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Numeri e potere: statistica e demografia nella cultura italiana fra le due guerre
In: Gli alberi 48
Tacit Consent: The Church and Birth Control in Northern Italy
In: Population and development review, Band 37, Heft 2, S. 361-374
ISSN: 1728-4457
This article employs novel documentation to examine ways in which the Church's moral rules on contraception were (or were not) communicated to parishioners in a predominantly Catholic context in a period of rapid fertility decline: the diocese of Padua, in the northeastern Italian region of Veneto, during the first half of the twentieth century. The account is based on documents that have until now been overlooked: the moral cases discussed during the periodic meetings among Padua priests in the years 1916–58, and the written answers provided by priests in response to a question asked of them concerning their efforts to combat the limiting of births. This documentation reveals the limited effect on the reproductive behavior of the position of the Catholic Church against birth control.
Migration in the European Union: The narrow street of convergence
Improving EU and US Immigration Systems' Capacity for Responding to Global Challenges: Learning from experiences
BASE
The Banquet of Aeolus
In: Strong Family and Low Fertility: A Paradox?; European Studies of Population, S. 105-125
Tutto quello che non vi hanno mai detto sull'immigrazione
In: Saggi Tascabili Laterza 417
Fecondità, istruzione e classe sociale: donne nate nel secolo 1861-1961 in Italia e nelle sue regioni
In: Materiali di demografia storica
Cose da non credere: il senso comune alla prova dei numeri
In: Saggi tascabili Laterza 362
Strong family and low fertility: a paradox? ; new perspectives in interpreting contemporary family and reproductive behaviour
In: European studies of population 14
Demographic Systems of Medieval Italy (6th–15th century AD)
In: Population and development review, Band 50, Heft 2, S. 541-570
ISSN: 1728-4457
AbstractIn this article, we bring together a variety of studies, both old and new, to examine continuity and change in population dynamics in Italy during the medieval millennium (476–1492 AD). Though the available data are often sporadic and should be interpreted with great caution, it is possible to clarify certain dynamics, which can be useful for guiding future research. First, population fluctuations were not impacted by migration into or out of Italy. Second, medieval Italy was characterized by a high‐pressure demographic regime: e0 was around 20 years, with high adult mortality, and the birth rate was around 50 per mill. Third, despite high mortality, the Italian population grew (+50 percent) from the ninth century to 1347, mainly—but not exclusively—due to the absence of plague. Fourth, the stagnant population of the periods between the sixth and the eighth centuries and the 14th and 16th centuries was determined by the recurrent outbreaks of plague. Fifth, the population stagnation during the first and the last medieval centuries is also partly related to the increase in age at first marriage, while the demographic growth between the ninth and mid‐14th century is possibly connected to the decrease in age at first marriage among women. Sixth, the vitality of the medieval Italian population was partly ensured by a high rate of remarriage among widows. Seventh, data on statures show that mortality levels were determined by epidemic factors, rather than living standards. Finally, when the plague ceased in Europe in the middle of the Early Modern Age, adult survival was significantly higher than in the ancient and medieval centuries, despite the fact that neither hygienic‐sanitary nor epidemiological conditions, and certainly not nutrition, were better than in the centuries preceding the Black Death.
Spread of Cohabitation and Proximity between Kin in Contemporary Italy
In: Journal of family history: studies in family, kinship and demography, Band 39, Heft 4, S. 422-444
ISSN: 1552-5473
In countries of Mediterranean Europe, characterized by strong family ties, close residential proximity between kin facilitates frequent exchanges of free mutual aid. This article focuses on the challenges to proximity posed by the spread of cohabitation in Italy. We consider an extensive definition of kin networks, including siblings and, for women in a couple, the parents and siblings of the partner. We confirm that couples who cohabit or who have cohabited, and those who after having cohabited went on to marry, less frequently went to live near their kin. However, some caution should be taken before arguing that the particular density of kin networks in Italy is destined to disappear.
A Comparison of Survey Techniques on Sensitive Sexual Behavior in Italy
In: The Journal of sex research, Band 50, Heft 6, S. 537-547
ISSN: 1559-8519
An analysis of extremely high 19th century winter neonatal mortality in a local context of northeastern Italy
In: European Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie, Band 27, Heft 1, S. 33-55
Beginning in the mid-seventeenth century, infant mortality in Veneto (a region in northeastern Italy) began to increase, starting at 250‰ and rising to 350‰ by the mid-nineteenth century—one of the highest levels ever recorded in modern Europe. This dramatic change - in a period of worsening economic conditions - was due to variations in winter neonatal mortality, which was 3–4 times higher in Veneto than in other areas with similar winter temperatures (such as England). We combine micro-data on neonatal mortality with daily data on temperatures for a specific context during the period of 1816–1868 characterized by very high neonatal mortality. We find that the risk of death was particularly intense during the first week of life and strongly correlated with external minimum temperature. Through a comparison of these results with other findings in the literature, we suggest that the increase in winter neonatal mortality in Veneto could have principally been caused by the deteriorating physical condition of mothers, lessening the 'quality' of infants who consequently were quite susceptible to cold temperatures.
Population Dynamics in Italy in the Middle Ages: New Insights from Archaeological Findings
In: Population and development review, Band 35, Heft 2, S. 367-389
ISSN: 1728-4457
Studies of settlements in Italy indicate that during the Early Middle Ages (6th–9th centuries) the Italian population was stagnant, whereas a slow but persistent growth followed during the High Middle Ages (10th–13th). However, the components of the dynamics of the Italian population in the long period between the Justinian Plague (around 565 in Italy) and the Black Death (1348) are largely unknown. In this article, data from anthropometric analysis of the skeletons in 154 Italian cemeteries that date between the 1st century BCE and the 13th century are used to gain new insights on mortality of adults and nutrition. Adult mortality was higher during the Early Middle Ages than during the Roman Empire and the High Middle Ages, suggesting that the stagnation of population was determined by higher mortality. During the Early Middle Ages, however, nutritional levels were higher, as suggested by taller statures, more widespread meat consumption, and longer periods of breastfeeding. We discuss some possible research lines to resolve this apparent contradiction.
Marital and Reproductive Behavior in Italy After 1995: Bridging the Gap with Western Europe?
In: European Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie, Band 25, Heft 1, S. 1-26
Despite a delay of 20–25 years, when it comes to cohabitation, Italy has now begun to resemble other Western countries. In addition, the increase in legal separations has accelerated since 1995, although their number still remains far from that observed in countries such as the USA, the UK, and France. Finally, Italy's fertility decline has come to a halt: the cohort of women born in the early 1970s will likely have the same TFR as those born in the mid-1960s (around 1.55). Moreover, in the Centre–North areas, period TFR rose from 1.1 in 1995 to 1.35 children per woman 10 years later. The territorial diffusion of cohabitation, legal separation, out-of-wedlock births, and fertility recovery overlaps closely with that of the decline in births during the first half of the twentieth century. A similar geographical pattern has been observed for the diffusion of school enrolment, industrialization, secularization, and (during the last 20 years) foreign immigration.