Suchergebnisse

The aim of the article is to present the issues of the Russian revolutions, their course and effects in the Polish press published under the partitions, representing various ideological and political trends. Foreign dailies remained the source of information about the revolution. A review of press publications allowed us to determine what information reached the readers of the Polish press. The creators of the Polish press assumed the attitude of observers of political and social life. The influence of revolutionary events on the development of the situation in Poland was discussed. A review of press publications allowed us to determine what information reached the readers of the Polish press. The press content analysis method and qualitative analysis of the presented content were used.

The aim of the article is to present the issues of the Russian revolutions, their course and effects in the Polish press published under the partitions, representing various ideological and political trends. Foreign dailies remained the source of information about the revolution. A review of press publications allowed us to determine what information reached the readers of the Polish press. The creators of the Polish press assumed the attitude of observers of political and social life. The influence of revolutionary events on the development of the situation in Poland was discussed. A review of press publications allowed us to determine what information reached the readers of the Polish press. The press content analysis method and qualitative analysis of the presented content were used.

With aim to promote its political agendas and acquiring support the political opposition attempted to publish various types of journals. Such initiative was also taken by the democratic opposition activists who formed the Bratniak magazine at the end of 1977. The first issue of Bratniak came out in Gdańsk on 1st October 1977. A total number of thirty Bratniak issues of various volumes was published. The axiological pillar of the Bratniak's cycle was Catholicism. National values, including Catholic ones, were supported. The reflection upon the nation, its essence, future and prospects for growth was a part of broader thought of the Bratniak's cycle. The cycle drew from experience and tradition of the National Democratic Movement created at the end of the 19th century, and saw itself as the follower of the movement's values.

The subject of the analysis are reportage pieces published in the weekly Polityka, as part of the "With Your Own Eyes" cycle, appearing from the beginning of 2015 to 2019. Polityka is one of the longest-appearing opinion-forming weeklies nationwide in Poland. The magazine has an established reputation among readers, an unquestionable position on the publishing market and excellent journalistic traditions. In Polityka, reportage is a genre appreciated, promoted and having a permanent, significant place — both due to the excellent and long-lasting traditions as well as because this genre has had a special place in each issue in the form of a series entitled "With Your Own Eyes." This cycle can always be found by the reader in the same place in the weekly, at the end of each issue. In preparing the content of the article, a classic research method was used, which is the method of analyzing the content of the magazine.

The community periodicals had accompanied the creation process of the press system in the Polish territory since the end of the 19th century. The community dimension of the press relates to both its spatial scope and the concreteness of the publishing profile. The National Democracy press was a collection of periodicals characterised by their typological diversity, in which the world presented equalled reality of the readers. From its beginnings, the National Democracy treated press in a purely utilitarian manner, as a form of dissemination of political thought and the tool which supported the achievement of political goals. The press took a multifaceted part in the development of national democratic movement.

The diary is a "series of dated traces" which refers to the historical reality external to the writer and to the empirical person making the record. Diaries can be a report on everyday events, lyrical notes of feelings and emotions, a form of reflection on political, social, economic and cultural topics. The Dąbrowska Journal, recorded for fifty-one years, is a chronicle of the intellectual life of post-Yalta Poland, an abundant reporter of socio-political, cultural and literary events, a gallery of courts and opinions — often extreme and overbearing — an extremely sober diagnosis of relations between society and power. The uniqueness of the "Diaries" was that the author contained many details of intimate, everyday and political life. "Diaries" are a deep reflection on your own life and Poland. Dąbrowska was aware that she lived in a "police-totalitarian" system. Through journalistic prose, the author sent clear signals that she understands her contemporary political conditions and accurately assesses the surrounding world. Dąbrowska's diary survived as a testimony of the era, kept views and thoughts regarding the political reality of that time.

National Education and Educational Ideals in the Political Thought of the National Party (1928-1939)
In the period of the Second Polish Republic, educational issues constituted a subject matter of interest to Polish political thinkers. Nonetheless, such issues were often perceived differently by the diverse ideological and politicalfactions. According to such political entities, the interwar period was marked by the destabilisation of the previously existing social, political and cultural order, giving rise to a new reality. Visions of creating a "new," "better," more moral and socialised man began to appear in statements of almost all political circles. Such projections, however, entailed the rather disturbing prospect of far-reaching interference in the lives of all citizens, including their privacy. The postulate of changing the individual in order to meet the emerging "higher" objectives, social needs, and "lofty" principles, was put forward. The National Party developed a comprehensive educational programme. The aim of national education was to build a strong nation, and to prepare the society for an independent nation and functioning of the state. The principal categories of the National Party's political thought included work, creation, and action. The condition of Polish society was also thoroughly analysed, with the ideal Pole being depicted as a hard-working, thrifty, conscientious and diligent person, dedicated to the nation and affairs of the state. Active and constructive attitudes were widely promoted, along with social responsibility, readiness to make sacrifices, self-determination and subordination to the individuals responsible for the implemented goals. National education was expected to give rise to "a definite Polish type" that would embody the truly Polish character and indigenous values cultivated from generation to generation by the natively Polish population. Its emergence would be possible by imposing adequate discipline and hierarchy.

