introduction; 2. Romania; 3. Older vintage policy issues/dilemmas; 4. Recent vintage dilemmas: A new age?; 5. Final remarks; Chapter Thirteen; 1. Introduction; 2. Where has Romania come from?; 3. Post-communist transition in Romania; 4. Romanian capitalism in its post-communist phase; 5. Romania, the EU, and catching up; Chapter Fourteen; 1. Introduction

"The authors uncover the roots of the eurozone crisis, focusing on various approaches on how it can be solved against the backdrop of a very deep financial and economic crisis and its strong social impact. They investigate the recent and future developments in the European Union building their argument on three key points. First, the fate of the eurozone underlies the future of the European Union, as any disarray at the core of the EU puts strong destabilizing forces into motion. Second, budget profligacy is far from explaining the depth of the current crisis in the eurozone; a flawed design and inadequate policy arrangements, which have invited rising imbalances among EU member states, are no less important in explaining the plight of and the disaffection in the eurozone. Third, even though the Banking Union project will provide a definitive solution to enhancing the cohesion of the eurozone, there are important technicalities and sequencing problems that still need clarification. Further policy arrangements going beyond the operations of a banking union will be needed in order to make the eurozone and EU function properly. The volume, furthermore, shows that the financial crisis complicates institutional and policy repair in the EU and the establishment of a lasting economic recovery. For economies to start to grow again on a sustainable basis there is a need for a sound financial intermediation system. Finance must be brought 'back to reason' and be shed, as much as possible, of its speculative and destabilizing nature"--

A well-known academic economist and former finance minister, at present member of the European Parliament, Daianu gives a lucid and well balanced overview of the current financial turbulences that have hit the developed economies. Strongly criticizing the excesses of neoliberal capitalism, calls for implementing necessary regulatory reforms in the financial sector and for restoration of a proper balance between the functions of the state and the market. A financial meltdown, with its very dire effects on the real economy, can be prevented by adopting proper policies and regulations

Abstract
In April 2023, the European Commission issued a directive proposal on EU economic governance reform. The Council cut some tasks of Independent Fiscal Institutions (IFIs) that were in the Commission directive proposal; whether this cutting is justified is an open question. Early this year, the Council and the Parliament reached a provisional agreement on the proposed reform of the EU economic governance framework. The vision of the Commission that would involve IFIs in the assessment of fiscal-structural plans is not groundless. But structural reforms and investment analysis demand expertise that hardly exists in most national IFIs, and their involvement in policy design could be perceived as a technocratic inroad into democratic decision-making. In order to play a more significant and effective role, national IFIs need adequate resources and enhanced analytical capacity; their activity depends heavily on the policy design of the EU economic governance. National IFIs should view their role from a macroprudential perspective, too. The role of IFIs should not go beyond what most of them can deliver effectively, so that their status and reputation are not harmed.

The financial crisis and its ensuing effects have brought back into the limelight the issue of cycles and of policies which fuel or mitigate crises. Cognitive and operational models in economics and business are questioned. There is a specter of much lower economic growth in the industrialized world. Central banks are over-burdened. This makes central bankers' lives much more complicated and obfuscates the boundaries between monetary policy and fiscal policy, especially when financial stability gets to center stage. New systemic risks show up in capital markets. The eurozone has escaped collapse owing to the European Central Bank's extraordinary operations and large macro-imbalance corrections in its periphery, but major threats persist. This paper focuses on economic cycles and policies in an international (European) context. Attention is paid to linkages between domestic cycles and the European financial cycle, drivers of financial cycles, finance deregulation and systemic risks, ultra-low interest rates, the international policy regime, and global stability. The experience of European emerging economies is taken into account.

This paper focuses on roots of strain in the European Monetary Union (EMU). It argues that there is need for a thorough reform of the governance structure of the Union in conjunction with radical changes in the regulation and supervision of financial markets. Financial intermediation has gone astray in recent decades and entailed a big bubble in the industrialized world. Waves of financial deregulation have enhanced systemic risks, via speculative behavior and growing inter-connectedness. Moreover, the EMU was sub-optimal from its debut and competitiveness gaps did not diminish against the backdrop of its inadequate policy and institutional design. The euro zone crisis is not related to fiscal negligence only; over-borrowing by the private sector and poor lending by banks, as well as a one-sided monetary policy, also explain this debacle. The EMU needs to complement its common monetary policy with solid fiscal/budget underpinnings. Fiscal rules and sanctions are necessary, but not sufficient. A common treasury (a federal budget) is needed in order to help the EMU absorb shocks and forestall confidence crises. A joint system of regulation and supervision of financial markets should operate. Emergency measures have to be comprehensive and acknowledge the necessity of a lender of last resort; they have to combat vicious circles. Structural reforms and EMU level policies are needed to enhance competitiveness in various countries and foster convergence. The EU has to work closely with the US and other G20 members in order to achieve a less unstable global financial system.