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Objective: This study examines the asymmetric impact of both internal (military, education, and health expenditures) and external (trade opening and foreign direct investment) factors that contribute to poverty reduction. Methodology: To find an asymmetric relationship between the proposed variables, we used a non-linear ARDL co-integration approach for the period ranging from 1981-2019. Findings: The findings of the study confirm the asymmetric impact of internal (education, military, health expenditures, quality of governance) and external (foreign direct investment, openness) factors on poverty. The finding confirms that ignoring nonlinear or asymmetric properties of macroeconomic variables may mislead inferences. This study has policy implications for government officials to reduce poverty. Novelty: theeconomic theory of poverty is studied from different perspectives by using internal and external factors that have direct and indirect effects on poverty. Furthermore, for in-depth analysis, a nonlinear approach is used to determine which factor has a strong contribution to eliminating poverty. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-03-07 Full Text: PDF

Artigo publicado em revista científica internacional ; Organizational strategic programs are continuously evolving and gaining the attention of policy makers in order to construct organizations' ecological and socioeconomic systems. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the balanced scorecard (BSC) and sustainable development involving the mediated effect of political and regulatory influence. To achieve the core objectives of the research, the quantitative (positivism) research method is applied. The goal of the current research is made possible through the quantitative method because of its objective nature of reality. A total of 320 questionnaires were distributed among the different levels of managers; 280 respondents returned the questionnaire. The data are analyzed through a modern statistical tool called Smart-PLS, Partial Least Squares (PLS) is high graphical user interference software that is used to calculate Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through PLS path modeling. Factor analysis is conducted to eliminate the variables that have no contribution and to reduce the variables to obtain better results in regression. The implications are for energy organizations that are struggling to deal with sustainable development and these tools can help them to achieve their sustainability goals. The study concludes that the adoption of BSC is essential to ensure sustainable development regardless of its challenges. Moreover, consideration of meta-constitutional rules as political influence is important to understand and address in order to mitigate financial loss. In nutshell, the use of BSC is highly recommended to eliminate the routine problems and to ensure environmental sustainability. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Organizational strategic programs are continuously evolving and gaining the attention of policy makers in order to construct organizations' ecological and socioeconomic systems. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the balanced scorecard (BSC) and sustainable development involving the mediated effect of political and regulatory influence. To achieve the core objectives of the research, the quantitative (positivism) research method is applied. The goal of the current research is made possible through the quantitative method because of its objective nature of reality. A total of 320 questionnaires were distributed among the different levels of managers; 280 respondents returned the questionnaire. The data are analyzed through a modern statistical tool called Smart-PLS, Partial Least Squares (PLS) is high graphical user interference software that is used to calculate Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through PLS path modeling. Factor analysis is conducted to eliminate the variables that have no contribution and to reduce the variables to obtain better results in regression. The implications are for energy organizations that are struggling to deal with sustainable development and these tools can help them to achieve their sustainability goals. The study concludes that the adoption of BSC is essential to ensure sustainable development regardless of its challenges. Moreover, consideration of meta-constitutional rules as political influence is important to understand and address in order to mitigate financial loss. In nutshell, the use of BSC is highly recommended to eliminate the routine problems and to ensure environmental sustainability. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Organizational strategic programs are continuously evolving and gaining the attention of policy makers in order to construct organizations' ecological and socioeconomic systems. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the balanced scorecard (BSC) and sustainable development involving the mediated effect of political and regulatory influence. To achieve the core objectives of the research, the quantitative (positivism) research method is applied. The goal of the current research is made possible through the quantitative method because of its objective nature of reality. A total of 320 questionnaires were distributed among the different levels of managers; 280 respondents returned the questionnaire. The data are analyzed through a modern statistical tool called Smart-PLS, Partial Least Squares (PLS) is high graphical user interference software that is used to calculate Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through PLS path modeling. Factor analysis is conducted to eliminate the variables that have no contribution and to reduce the variables to obtain better results in regression. The implications are for energy organizations that are struggling to deal with sustainable development and these tools can help them to achieve their sustainability goals. The study concludes that the adoption of BSC is essential to ensure sustainable development regardless of its challenges. Moreover, consideration of meta-constitutional rules as political influence is important to understand and address in order to mitigate financial loss. In nutshell, the use of BSC is highly recommended to eliminate the routine problems and to ensure environmental sustainability.

