Suchergebnisse

The study deals with the early Slovak historiography which referred to the Russian chronicles as one of the sources to understand the development of the early Slavic history. This chronicle also contributed to the creation of the historical concept of the modern Slovak nation at the end of the 18th century and in the 19th century. The chronicle of Nestor is a valuable source of knowledge and information for the earliest history of Russia, Belarus, Ukraine; for the history of the Slavs; ecclesiastical history; and medieval European history in general. As far as the national history of the Slovaks is concerned, this chronicle is perhaps the most detailed description of the events with regards to the arrival of the saints Constantine and Methodius in Great Moravia. It details their prolific activity, their influence on the development of the Slovak literature and the integration of Great Moravian Slavs into the family of civilized European cultures with their national, linguistic, and Christian core. In the context of the emergence of the Slovak historiography and during the period of the national revival of the Slovaks in the 19th century, the chronicle of Nestor became an important source of scholarly arguments against the Hungarian historical scholarship in particular. In the first half of the 20th century, the study of Nestor's chronicle was primarily the work of two Russian scholars-emigrants, working in Slovakia — the linguist V. Pogorelov and historian E. Perfetski. Post-war and contemporary Slovak science (especially history and linguistics) approaches the issue of Russian chronicles and the chronicle of Nestor mainly in the context of the interpretation of the old Slavic and Slovak history and literature.

The presented study synthesizes both established as well as most recent knowledge on the life and work of Professor Eugen Yulianovich Perfecky, who worked in Slovakia from 1922 until his death in 1947. He was, among other things, a graduate of the University of St Petersburg and an outstanding student of Professor A. A. Shakhmatov. The first group of Russian scholars came to Czechoslovakia in 1921, and in the same year, at the suggestion and recommendation of Prof. Vatroslav Jagič and Lubomír Niederle, he received an invitation to the newly established Comenius University in Bratislava. Within E. Perfecky's scholarly work, the two most important areas of research were: the history of Subcarpathian Rus' and analytical and comparative research of medieval chronicles. E. Perfecky was a supporter of the Ukrainian orientation of the national culture of Subcarpathian Russia. The outcomes of his research, particularly in the comparative studies of Russian chronicles with German, Polish, Hungarian, and Czech chronicles, significantly advanced the respective expertise, thus making him a worthy successor to the Russian textological research of early Russian chronicles pioneered by A. A. Shakhmatov. E. Perfecky maintanted a great scholarly network and worked closely with C. Slavists, such as J. Bidlo, L. Niederle, K. Jirechek, M. Weingart, J. Macurek. He cooperated with Professor Jagiсh in Vienna, with the Norwegian Slavist O. Brok, and other leading Slavists in Poland and Germany. E. Perfecky also collaborated with a number of Russian and Ukrainian emigrant historians. In Slovakia, E. Perfecky laid a solid foundation for further historical research of Russian chronicles as well as for studies of the history of Eastern Europe.

The uprising of Francis II Rákóczi in 1703–1711 is a frequently debated topic in European historiographies (especially in Hungarian, Slovak and Polish). For the Slovak historiography (since its beginning), anti-Habsburg uprisings in the 17th and early 18th centuries has been a key issue. There is a number of works that deal with the last anti-Habsburg uprising in Hungary in detail. The aim of this study is to examine the mentioned events through the prism of a different historical source, the Russian newspaper "Vedomosti", which in 1703 to 1711 captured relatively detailed information about the uprising of Francis II Rákóczi. The first report about the anti-Habsburg uprising in Russian Journal "Vedomosti" was published in October 1703. Most reports describe military operations on the Slovak territory, which makes their content interesting for Slovak historiography. The study analyses the problems of international relations and political interests of the Imperial Russian court with regard to Francis II Rákóczi in the context of sources, scholarly literature as well as information from the newspaper itself. Reports of the Francis II. Rákóczi's uprising in the Russian periodical from 1703–1711 may not be of key importance to the scholarly research of the uprising itself, but they demonstrate the interest of the Russian diplomacy in the events in Central Europe and Hungarian anti-Habsburg rebellions in the context of European policy in the early 18th century. After the conclusion of the treaty of Satmár, Francis II Rákóczi remained interesting for European politics, even in a different context. After 1711, Tsar Peter the Great invited F.Rákóczi and his supporters to immigrate to Russia. However, such an option was unacceptable to F.Rákóczi himself.

The article deals with the most significant cases of Russian-Slovak cultural and scholarly connections in the nineteenth century, starting from the first mentions of inclusion of Slavs into the programs of Decembrists to 1870s when Slovaks came to study at Russian universities. The researchers' attentions is concentrated mostly on the perception of Slovaks in Russia and their image in the Russian society. First, the researchers identified the basic stages in the development of Russian-Slovak contacts and the ways of collaboration of Russian and Slovak intellectuals. Then they analyzed the political situation that greatly influenced the intensity of the Russian-Slovak contacts in the various stages of the time span from the years of Alexander I rule to the last quarter of the nineteenth century. A prominent place in the article is dedicated to the role of M.F. Raevskii, archpriest of the Orthodox church of the embassy of the Russian empire in Vienna, adherent to the idea of Slavic mutuality. The first complete publication of the Slavic correspondents of M.F. Raevskii was issued in 2014 in Bratislava. DOI:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s7p149