Suchergebnisse

Part One: The Research Settings,Methodology and Theoretical Frameworks. - Introduction 1. - Chapter One: Setting the Context and Methodological Frameworks 3. - 1.1 The Problematic of Protected Areas Conservation 3. - A Point of Departure 20. - 1.2 Research Questions 25. - 1.3 Methodological Frameworks 26. - 1.4 Actor-Oriented Approach as Analytical Concept 46. - 1.5 Ethical Considerations 48. - 1.6 Structure of the Work 50. - Chapter Two: Conceptual and Theoretical Frameworks 53. - 2.1 Conceptual Frameworks 53. - 2.2 Theoretical Frameworks 56. - Chapter Three: The Study Area,the People and their Relations to the Land 95. - 3.1 The Study Area 95. - 3.2 The People and their Land 98. - 3.3 The Establishment of State Farm and Arba Minch Town: State expansion to the Periphery 134. - Part Two: Political Ecology of Nature Conservation. - Introduction 139. - Chapter Four: The Exportation of National Park Ideals to Africa 141. - Introduction 141. - 4.1 The Countryside Ideal and 'Wilderness' Conservation 143. - 4.2 Colonial Legacies and Post-colonial Dynamics in Conservation Discourses 162. - 4.3 Center-Periphery Relations ỉn Ethiopia and the Establishment of Nech Sar National Park 170. - Chapter Five: Ethnic Federalism and Contested Spaces in Ethiopia: Situating the Nech Sar National Park in the Political Discourse 191. - Introduction 191. - 5.1 The Reconfiguration of the Periphery within the New Political Order 192. - 5.2 The Lived Reality of the New Political Order (mixed results) 201. - 5.3 Ethnic Federalism and Community Voices in the Periphery 209. - 5.4 The Experience from the Nech Sar National Park 214. - 5.5 Extending the Nech Sar Case beyond Local Contexts 231. - Part Three: The Nech Sar National Park: An Arena of Contestation/Negotiation on Nature-Culture Relations. - Introduction 237. - Chapter Six: The Ethiopian State: Conservationist, 'Developmental' or Encroacher? 241. - 6.1 Situating the Conservation-Development Debate within the Identity of the Ethiopian 'St

AbstractThe politics of ethnicity was formally institutionalised in Ethiopia in 1991 with the introduction of ethnic federalism. This study deals with emerging ethnic identities and the dynamics of the inter‐ethnic relationship between the Guji and Burji peoples in south Ethiopia. The article argues that, following the enunciation of ethnicity as a leading political order in 1991, identities have been articulated in such a way that past historical incidents and memories have been reactivated and old labels have been redefined by ethnic entrepreneurs for various motives. This promotes (re)construction of ethnic identities and inter‐group polarisation. In the Guji–Burji case, it is this fragile relationship that is easily changed into inter‐ethnic conflict as a result of competing interests over resources. The article concludes that while the cause of the current Guji–Burji conflict is primarily economic in nature, it took on an ethnic dimension within the context of politicised ethnic identities that hardened group boundaries. Synchronising past relationships – both conflicting and harmonious – with the contemporary scenario, the article tries to shed some light on the dynamics of the Guji–Burji relationship, focusing particularly on the post‐1991 political order in Ethiopia and its local implications.

Frontier making in Ethiopia has historical roots from the formation of the modern Ethiopian state in the late-19th century through wars of conquest. The conquest, which was inspired by political and economic motivations of the highland Christian kingdom, used the notion of a "civilizing mission"—civilizing the "backward" and "underdeveloped" people, and "underutilized" spaces—through imposition of an imperial state system and Orthodox Christianity. The foundation and horizontal expansion of Addis Ababa or Finfinne by displacing Indigenous inhabitants was part of the state building project under successive regimes. Over the last century and a half, the city has continued its unchecked expansion in a process involving multilayered actors whose interests overlapped in terms of grabbing the land they considered "underutilized." More specifically, the last three decades evince commoditization of farmlands, grazing areas, and cultural and sacred spaces through land lease, which eventually dissolve existing customary systems, values, and practices. This paper critically analyzes the dynamics of frontier making in or from Addis Ababa or Finfinne, the political economy behind such unchecked frontier expansion and how it activated the power of resistance in 2014. The paper concludes that frontier making in or from Addis Ababa through dispossession of Oromo farmers has been part of the broader political establishment in Ethiopia and should be viewed within the same lens.

Abstract
Indigenous African knowledge of building and maintaining peace is not well known and has not been much used in the dominant modern mechanisms of conflict resolution. With the aim of addressing this limitation, this article analyzes the broader conceptualization of peace and peace building among the Guji-Oromo in southern Ethiopia. The Guji-Oromo are keenly aware that their existence as a society depends on the maintenance of peace (nagaa) among them as a community and between them and God as well as between them and their natural and human environments. They believe that peace is not a free gift, because maintaining it requires continuous and earnest negotiation, social actions, and cooperation among many stakeholders who possess political, cultural, and spiritual powers. The article further argues that the Guji-Oromo conceptualize peace beyond the conventional understandings that position it as the absence of conflict or warfare. Rather, for the Guji, peace is broadly understood as a continuous flow of relationships between the people and their human and nonhuman environments. The article shows that Guji's conceptions of peace are not static; rather, they are subject to internal and external influences that shape how different members of the society conceptualize it and the way it is maintained.