Suchergebnisse

The history of vital registration has attracted substantial attention from both social historians and historical demographers. While much of that research has touched upon issues of fertility and mortality, the contentious issue of the stillborn child—which falls somewhere between the two—has been largely neglected. Although civil birth and death registration was introduced to Scotland in 1855, stillbirth registration did not begin until 1939. Using a range of legal, medical, and statistical evidence, this article explores the history of stillbirth registration in Scotland from a social history perspective. It outlines the problems associated with lack of stillbirth registration, the processes that eventually led to registration of the stillborn child, and the wider significance of that registration.

Frontmatter -- CONTENTS -- List of Tables -- Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations -- 1. Introduction -- PART I. SEXUAL OFFENCES -- 2. Female Prostitution -- 3. Homosexual Law Reform, 1950-67 -- 4. Homosexual Law Reform, 1967-80 -- PART II. REPRODUCTIVE ISSUES -- 5. Abortion -- 6. Family Planning -- PART III. DISEASE AND ENLIGHTENMENT -- 7. Sexual Health -- 8. School Sex Education -- PART IV. SEX AND CENSORSHIP -- 19. Moral Censorship and the State in the 1950s -- 10. Sex, Censorship and Scottish Governance in the 1960s -- 11. Policing Pornography and Obscenity in the 1970s -- 12. Conclusion -- Sources and Select Bibliography -- Index

Sherri Finkbine flew to Sweden : abortion and disability in the early 1960s / Lena Lennerhed -- From Heathrow airport to Harley Street : the ALRA and the travel of non-resident women for abortion services in Britain / Christabelle Sethna -- The trans-Tasman abortion travel service : abortion services for New Zealand women in the 1970s / Hayley Brown -- All aboard the "abortion express" : geographic variability, domestic travel and the 1967 Abortion Act / Gayle Davis, Jane O'Neill, Clare Parker, and Sally Sheldon -- A double movement : the politics of reproductive mobility in Ireland / Mary Gilmartin and Sinead Kennedy -- Tales of mobility : women's travel and abortion services in a globalized Australia / Barbara Baird -- Don't mess with Texas : abortion policy Texas style / Lori Brown -- Trials and trails : the emergence of Canada's abortion refugees in Prince Edward Island / Cathrine Chambers, Colleen MacQuarrie, and Jo-Ann MacDonald -- Abortion travel and the cost of reproductive choice in Spain / Agata Ignaciuk -- "The import problem" : the travels of our bodies, ourselves, to Eastern Europe / Anna Bogic -- The illegal abortion underground, abortion tourism and the Catholic Church in Poland / Ewelina Ciaputa -- Brexit and reproductive healthcare : abortion access for women traveling to Britain, post-EU / Niklas Barke

This ground-breaking, interdisciplinary volume provides an overdue assessment of how infertility has been understood, treated and experienced in different times and places. It brings together scholars from disciplines including history, literature, psychology, philosophy, and the social sciences to create the first large-scale review of recent research on the history of infertility. Through exploring an unparalleled range of chronological periods and geographical regions, it develops historical perspectives on an apparently transhistorical experience. It shows how experiences of infertility, access to treatment, and medical perspectives on this 'condition' have been mediated by social, political, and cultural discourses. The handbook reflects on and interrogates different approaches to the history of infertility, including the potential of cross-disciplinary perspectives and the uses of different kinds of historical source material, and includes lists of research resources to aid teachers and researchers. It is an essential 'go-to' point for anyone interested in infertility and its history.--

Examining how the female body and lifecycle were constructed within 19th-century Scottish psychiatry, and the wider significance of such portrayals, this article situates the Period Products (Free Provision) (Scotland) Act within a much longer history that presents menstruation as a problem. We highlight the historical resonance of two prominent features of the Act and the debates leading to it: the enduring tension between views of menstruation as a normal versus a pathological process, and the perceived deleterious impact of menstruation upon female education and, by extension, women's status. By 1900, Scottish psychiatry had achieved professional status. Asylums were recognised as the officially approved response to madness, and mass institutionalisation allowed the medical profession unparalleled opportunities to observe, classify and treat those deemed insane. Madness as a 'female malady', with doctors portraying the female sex as more vulnerable to insanity in publications and clinical documentation, largely due to their reproductive system, has become a popular theme in historical scholarship. This article examines how 19th-century psychiatry depicted the biological 'crises' of the female lifecycle and the extent to which menstruation was conceptualised as a pathological process. The widely cited and prolific medical writer, Thomas Clouston—physician-superintendent of the Royal Edinburgh Asylum (1873–1908), Scotland's largest and most prestigious asylum—offers a particularly illuminating case study. An advocate of managing mental health holistically, Clouston advised society on healthy living through adherence to respectable Victorian standards. In his policing of social norms, he became a prominent spokesperson for limiting female education to protect women during the 'dangerous' transition from childhood to womanhood.

In July 2019, the UK Parliament voted by an overwhelming majority for fundamental reform of Northern Ireland's archaic abortion laws. Drawing on extensive archival resources and a small number of interviews, we locate this extraordinary political moment in a broader historical context. We explore the factors that blocked the possibility of reform in either Westminster or Stormont for over five decades, and consider what it was that had changed in 2019 to render it possible. While the measure passed in Westminster represents a radical rupture with the past, we suggest that it was anything other than sudden, rather representing the culmination of decades of sustained campaigning. We conclude by briefly discussing what this change is likely to mean for the future.

Environmental health is historically an overlooked and underrated discipline. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the value of environmental health and environmental health professionals (EHPs). EHPs have a unique set of skills and knowledge that were, or could have been, signifi cant in controlling the pandemic. This skill set includes a thorough understanding of legislation and regulations; the ability to conduct human health risk assessment and implement effective risk-control measures; enforcement, communication, and education skills; and a signifi cant understanding of their own local communities. The opportunities for applying the skills of EHPs vary across the world depending on several factors, including legislative and regulatory frameworks in each jurisdiction. Here we present our early evaluation of the unique skills and knowledge base of EHPs and lessons that can be learned from EHP engagement in public health protection. We also argue that local knowledge and engagement need to be recognized as valuable tools in emergency preparedness. In our increasingly globalized world, mechanisms to maintain and value local knowledge are needed, which could be achieved by embedding the "value of local" into policy to ensure that the importance and value of local knowledge are captured. We also advocate for raising awareness of the value of public health, and specifi cally, environmental health. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion