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Title: Gender Gus Dur: Tonggak Kebijakan Kesetaraan Gender Era Presiden Abdurrahman WahidAuthor: Ashilly AchidstiPublisher: Gading PublishingEdition: First, 2021Number of Pages: 149

Judul: The Triple Helix: University-Industry- Government Innovation and Enterpreneurship Penulis: Henry Etzkowitz & Chunyan Zhou Penerbit: RoudledgeCetakan: Kedua, 2018 Tebal: 328 halaman

This article elaborates citizens' participation in shaping local development in the Indonesian context. The main question is how to make local development more participatory as a guarantee that citizens' rights are fully realized. In that respects, social accountability is a key that should be improved from supply and demand sides simultaneously. From the supply side, there is a need to reform local governance, in order to improve the quality of local regulations, local planning, local budgeting, and local public service provision. While from the demand side, there is a need to empower local citizens so that they are engaged in five forms or local development efforts: local regulation formulation, local development planning, local budgeting, community driven development, and public service provision.

The acute and complex national crisis persisting in this country has in general worsened the quality of live of the poor. However, empirical studies in five Javanese villages found that the impact of the crisis varies among different social groups, such as peasants, labors, small entrepreneurs and traders. This paper elaborates a number of factors that make the crisis affect differently to different people. This paper also shows how the poor develop their strategy of survival during the crisis and how government programs which attempt to eliminate the impacts of the crisis to the poor are in fact has failed to match the way the poor deal with the crisis.

This paper elaborates smoking behavior and its implication to health as well as household welfare. The controversy of this behavior and its implication is explored: cigarette is demanding goods for many people, particularly men; cigarette industries also contribute a lot to job opportunities, household income, and government revenues, but the health consequences of smoking behavior exceed the benefits. In addition, most smokers in this country spend their limited income more for tobacco than for education and health, and hence affects negatively to their welfare. This paper than explores state regulations applied in many parts of the world since 16th centuries, and efforts to regulate smoking behavior in Indonesia, and their effectiveness to protect people from smoke hazards.

Abortion is a controversial issue that had been a hot public debate in Indonesia after the Warakas tragedy. This article explores the ongoing debate between the so called pro-life and pro-choice groups, and formulate policy recommendations to overcome the abortion problem. The tough policyagainst the abortion would not solve the problem, rather it keeps the unsafe-abortion practised illegally and widely. The Government should be more realistic in dealing with this problem by providingearly abortion service at low cost so that women are protected from unsafe abortion.

Reproductive health covers a number of elements that relates to sexual activities and reproductive processes. The clinical aspects of the reproductive health are indeed important. Yet, its social aspects are not less significant due to its complexity and difficulty for making a solution. Many social problems associated with reproductive health, such as unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortion, STD/AIDS, side-effects of contraceptive uses, etc., have grown to be more crucial and call for serious attention from social scientists as well as policy makers. This paper specifically addresses this issue by elaborating the scope and complexity of reproductive health matters in an Indonesian context.

Housing and its sanitation has been widely recognized as a global human problem. Apart of the sources of problem is population, i.e high rate of population growth and over urbanization. Using the Indonesian case, this paper discusses the relationship between population and housing. The population growth rate of Indonesia declined from 2.3 annually during the decade of 1971- 1980 to 1.97 annually during the next decade. However, the average number of household members declined from 4.9 to 4.5 during the same period. As a result, the number of households increased substantially than the number of population. This phenomenon will affect the increase of the need of housing. In the meantime, the economic condition of Indonesian households could not compete with the soaring prices of housing. In addition, government capabilities to provide housing for the society are still very limited. The data available shows the evidence onthe scarcity of housing,where the number of housing stock is smaller than the number of households. However, The number of housing stock has increased substantially, whereas the difference between the number of households and the number of housing stock decreased consistently. These data indicate that productivity of housing market, particularly the informalone, isconsiderably high, even thoughinreality the qualityof suchhousing is, ingeneral, low.

Aris Ananta, EKONOMI SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA. Jakarta: LembagaDemografi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Pusat Antar Universitas bidangEkonomi, Universitas Indonesia, 1990.

This paper elaborates smoking behavior and its implication to health as well as household welfare. The controversy of this behavior and its implication is explored: cigarette is demanding goods for many people, particularly men; cigarette industries also contribute a lot to job opportunities, household income, and government revenues, but the health consequences of smoking behavior exceed the benefits. In addition, most smokers in this country spend their limited income more for tobacco than for education and health, and hence affects negatively to their welfare. This paper than explores state regulations applied in many parts of the world since 16th centuries, and efforts to regulate smoking behavior in Indonesia, and their effectiveness to protect people from smoke hazards.

This article elaborates citizens' participation in shaping local development in the Indonesian context. The main question is how to make local development more participatory as a guarantee that citizens' rights are fully realized. In that respects, social accountability is a key that should be improved from supply and demand sides simultaneously. From the supply side, there is a need to reform local governance, in order to improve the quality of local regulations, local planning, local budgeting, and local public service provision. While from the demand side, there is a need to empower local citizens so that they are engaged in five forms or local development efforts: local regulation formulation, local development planning, local budgeting, community driven development, and public service provision.

Housing and its sanitation has been widely recognized as a global human problem. Apart of the sources of problem is population, i.e high rate of population growth and over urbanization. Using the Indonesian case, this paper discusses the relationship between population and housing. The population growth rate of Indonesia declined from 2.3 annually during the decade of 1971- 1980 to 1.97 annually during the next decade. However, the average number of household members declined from 4.9 to 4.5 during the same period. As a result, the number of households increased substantially than the number of population. This phenomenon will affect the increase of the need of housing. In the meantime, the economic condition of Indonesian households could not compete with the soaring prices of housing. In addition, government capabilities to provide housing for the society are still very limited. The data available shows the evidence onthe scarcity of housing,where the number of housing stock is smaller than the number of households. However, The number of housing stock has increased substantially, whereas the difference between the number of households and the number of housing stock decreased consistently. These data indicate that productivity of housing market, particularly the informalone, isconsiderably high, even thoughinreality the qualityof suchhousing is, ingeneral, low.