W dniu 14 czerwca 2018 r. na Wydziale Politologii UMCS odbyła się ogólnopolska konferencja naukowa zatytułowana "Muzyka polityczna: komunikowanie, kontestowanie, mobilizowanie", którą zorganizowali: Zakład Myśli Politycznej Wydziału Politologii UMCS, Zakład Systemów Politycznych Wydziału Politologii UMCS, Ludowe Towarzystwo Naukowo-Kulturalne Oddział w Lublinie.Wydarzenie zostało objęte Patronatem Honorowym Jego Magnificencji Rektora Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie, Prezydenta Miasta Lublin, lubelskiego oddziału Polskiego Towarzystwa Nauk Politycznych. Patronat medialny objęły lokalne stacje radiowe i akademickie, między innymi: Radio Świdnik, Telewizja Akademicka TV UMCS, Radio Centrum.

Zagadnienia związane z polityką międzynarodową polskiego państwa wzbudzały zainteresowanie czołowych działaczy Stronnictwa Narodowego, a zwłaszcza Romana Dmowskiego, Jędrzeja Giertycha, Stanisława Kozickiego, Joachima Bartoszewicza, Zygmunta Berezowskiego, Jerzego Drobnika, Zygmunta Wojciechowskiego. Szczególnie ważne miejsce w gronie specjalistów z zakresu problematyki międzynarodowej zajmował sam Roman Dmowski uznawany za utalentowanego znawcę zagadnień polityki zagranicznej. W gronie znawców spraw międzynarodowych istotne miejsce należy przypisać S. Kozickiemu, który w swoich rozważaniach wiele uwagi poświęcał zwłaszcza europejskim stosunkom międzynarodowym oraz relacjom polsko-niemieckim. Pod koniec lat 30. XX wieku wielu "starych" SN dążyło do poszukiwania porozumienia z centrowymi ugrupowaniami antysanacyjnymi, co zbliżało ich do Frontu Morges i gen. Władysława Sikorskiego. Liderami tej grupy byli Marian Seyda, mający olbrzymie wpływy w poznańskiej endecji oraz prof. Roman Rybarski. Inną grupę działaczy, zdaniem jej lidera Jędrzeja Giertycha, najmłodszą – charakteryzował radykalizm ideologiczny i niechęć do sojuszy, tak z opozycją demokratyczną, jak i z obozem sanacyjnym. "Starych" i najmłodszych radykałów zdominował w strukturach organizacyjnych nurt trzeci, reprezentowany przez Bieleckiego.

A reflection on the nation, its essence and function formed the key motivation in the National Party's political thought. The Polish nation was treated subjectively, and the principle of a hierarchical nation organisation was disseminated. In the works by the National Party ideologists, the idea of the nation presented a strong emotional potential, closely related to a moral aspect. It was invariably proclaimed that the nation was a spiritual body. The National Party theorists were convinced that the national idea added real meaning to all forms of a person's functioning. The Party members viewed the nation as such an important and priority issue that any indifferent personal approach towards the nation was considered unacceptable. It can be noted that, contrary to previous statements, typical of "the early nationalism" (at the turn of the 20th century), the nation was no longer treated as the absolute, but rather it was viewed through the prism of its relation to God and the world of transcendental values. It was usually considered a kind of family, and a unique metaphysical being, with a strong emphasis placed on the spiritual and moral form of the nation.

A reflection on the nation, its essence and function formed the key motivation in the National Party's political thought. The Polish nation was treated subjectively, and the principle of a hierarchical nation organisation was disseminated. In the works by the National Party ideologists, the idea of the nation presented a strong emotional potential, closely related to a moral aspect. It was invariably proclaimed that the nation was a spiritual body. The National Party theorists were convinced that the national idea added real meaning to all forms of a person's functioning. The Party members viewed the nation as such an important and priority issue that any indifferent personal approach towards the nation was considered unacceptable. It can be noted that, contrary to previous statements, typical of "the early nationalism" (at the turn of the 20th century), the nation was no longer treated as the absolute, but rather it was viewed through the prism of its relation to God and the world of transcendental values. It was usually considered a kind of family, and a unique metaphysical being, with a strong emphasis placed on the spiritual and moral form of the nation.