Suchergebnisse

States regulate products. They may make access to their market, or favourable rates of taxation, conditional on compliance by products with rules that aim to protect safety, health, morality, the environment and so on. When these rules concern the physical composition of the product, regulating, for example, the ingredients in foodstuffs or the chemicals used in toys, or the recyclability of batteries,Cassis de Dijon, and its legislative and jurisprudential spawn, tell the European lawyer how to approach the resulting barriers to trade.

Begun in 2001, Technium is a Welsh university-business interface project presently consisting of ten facilities. Seven of these are jointly managed by the Welsh Development Agency and Swansea University. Taken with other linked developments at the University, Technium is helping to generate a distinct sub-regional innovation system incorporating many of the features that researchers have identified as critical to successful localised learning and innovation. A provisional evaluation of costs and benefits suggests that recent criticism of the project is unjustified. With its initial dependence on EU Structural Funds, the Technium model incorporates design elements which may be approriate to other relatively deprived regions of the EU.