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7 p. ; Title transliterated from Greek. ; Reproduction of original in Harvard University Libraries.

One of Richelieu's objectives upon ascending to government office was to ruin the Huguenots. Accordingly, in 1625, the government was again at war with the Huguenots at Montauban. This pamphlet details this second defeat suffered by the Protestants at Montauban. ; Electronic reproduction ; 12, [2] p. ; 17 cm.

A comment on Carl Schmitt's "Theory of the Partisan" (2004 [1963]) notes the prophetic nature of his claim that the evolution of partisan wars from the 18th to the 20th century transformed the "real enemy into a foe" & turned irregular wars into more radical types of enmity. However, Schmitt's contention that modern partisanship began with Spanish guerilleros who waged an irregular war against the state needs to be modified in light of the fact the French army was a popular army consisting mostly of draftees. The partisan's tendency to turn hostility into a defensive instrument is discussed. It is emphasized that Schmitt did not relate the concept of regularity as much to a norm as to both an institution & an ordering. Other issues discussed include differences between Schmitt's conception of the absolute character of political engagement/hostility & the hostility derived from religion that characterizes Al Qaeda; his pessimism about new types of enmity; & his correct assessment of the outcome of new irregular wars. J. Lindroth

The Italian government's attempts to establish political legitimacy during the 1990s are investigated. An overview of Italy's post-WWII governments is presented, emphasizing that Italy's postwar regimes never realized complete political legitimacy. It is contended that the outcome of the 1992 parliamentary elections, in which no political party achieved a majority, exacerbated tensions between conservatives & reformers, & widened the divide between political officials & their constituents. After discussing the bureaucratic nature of Italy's government, it is maintained that this bureaucratic system is not accountable to public will. Furthermore, it is claimed that the bureaucracy is partially responsible for the persistence of pro-communist parties in contemporary Italy. Noting that the 2001 parliamentary elections effectively reintroduced political legitimacy to the Italian state by confirming a majority party accountable to majority public will, it is stressed that Italy must immediately address certain difficulties that could threaten the current regime's legitimacy, eg, reconfiguring the bureaucracy from a ruling power to one that supports the nation's legitimate political authorities. J. W. Parker

An exploration of recent changes in the nature of war & national sovereignty draws on Carl Schmitt's The Nomos of the Earth in the International Law of the Jus (2003), to explore recent changes in national sovereignty & the nature of war. Schmitt contends that the domination of land, sea, & airspace have been drastically altered, & new forms of war/domination have changed relations between protection & obedience, as well as between structures of political (& social) power. The distinction between internal & external is examined, along with factors that affect a spatial order's potential for appropriation, distribution, & production; the impact of new military organizations; & "new terrorism" air attacks that blur internal-external distinctions. It is argued that the failure of air war & terrorism to recognize "lines" negates the enclosures needed for humanizing war & the avoidance of "absolute war." Special attention is given to consequences of the current situation for the form/organization of political entities, & how new types of hostility can modify the nomos of the earth. J. Lindroth