Suchergebnisse

In 'Every 90 Seconds', Anne P. DePrince argues that to end violence against women, we must fundamentally redefine how we engage with it - starting by abandoning the idea that such acts are a problem involving only those who abuse or are abused. Instead, DePrince explains how violence against women is inextricably linked to other issues that stoke our greatest passions, including healthcare and education, immigration, economic security, criminal justice reform, and gun control.

This study examined methodological and individual difference factors in relation to perceived benefits and cost-benefit ratios among adult participants in trauma-related research. In two samples ( N's = 72 and 118), ethnically-diverse community participants completed trauma-related questionnaires plus an in-depth interview. In separate community ( N = 213) and undergraduate ( N = 130) samples, participants completed trauma-related questionnaires, but no interviews. Participants rated their perceptions of the research process using the Response to Research Participation Questionnaire (RRPQ). Cost-benefit ratios were favorable in all samples. The research procedures (questionnaires only versus questionnaires plus interviews) explained unique variance in RRPQ scale scores and cost-benefit ratios, as did trauma-related distress. Implications of these findings for developing trauma research protocols are discussed.

Growing body of research demon-strates that participants generally report favorable perceptions of participating in trauma research. However, questions remain on the long-term impact of asking at-risk youth about trauma in settings where such questions are unexpected. Perceptions of participation were examined in the current longitudinal study comprising a sample of adolescent girls recruited from the child welfare system to participate in a healthy relationship project. Over a year, teens (n = 180) completed four research sessions during which they were interviewed about interpersonal trauma exposure and trauma-related symptoms. Results indicated that adolescents reported stable, favorable benefit-to-cost ratios over time. Perceptions of research participation and symptom severity did not impact retention.

We examine motivations for, and costs/benefits of, participation in three interviews across a one-year period among women recently exposed to intimate partner abuse (IPA). Recruited from publicly accessible police reports, women were not informed that the study focused on IPA in recruiting materials or when they scheduled the first interview. Women's ratings on the Response to Research Participation Questionnaire (RRPQ) indicated a positive benefit-to-cost ratio across all three interviews. Negative responses to participation as well as severity of IPA and PTSD symptoms did not predict retention at the next interview. These data demonstrate that studies asking about IPA experiences, even when survivors do not know in advance that IPA will be the focus of study, can be implemented within a stable benefit-to-cost ratio over time.

The purpose of this study was to elucidate possible cognitive mechanisms involved in the intergenerational transmission of trauma from maltreatment-survivor mothers to their toddler/preschool-aged children. This study investigated whether maternal trauma–related cognitions—posttrauma appraisals and disorganized memory for maltreatment—were associated with higher levels of toddler internalizing and externalizing symptoms and more dysfunction in the mother–child relationship. A community sample of mothers with histories of maltreatment and a child between the ages of 2 and 5 years was recruited for a study on maternal attachment, coping, and health ( N = 113). Path analysis results showed that posttrauma appraisals and disorganized memory were significantly related to toddler internalizing symptoms, even with maternal trauma symptoms included in the model. Maternal posttrauma appraisals and disorganized memory were also linked to more dysfunction in the mother–child relationship. These findings provide preliminary evidence in support of maternal trauma–related cognitions as potential mechanisms for the intergenerational transmission of trauma.

Using the reactions to research Participation Questionnaire for Children (RRPQ-C), this study examined perceptions of research participation among 181 school-aged children with and without trauma histories. As part of two larger studies, children completed non-trauma related tasks to assess emotion understanding and cognitive ability. Parents (and not children) reported on children's interpersonal (e.g., sexual abuse, physical abuse, witnessing domestic violence, witnessing community violence) and non-interpersonal (e.g., motor vehicle accidents, medical traumas, natural disasters) trauma exposure. Children's perceptions of costs and benefits of research participation and understanding of informed consent did not vary as a function of trauma exposure. The number of traumatic events experienced was unrelated to children's perceptions. Furthermore, children across trauma-exposure groups generally reported a positive cost-benefit ratio, and understanding of the consent information. Implications of these data are discussed.