The aims of this study is to analyze the legality of regional foreign cooperation agreements during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is a normative juridical study, with the type of library research. In order to support this research process, the approach used is a statute approach and a conceptual approach. The results show that the legality of the regional government foreign cooperation agreement is related to the status of the regional government which is an extension of the central government through regional autonomy given the authority to carry out international cooperation through an agreement. This authority must be exercised by taking into account the potential of natural resources and the needs of the community, especially during the COVID 19 pandemic.
Nutmeg is a spice plant native of the Maluku islands that have been traded and cultivated for generations in the form of smallholder plantations in most of the Maluku islands. However, currently, Maluku's nutmeg exports have decreased. Therefore, the Maluku government must be perspicaciously smart to read every opportunity so that the potential of natural resources can be utilized optimally for the welfare of the region. This research is normative juridical research, with the type of library research. Maluku Province is a province characterized by islands. This phenomenon is the background for the birth of the concept of island cluster development. Through the concept of island cluster development, the Maluku provincial government hopes that each island group realizes the potential of their respective regions and strives to develop this potential for the independence of each island group, especially in increasing Maluku nutmeg exports.
Introduction: Hagia Sophia is a historic building in Turkey and has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1934 and has now been converted into a mosque by President Erdogan. UNESCO is the only United Nations agency that has a specific task of protecting cultural heritage which is under international control. The protection of the world's creativity and cultural diversity is contained in Article 7 of the 1972 World Heritage Convention.Purposes of the Research: This writing aims to examine and analyze how UNESCO functions in providing protection for World Heritage Sites whether the function of the Hagia Sophia World Heritage Site is contrary to the 1972 World Heritage Site Convention.Methods of the Research: The research method in this paper uses a normative juridical research type. The research approach used is a statutory approach, a conceptual approach and a case approach. The procedure for collecting legal materials uses primary legal materials and secondary legal materials through books, articles, journals and the writings of legal experts, as well as legal materials analysis techniques in this study using qualitative analysis techniques.Results of the Research: The results obtained are to explain that The results obtained show that, UNESCO as an organization that has a function to protect and preserve world culture is embodied in the 1972 World Heritage Site Convention, UNESCO is obliged to provide assistance in the form of funding, preservation in terms of technique and professional training, related to the transfer of the status of Hagia Sophia. does not conflict with the 1972 World Heritage Convention, because the convention does not yet regulate the Transfer of the Status of Historic Buildings. For this reason, it is suggested that in the 1972 World Heritage Convention there should be rules governing the Transfer of the Status of a Historic Building Site that is already included in a World Heritage Site, while respecting the principle of state sovereignty and in terms of the protection of a Building Site there must be cooperation between the government where the heritage is located. with UNESCO so that efforts to protect and preserve a Building Site can be carried out properly.
Introduction: ASEAN in general is one of the international organizations in the Southeast Asian region whose initial goal was to form a peace zone in the Southeast Asian region.Purposes of the Research: Analyze and discuss arrangements regarding the resignation of member countries from ASEAN membership.Methods of the Research: The research method used in this research is normative law which is sourced from primary, secondary, tertiary legal materials, which data collection is carried out through literature studies.Results of the Research: Based on the results of this study, it is revealed that the resignation of ASEAN member countries cannot be carried out. It is clear that the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969 stipulates that if there is no regulation regarding withdrawal from an international treaty, then the resignation cannot be carried out. However, if a country is difficult to withdraw from ASEAN or other international organizations, it can be said that the member country concerned continues to violate its obligations as a member. Therefore, it would be better to put forward the principles of the ASEAN Way as a norm for peaceful dispute resolution and emphasize deliberation and consensus
Introduction: This study discusses the application of the principle of non-refoulement that has been agreed upon in the 1951 Convention concerning the Status of Refugees against Rohingya Ethnic Refugees by Asean Countries.Purposes of the Research: Analyzing and knowing the urgency Analyzing the application of the principle of non-refoulement to Rohingya refugees by ASEAN countries. Methods of the Research: This study uses a normative juridical method with the legal materials used in the study are primary, secondary and tertiary with the use of literature study techniques in the form of international legal regulations, scientific papers and literature.Results of the Research: Non-refoulement has binding power and must be obeyed by every country in the world considering that the principle of non-refoulement has a correlation with the principle of ius congens/jus congens which is coercive and bound for every State to implement it, both countries that are directly involved in the Convention and who are not involved. The implementation of the principle of non-refoulement against the Rohingya by ASEAN has not been fully implemented effectively. This can be seen from several ASEAN countries that are not proactive in handling the problem of Rohingya refugees. ASEAN as a Regional Organization that has the authority to intervene in human rights issues in Southeast Asia cannot act effectively because it is subject to the principles of non-intervention and consensus.