Environmental deregulation has become a severe concern for public health around the world. Increased pollution and ecological degradation have diverted attention towards adopting green practices, which can be possible if the sustainable green finance system is implemented in its true spirit. But previous studies reported certain factors affecting its implementation process, particularly in developing countries. This study aims to identify and quantify the barriers to adopting a green finance system. First, it identified twenty barriers through an extensive literature review and semi-structured interviews with experts in the fields of financial management, economics, and environmental sciences. Later, eighteen factors were finalized by the consensus of panel experts, which was further used to analyze their interrelationship through Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM). Using MICMAC analysis, these barriers were categorized based on their diving-dependence powers. Finally, the conceptual ISM model is developed that provides a clear picture of the impediments to the green finance adoption system and their flow relationship among the identified barriers at different levels. The findings suggest that global level factors: lack of pressure from international organizations and unavailability of globally acceptable green criteria are critical to the prevalence of other factors that indicate its centrality to effectively implementing the green finance system. The developed model helps in designing, implementing, and promoting eco-friendly projects. It is also recommended that an appropriate framework is required to be developed at global, country, organizational, and individual levels to deal with the barriers of the green finance adoption system. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-02-02 Full Text: PDF

Artigo publicado em revista científica internacional ; Sub-Saharan African countries are known to be bedeviled with some challenges hindering the economic development. Meanwhile, some of these issues have not been exhaustively investigated in the context of the region. Thus, this study aimed at investigating the implications of government effectiveness, availability of natural resources, and security threats on the regions' economic develop ment. Yearly data, spanning from 2007 to 2020, was converted from low frequency (yearly) to high frequency (quarterly) and utilized. Data analysis was conducted using Dynamic heterogeneous panel level estimators (PMG and CS-ARDL). Findings show that while PMG estimator confirms a long-run causal effect of governance, natural resources, and security threats on economic development, only natural resources show a short-run causal effect with economic development, while the CS-ARDL (model 2) confirms the significance of all the variables both in the long and short-run. Moreover, the ECT coefficients for both models were found to be statistically significant at less than 1% significance level, which indicates that the systems return back to equilibrium in case of a shock that causes disequilibrium, and in addition, reveals a stable long-run cointegration among the variables in the model. Finally, this study suggests that the policy makers in SSA countries should place more emphasis on improving governance, managing security challenges, and effectively utilizing rents from the natural resources, as all these have severe implications for the economic development of the region if not addressed. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Sub-Saharan African countries are known to be bedeviled with some challenges hindering the economic development. Meanwhile, some of these issues have not been exhaustively investigated in the context of the region. Thus, this study aimed at investigating the implications of government effectiveness, availability of natural resources, and security threats on the regions' economic development. Yearly data, spanning from 2007 to 2020, was converted from low frequency (yearly) to high frequency (quarterly) and utilized. Data analysis was conducted using Dynamic heterogeneous panel level estimators (PMG and CS-ARDL). Findings show that while PMG estimator confirms a long-run causal effect of governance, natural resources, and security threats on economic development, only natural resources show a short-run causal effect with economic development, while the CS-ARDL (model 2) confirms the significance of all the variables both in the long and short-run. Moreover, the ECT coefficients for both models were found to be statistically significant at less than 1% significance level, which indicates that the systems return back to equilibrium in case of a shock that causes disequilibrium, and in addition, reveals a stable long-run cointegration among the variables in the model. Finally, this study suggests that the policy makers in SSA countries should place more emphasis on improving governance, managing security challenges, and effectively utilizing rents from the natural resources, as all these have severe implications for the economic development of the region if not addressed.