Suchergebnisse

Current revolutions in biotechnology and neuroscience are changing military technologies, necessitating dramatic reevaluations in arms regulatory regimes. This book assesses how these new technologies can be used in weapons systems—by governments and terrorists alike—and whether this frightening development can be brought under effective international control. Dando begins by surveying the existing (and arguably inadequate) control mechanisms for chemical and biological weapons. He then discusses how earlier generations of toxin and bioregulatory weapons have been developed by such states as Iraq, the former Soviet Union, and the U.S. and explains, in nontechnical terms, the scientific advances that have implications for new weapons technology. Considering how international law might be applied to constrain undesirable military developments without restricting technological developments for peaceful purposes, Dando concludes with a proposal for an integrated control regime that would link international agreements, national legislation, and trade regulations

Cover -- Series -- Title -- Copyrights -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Preface and Acknowledgements -- List of Abbreviations -- Part I The Past -- 1 Neuroscience and CBW -- 2 The Structure and Function of the Brain -- 3 The CBW Non-Proliferation Regime -- 4 The Dual-Use Challenge -- Part II The Present -- 5 Modern Civil Neuroscience -- 6 Novel Neuroweapons -- 7 Implications of Advances in Neuroscience -- 8 The Search for Incapacitants -- 9 Bioregulators and Toxins -- Part III The Future -- 10 The BTWC and CWC Facing Scientific Change -- 11 Where Are We Going?

Cover -- Contents -- List of Tables -- Preface -- Introduction -- 1 The Problem of Biological Warfare -- 2 The Chemical Weapons Convention and the Worldwide Chemical Industry -- 3 Developing the BTWC, 1975-1995 -- 4 Genomics and the New Biotechnology -- 5 The Negotiation of the BTWC Protocol -- 6 Compliance Measures: Declarations and Visits -- 7 The Debate on Visits -- 8 The Role of US Industry -- 9 The Chairman's Text -- 10 The United States and the BTWC Protocol -- 11 Epilogue -- Appendix 1 The 1972 Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention -- Appendix 2 Statement by the United States to the Ad Hoc Group -- References -- Index.

This chapter addresses the role of civil scientists in the science-chemical weapons nexus. It investigates four specific issues: the convergence of chemistry and biology, neuroscience, social science, and awareness-raising and education. It argues that there could be multiple roles for many natural and social scientists in helping to maintain and develop the CWC prohibition regime. However, it can also be concluded that without a serious and sustained effort on awareness-raising and education on the CWC, and obligations under the Convention, the CWC will remain at best a marginal issue for most practicing chemists. Adapted from the source document.