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This article addresses the topic of quantitative, or mathematics, literacy for the workplace and its relevance in programming for deaf students. As Craig and Craig indicated in framing this issue of the Annals , preparing students for the workplace is only one goal of literacy. Literacy also carries enormous political significance, as it relates to critical thinking, empowerment, fostering informed voting, preserving culture, and maintaining cultural and economic control; and it further can be viewed simply from the perspective of adding dignity and richness to life itself. However, because of its special impact in the workplace, this very pragmatic aspect of quantitative literacy will be the focus here. As noted educator and author Ira Shor (see, e.g., Shor, 1980) once said in response to a question I posed, "One should not apologize for the need nor the ability to earn a living."

Instructional time devoted to any subject matter may be said to encompass three components: allocated time, used time and engaged time. Research provides evidence that time is a powerful variable in student learning, and that some uses of time may be more judicious than others. Such findings are suggestive of a number of recommendations which teachers may consider for use in their classrooms.