Suchergebnisse

Objective: This paper analyzes some of the problems with error counting as well as the difficulty of proposing viable alternatives. Background: Counting and tabulating negatives (e.g., errors) are currently popular ways to measure and help improve safety in a variety of domains. They uphold an illusion of rationality and control but may offer neither real insight nor productive routes for improving safety. Method: The paper conducts a critical analysis of assumptions underlying error counting in human factors. Results: Error counting is a form of structural analysis that focuses on (supposed) causes and consequences; it defines risk and safety instrumentally in terms of minimizing negatives and their measurable effects. In this way, physicians can be proven to be 7500 times less safe than gun owners, as they are responsible for many more accidental deaths. Conclusion: The appeal of error counting may lie in a naive realism that can enchant researchers and practitioners alike. Supporting facts will continue to be found by those looking for errors through increasingly refined methods. Application: The paper outlines a different approach to understanding safety in complex systems that is more socially and politically oriented and that places emphasis on interpretation and social construction rather than on putatively objective structural features.

ResumenLas métricas de la seguridad laboral basadas en la accidentabilidad, como la tasa total de frecuencia de accidentes registrables, presentan deficiencias bien documentadas. Un bajo nivel de siniestralidad no exime de responsabilidades jurídicas. La seguridad, entendida como presencia de capacidades para que las cosas salgan bien, concuerda con el concepto jurisprudencial de diligencia debida del empleador. Los autores de este artículo proponen un índice que engloba ambos elementos, midiendo las capacidades de adquirir y mantener conocimientos sobre seguridad, comprender la naturaleza de las operaciones, destinar recursos para la seguridad, responder a los riesgos, demostrar la colaboración y la conformidad, y ofrecer garantías.