Suchergebnisse

Introduction --. - Terrorism and hostage taking --. - Patriarch Sfair : the conscience of Lebanon --. - The anti-Syrian opposition movement gathers strength --. - The Cedar Revolution --. - The unholy alliance versus the Cedar Revolution --. - Hezbollah provokes a war with Israel : July 12- August 14, 2006 --. - The international Special Tribunal for Lebanon --. - A growing opposition to Hezbollah and Amal in the Shi'ite community --. - The Lebanese army defeats the terrorist organization Fatah al-Islam --. - Hezbollah uses force against Saad al-Hariri and Walid Jumblatt in Beirut and Mount Lebanon --. - The parliamentary elections of June 2009 and the Saad al-Hariri Cabinet --. - The indictment of leading Hezbollah members in the assassination of former Prime Minister Rafic Hariri --. - The revolution in Syria --. - Iran and Hezbollah are actively supporting the al-Assad regime --. - President al-Assad continues his terrorist war on Lebanon --. - Conclusion

The author examines how the political ideologies and in particular their concepts of property in the Libyan and South Yemen regimes are rooted only to some degree in their respective social structures, and how in turn those very ideologies are instrumental in transforming the social structures of the societies that adopted them. (DÜI-Hns)

The study of political leaders within the major sectarian communities in Lebanon (Shia, Sunnis, Druze, Christians) shows that a majority of the aqtab (leading political bosses) and fa'aliyat (wider circle of local, regional and new leaders) share common interests, and that the differences in their views on the three basic issues of state sovereignity, political reform and national identity are not unbridgeable. (DÜI-Hns)

Bis zur Machtübernahme Hafiz al-Asads 1970 bestand ein relativ friedliches Nebeneinander Syriens mit dem Libanon, da Syrien große innenpolitische Probleme hatte. Asads Bestreben, sich in der Nachfolge Nassers als panarabischer Führer zu profilieren, führte auch zu Spannungen mit dem Libanon (vgl. Tabelle der kriegerischen Auseinandersetzungen im Libanon mit syrischer Beteiligung von 1976 bis 1984), indem er rivalisierende Gruppen unterstützte und eine arabische Einheit gegen Israel verhinderte, um seinen Einfluß im Libanon zu stärken. (DÜI-Hlr)

The Lebanese conflict has gone through a number of phases, each with its own rationale, incorporating different issues and at times different players. Throughout there were attempts on both the domestic and the external level to find a solution to what was plaguing the country and eroding its political and social institutions. This article examines three major attempts at resolving the Lebanese conflict when the representatives of the domestic factions sat together and came up with formulae that appeared to address everyone's concerns. The process of multilateral negotiations, the asymmetrical structures of those negotiations, the ripe moment for negotiating, the role of external mediators, and the whole issue of the valid spokesman are analyzed within a theoretical framework based on I. William Zartman's model of government-insurgency negotiations.

THE LEBANESE CONFLICT WENT THROUGH A NUMBER OF PHASES, EACH WITH ITS OWN RATIONALE, INCORPORATING DIFFERENT ISSUES AND AT TIMES DIFFERENT PLAYERS. THROUGHOUT, THERE WERE ATTEMPTS ON BOTH THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL LEVELS TO FIND A SOLUTION TO WHAT WAS PLAGUING THE COUNTRY AND ERODING ITS POLITICAL AND SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS. THIS ARTICLE STUDIES THREE MAJOR ATTEMPTS AT RESOLVING THE LEBANESE CONFLICT WHEN THE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE DOMESTIC FACTIONS MET AND CAME UP WITH FORMULAE THAT APPEARED TO ADDRESS EVERYONE'S CONCERNS. THE PROCESS OF MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS, THE ASYMMETRICAL STRUCTURES OF THOSE NEGOTIATIONS, THE RIPE MOMENT FOR NEGOTIATING, THE ROLE OF EXTERNAL MEDIATORS, AND THE ISSUE OF THE VALID SPOKESMAN ARE ANALYZED WITHIN A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK BASED ON I. WILLIAM ZARTMAN'S MODEL OF GOVERNMENT-INSURGENCY NEGOTIATIONS.