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I consider the point of view of an economic reformer aiming at improving social welfare in a currently monopolized labour-managed industry. I show that giving some tiny weight to output ti.e., consumere' surplus) in the original maximand may result in an outcome socially superior to those resulting from (partial or complete) privatization and/or liberalization.

Il titolo dato a questo saggio - preparato per un volume intitolato Imprese e mercati - richiede forse qualche spiegazione. Una catena di argomentazioni che colleghi, per induzione all'indietro, il volume che ospita questo saggio e quello di Schelling (1960) è la seguente. La moderna teoria microeconomica dei mercati non concorenziali - come ben testimoniano due recentissimi manuali quali quelli di Tirole (1998) e di Grillo e Silva (1989) - è imperniata sulla teoria dei giochi.

Most of the existing literature on the relationshipbetween market structure and technological competition may be classified according to the way in which the following features are modelled: (i) type of R&D competition; (ii) number of types of players; (iii) number of stages of the game.

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the impact of cooperative firms on the patterns of regional economic resilience in Italy from 2008 to 2019.


Design/methodology/approach
This study uses regional statistics to compute indices of resilience for both real GDP per capita and employment during both recovery and resistance periods. By means of a linear model, the authors investigate the relationships between indices of resilience and the cooperative presence, while controlling for a set of demographic, social and economic variables.


Findings
This study shows that during (and after) recessions such regional indices exhibit very different patterns, with notably poorer performance observed in Southern regions compared to the rest of the country. Furthermore, this study illustrates that the size of the cooperative employment improves the overall resilience of regional employment, especially during recovery periods.


Social implications
The findings hint at policies enhancing the strength and scope of the cooperative movement as a driver of territorial resilience.


Originality/value
To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study in relating territorial resilience and the presence of a type of companies. This study performs the analysis at the regional level regarding cooperative enterprises. The new findings hint at some policies enhancing the strength and scope of the cooperative movement.

ABSTRACTIs socially efficient taxation conducive to the win‐win solution associated with the strong version of the Porter Hypothesis? Using a Bertrand duopoly yielding a continuum of Nash equilibria, we show that this is true for almost any level of environmental damage and equilibrium pricing strategy. We also prove that the only case in which no conflict arises between private and public incentives is where firms price at marginal cost. This finding suggests that coordination between environmental and competition authorities would be highly desirable.

We investigate the relationship between market concentration and industry innovative effort within a familiar two-stage model of R&D race in which firms compete à la Cournot in the product market. With the help of numerical simulations, we show that such a setting is rich enough to generate Arrovian, Schumpeterian and inverted-U curves. We interpret these different patterns on the basis of the relative strength of the technological incentive and the strategic incentive.