Suchergebnisse

Using six years of firm-level data covering 224 regions of the enlarged European Union, we evaluate the importance to a firm of locating its activities (production, headquarters, R&D, logistics and sales) close together. We find that, after controlling for regional characteristics, being closely located to a previous investment positively affects firm location choice. However, the impact of distance is dependent on the type of investment (production or service). While within-firm co-location is important for both service and production activities, only production plants are likely to be located close to prior production investments. In this latter case, national borders have a surprisingly positive effect, increasing the probability of choosing a nearby location, but on the other side of the border.

Abstract Using six years of firm‐level data covering 224 regions of the enlarged European Union, we evaluate the importance to a firm of locating its activities (production, headquarters, R&D, logistics and sales) close together. We find that, after controlling for regional characteristics, being closely located to a previous investment positively affects firm location choice. However, the impact of distance is dependent on the type of investment (production or service). The impact dies out faster for service activities. Finally, we show that a surprisingly positive effect comes from locating a new production plant close to an existing production investment, but in another country.

Using six years of firm-level data covering 224 regions of the enlarged European Union, we evaluate the importance to a firm of locating its activities (production, headquarters, R&D, logistics and sales) close together. We find that, after controlling for regional characteristics, being closely located to a previous investment positively affects firm location choice. However, the impact of distance is dependent on the type of investment (production or service). While within-firm co-location is important for both service and production activities, only production plants are likely to be located close to prior production investments. In this latter case, national borders have a surprisingly positive effect, increasing the probability of choosing a nearby location, but on the other side of the border.

Résumé Dans cet article, nous nous proposons d'analyser le processus de fragmentation de la chaîne de valeur des firmes multinationales en Europe de l'Ouest et dans les nouveaux pays ayant accédé en 2004 à l'Union européenne. À partir d'un logit conditionnel et d'un logit mixte, nous considérons les déterminants de la localisation des différentes fonctions de production et de services des firmes multinationales. Pour cela, nous utilisons des données individuelles de firmes, comprenant près de 11 000 projets sur la période 1997-2002, indiquant à la fois le secteur et le type d'activités de l'investissement réalisé. Au-delà des caractéristiques propres aux pays, nous mettons en avant la notion de spécialisation fonctionnelle. Nous mettons également en lumière l'importance de la co-localisation intra-groupes relative aux relations verticales entre les différentes séquences de la chaîne de valeur.