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In this study, we have considered two states of India one from North (Uttar Pradesh) and other from south (Kerala). The objective of this present paper is to measure the inequality in terms of standard of living index for both states and Uttar Pradesh and Kerala by using popular statistical techniques for measurement of inequality.

Front Cover -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Authors -- Chapter 1: Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Global Perspective -- Chapter 2: Scenario of Fluoride Pollution -- Chapter 3: Dental Fluorosis -- Chapter 4: Skeletal Fluorosis -- Chapter 5: Stress Effects of Fluoride on Humans -- Chapter 6: Fluoride in the Environment and Its Toxicological Effects -- Chapter 7: Defluoridation Techniques: An Overview -- Chapter 8: Adsorptive Removal of Fluoride: A Case Study -- Back Cover

The article discusses the features of pre-trial settlement of labor disputes in professional sports. The historical aspect of formation of legislation in terms of dispute settlement in professional sports is revealed, the main signs of pre-trial settlement of labor disputes in professional sports are given, in particular, signs of autonomy and confidentiality. The approaches of All-Russian Sports Federations and professional sports leagues to the resolution of labor disputes of professional athletes both in the first and in the appellate instances are specified. The article also examines the problems of legal regulation of the status of bodies of all-Russian sports federations and professional sports leagues that resolve labor disputes of professional athletes. Necessary amendments to the current labor legislation of the Russian Federation are proposed for the purpose of properly consolidating the status of the above-described bodies. Possible risks are considered in the event of no changes in the labor legislation. ; В статье рассматриваются особенности досудебного урегулирования трудовых споров в профессиональном спорте. Раскрывается исторический аспект становления законодательства в части урегулирования споров в профессиональном спорте, приводятся основные признаки досудебного урегулирования трудовых споров в профессиональном спорте, в частности признаки автономности и конфиденциальности. Конкретизируются подходы общероссийских спортивных федераций и профессиональных спортивных лиг к разрешению трудовых споров профессиональных спортсменов как в первой, так и в апелляционной инстанциях. Также исследуются проблемы правового регулирования статуса органов общероссийских спортивных федераций и профессиональных спортивных лиг, разрешающих трудовые споры профессиональных спортсменов. Предлагаются необходимые изменения в действующее трудовое законодательство Российской Федерации для целей надлежащего закрепления статуса вышеописанных органов. Рассматриваются возможные риски на случай отсутствия изменений в трудовом законодательстве.

Статья посвящена анализу независимой ипотеки, закрепленной в качестве способа обеспечения исполнения обязательств в одном из законопроектов в Гражданский кодекс Российской Федерации. Проблема целесообразности введения независимой ипотеки в российское гражданское законодательство является актуальной, так как современная правоприменительная практика вытесняет сложившиеся представления об акцессорности залога. С целью выявления необходимости закрепления независимой ипотеки в Гражданском кодексе Российской Федерации данная форма ипотеки рассматривается в свете различных проявлений акцессорности и проводится ее сравнение с существующей в российском гражданском законодательстве ипотекой, являющейся акцессорным способом обеспечения исполнения обязательств. В результате исследования автор приходит к выводу, что независимая ипотека, которую планируется ввести в российское гражданское право, представляет собой ослабление акцессорности закрепленной в российском законодательстве ипотеки. ; The article is devoted to the analysis of an independent mortgage, enshrined as a way to ensure the fulfillment of obligations in one of the draft laws in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. The problem of the feasibility of introducing an independent mortgage into Russian civil legislation is relevant, since modern law enforcement practice supplants the prevailing ideas about the accessory nature of the pledge. In order to identify the need to secure an independent mortgage in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, this form of mortgage is considered in the light of various manifestations of accessory and is compared with the mortgage existing in Russian civil legislation, which is an accessory way of ensuring the fulfillment of obligations. As a result of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that the independent mortgage, which is planned to be introduced into Russian civil law, represents a weakening of the accessory property of the mortgage fixed in Russian legislation.

Since its inception in 1948, 71 peacekeeping operations have been deployed by the UN with mixed results. Because it failed in places like Rwanda, Somalia or former Yugoslavia, the UN peacekeeping often comes under criticism more for what it has not been able to achieve and less for how it has contributed to the conflict management. To enhance the effectiveness of the operations, the UN has tried to introduce several reforms over the last 30 years. Measuring performance is a key to any successful reforms. But how does one measure the performance of UN peacekeeping operations? Opinions on the methods and evaluation parameters vary, as each operation is different. Since there is no standard assessment criterion for any UN peacekeeping operation, developing such an evaluation framework is the need of the day. Out of many approaches, this can be attempted through a successful ongoing operation as a case study. As a traditional peacekeeping operation, UNIFIL was selected for this study as a case study because of its uniqueness. There has not been a major conflict between Lebanon and Israel since the last war of 2006 and therefore, the contribution of UNIFIL has been significant. The study is based on asking key questions to ascertain whether the goals set by the UNIFIL mission have been fulfilled or not. This is further analyzed by a combination of a quantitative and qualitative study to establish its validity and corroboration. Development of key success criterion was effectively used to assess UNIFIL. The major finding of this research is that UNIFIL has fulfilled all the goals set for the mission. This has been significant, thus putting UNIFIL in the category of 'satisfactorily successful' UN peacekeeping operations. There will always be varying interpretations of the principles of peacekeeping which will influence the outcome of any UN peace operation. Therefore, organised training for peacekeepers in the deployment area in the form of debates and discussion would help to limit the scope of the misinterpretation of the nuances of principles of peacekeeping. The current structure of UNIFIL comprising peacekeepers from a few Western as well as non-Western nations is a good and rare combination. It provides political deterrence to antagonists with a more "human" face of the peacekeepers. Therefore, for the sake of maintaining the current state of 'negative peace', the continued deployment of UNIFIL in its current form is a necessity. It should be further strengthened in its conflict management capabilities. Institutionalisation of a mechanism for periodical collation and analysis of disaggregated data in terms of opinion surveys and operational statistics by the mission HQs, would also help to make continuous improvement and mid-course correction in the operational activities of UNIFIL. This research is based on empirical data, supported with perceptions and practical experiences of practioneers and 'subject matter experts' at both operational and tactical levels, and contains valuable takeaways for the UN for future reform and best practices for those who are active on an everyday basis in UN peacekeeping.