Suchergebnisse

Among the formal utterances which are embodied in the final act of the Second Peace Conference at The Hague three vœux, or expressions of opinion, are commended to the signatory powers. Two of these relate to the commercial and industrial relations between belligerent governments and neutral residents of belligerent or occupied territory; the third has to do with the preparation of a code of laws governing maritime warfare.

In the marked development which has recently taken place in aërial navigation, attention has not infrequently been directed to the practicability of "bombarding" fortified and unfortified places by dropping projectiles from balloons.

With a view to the systematic discussion of the questions inscribed upon its program, the membership of the conference was divided into four great committees, to each of which a related group of subjects was assigned for investigation with a view to the formulation of such stipulations as might be deemed worthy of insertion in a general convention.

The members of the congress of Vienna who, for the most part, directed the international politics of Europe for the first half of the nineteenth century, have never been accounted as exponents of liberal thought, or as the advocates of liberal policies. But it must be said in behalf of their narrow and, at times, reactionary statesmanship, that it kept the peace in western Europe during the period intervening between the battle of Waterloo, which terminated the military and political activity of the first Napoleon, and the appearance of his nephew in the rôle of a military commander in the Italian campaign of 1859. For the first time in recorded history it was given to the harassed inhabitants of the Rhine provinces to see a full half century of peace, and to enjoy so much as fifty years of fortunate and uninterrupted immunity from the hardships and sacrifices of war.

International law owes much to American
judges and to American jurists. The list of those
who have contributed to its advancement is not
short and includes the names of Marshall, Story
and Field, Kent, Wheaton, with his able
commentators, Dana and Lawrence, Halleck and
Lieber and, among recent writer's, Taylor, Moore
and Snow. Although his name is not connected with
a general treatise on the subject of public
international law, it may be doubted whether any
of his fellow-workers in that field have rendered
a more important service to humanity and to
international good neighborhood, than has Dr.
Francis Lieber in his memorable "Instructions for
the Government of the Armies of the United States
in the Field."

Military espionage has been regarded from time immemorial, in all countries and among all nations, as a military offense of great criminality. Its penalty is death by hanging. This is the common law of war. Some nations have by orders, decrees or municipal laws, defined what constitutes this offense and provided for the trial and punishment of the offender. It should be observed, however, that espionage, being an offense at the common law of war, punishable by death in a particular mode, a spy may be executed without any municipal law on the subject, and that municipal laws, in regard to espionage, are binding only upon the state which makes them; they form no part of the international code.

opinions of the judge-advocate general, and the manual for courts-martial. ; Appendices: A. The Prince Rupert articies. B. The British articles of 1874. C. The American articles of 1776. D. The amendments of 1786. E. The articles of 1806. F. Forms of charges. G. Forms of pleas, etc. H-L. Forms of record: General court-martial; Special court-martial; Summary court-martial; Retiring board; Board of examination. M. Form of return to the writ of habeas corpus. N. Miscellaneous forms. O. Maximum punishment order. P. Table of cross references to the army regulations, the digest of ; "List of authorities cited in the peparation of this work": p. xi-xiv. ; Total issue, four thousand. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Appendices: A. The Prince Rupert articies. B. The British articles of 1874. C. The American articles of 1776. D. The amendments of 1786. E. The articles of 1806. F. Forms of charges. G. Forms of pleas, etc. H-L. Forms of record: General court-martial; Special court-martial; Summary court-martial; Retiring board; Board of examination. M. Form of return to the writ of habeas corpus. N. Miscellaneous forms. O. Maximum punishment order. P. Table of cross references to the army regulations, the digest of opinions of the judge-advocate general, and the manual for courts-martial. ; "List of authorities cited in the preparation of this work": p. xi-xiv. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Includes index. ; "Third thousand." ; Bibliography: p. ix-xii. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Appendices: A. The Prince Rupert articles -- B. The British articles of 1774 -- C. The American articles of 1776 -- D. The amendments of 1786 -- E. The articles of 1806 -- F. Forms of charges -- G. Forms of pleas, etc. -- H-M. Forms of record; General court-martial; Summary court; Field-officer's court; Garrison and regimental courts; Retiring board; Board of examination -- N. Form of return to the writ of habeas corpus -- O. Miscellaneous form -- P. Maximum punishment order. ; "List of authorities cited": p. ix-xii. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Appendices: A. The Prince Rupert articles. B. The British articles of 1774. C. The American articles of 1776. D. The amendments of 1786. E. The articles of 1896. F. Forms of charges. G. Forms of pleas, etc. H-M. Forms of record; General court-martial; Summary court; Field-officer's court; Garrison and regimental courts; Retiring board; Board of examination. N. Form of return to the writ of habeas corpus. O. Miscellaneous forms. P. Maximum punishment order. ; "List of authorities cited": p. ix-xii. ; 1st thousand. ; Mode of access: Internet.

At head of title: War department. Office of the judge-advocate general. ; Mode of access: Internet.