Suchergebnisse

Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. N.C.-I. is a recipient of the Juan de la Cierva Formación Programme. E.M.Y-S is a recipient of the Nicolás Monardes Programme (C1-0005–2019, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Junta de Andalucía, Spain). A.P.A-L is supported by a Río-Hortega Programme (Instituto de Salud Carlos III). The CORDIOPREV study is supported by the Fundacion Patrimonio Comunal Olivarero. The sponsor was not involved in the design or carrying out the study, and its participation was limited to funding and providing the olive oil used in the study. CORDIOPREV trial also received additional funding from CITOLIVA, CEAS, Junta de Andalucia (Consejeria de Salud, Consejeria de Agricultura y Pesca, Consejeria de Innovacion, Ciencia y Empresa), Diputaciones de Jaen y Cordoba, Centro de Excelencia en Investigacion sobre Aceite de Oliva y Salud and Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Medio Rural y Marino and the Spanish Government. It was also partly supported by research grants from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (AGL2009-122270 to J L-M, FIS PI10/01041 to P. P.-M, FIS PI13/00023 to J. D.-L); Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (AGL2012/39615 to J L-M); Consejeria de Salud, Junta de Andalucia (PI0193/09 to J. L.-M, PI-0252/09 to J. D.-L, and PI-0058/10 to P. P.-M, PI-0206–2013 to A. G.-R); Proyecto de Excelencia, Consejería de Economía, Innovación, Ciencia y Empleo (CVI-7450 to J. L.-M). ; Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of disease burden in the world by non-communicable diseases. Nutritional interventions promoting high-quality dietary patterns with low caloric intake value and high nutrient density (ND) could be linked to a better control of CVD risk and recurrence of coronary disease. This study aims to assess the efects of a dietary intervention based on MedDiet or Low-Fat dietary intervention over changes in ND and food intake after 1 and 7 years of follow-up of the CORDIOPREV study. Methods We prospectively analyzed the results of the 802 coronary patients randomized to two healthy dietary patterns (MedDiet=425, Low-Fat Diet=377) who completed the 7 years of follow-up and had all the dietary data need. Dietary intake information obtained from a validated 137-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to calculate 1- and 7-year changes in dietary intake and ND (measured as nutrient intake per 1000 kcal). T test was used to ascertain diferences in food intake and ND between groups across follow-up time. Within-subject (dietary allocation group) diferences were analyzed with ANOVA repeated measures. Results From baseline to 7 years of follow-up, signifcant increases of vegetables, fruits, and whole cereals within groups (p<0.001) was found. We found a higher increase in dietary intake of certain food groups with MedDiet in comparison with Low-Fat Diet for vegetables (46.1 g/day vs. 18.1 g/day, p<00.1), fruits (121.3 g/day vs. 72.9 g/day), legumes (4.3 g/day vs. 0.16 g/day) and nuts (7.3 g/day vs. − 3.7 g/day). There was a decrease in energy intake over time in both groups, slightly higher in Low-Fat Diet compared to MedDiet group (− 427.6 kcal/day vs. − 279.8 kcal/day at 1st year, and − 544.6 kcal/ day vs. − 215.3 kcal/day after 7 years of follow-up). ND of all the nutrients increased within group across follow-up time, except for Saturated Fatty Acids (SFA), cholesterol and sodium (p<0.001). Conclusions A comprehensive dietary intervention improved quality of diet, reducing total energy intake and increasing the intake of healthy food groups and overall ND after 1 year and maintaining this trend after 7 years of follow-up. Our results reinforce the idea of the participation in trials, enhance nutrition literacy and produces better nutritional outcomes in adult patients with established CVD. Clinical trial registry The trial was registered in 2009 at ClinicalTrials.gov (number NCT00924937) ; CITOLIVA ; Centro de Excelencia en Investigacion sobre Aceite de Oliva y Salud ; Consejeria de Agricultura y Pesca ; Consejeria de Innovacion ; Consejeria de Salud ; Consejeria de Salud, Junta de Andalucia PI-0058/10, PI-0206–2013, PI-0252/09, PI0193/09 ; Consejería de Economía, Innovación, Ciencia y Empleo CVI-7450 ; Diputaciones de Jaen y Cordoba ; Fundacion Patrimonio Comunal Olivarero ; Medio Rural y Marino ; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion AGL2009-122270, FIS PI10/01041, FIS PI13/00023 ; Spanish Government ; Center for East Asian Studies, Stanford University ; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad AGL2012/39615 ; Instituto de Salud Carlos III ; Ministério do Meio Ambiente ; Junta de Andalucía

This prospective study evaluated whether baseline cholesterol efflux is associated with future development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in cardiovascular patients. We measured cholesterol efflux in all CORDIOPREV study (NCT00924937) participants free of T2DM at baseline (n = 462) and assessed its relationship with T2DM incidence during a 4.5 years of follow-up. Cholesterol efflux was quantified by incubation of cholesterol-loaded THP-1 cells with the participants' apoB-depleted plasma. Disposition index was estimated as beta-cell function indicator. During follow-up 106 individuals progressed to T2DM. The cholesterol efflux/apoA-1 ratio was inversely associated with T2DM development independently of traditional risk factors (model-1, OR: 0.647, 95%CI: 0.495-0.846), and after additional adjustment for glycaemic parameters (model-2, OR: 0.670, 95%CI: 0.511-0.878). When cumulative incidence of diabetes was analysed by quartiles of cholesterol efflux/apoA-I, incidence of T2DM was reduced by 54% in subjects who were in the higher cholesterol efflux/apoA-I quartile compared to subjects in the lowest quartile (p = 0.018 and p = 0.042 for model-1 and 2). Moreover, participants who were in the higher cholesterol efflux/apoA-I presented significantly higher disposition index (β = 0.056, SE = 0.026; p = 0.035). In conclusion, HDL-cholesterol efflux normalised to apoA-I was inversely associated with T2DM development in cardiovascular patients. This association was independent of several T2DM risk factors, and may be related to a preserved beta-cell function. ; The authors would like to thank Veronica de Dios and Lorena Crespo of the Department of BiochemistryResearch, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria (IRYCIS), for technical assistance. The authors also thank the volunteers who participated in the study. The present study was supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Spain (AGL2012/39615 and AGL2015-67896-P to J.L.-M.) and by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spain (PI11/2077 to D.G.-C., PIE14/00005 to J.L.-M., PI13/00023 to J.D.-L. and PIE 14/00031 to CIBEROBN). It was also partly supported by a research grant from the European Commission (NUTRITECH European Integrated Project-289511). The CORDIOPREV study is supported by the Fundacion Patrimonio Comunal Olivarero. We also received additional funding from CITOLIVA, CEAS, Junta de Andalucia (Consejeria de Salud, Consejeria de Agricultura y Pesca, Consejeria de Innovacion, Ciencia y Empresa), Diputaciones de Jaen y Cordoba, Centro de Excelencia en Investigacion sobre Aceite de Oliva y Salud and Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Medio Rural y Marino and the Spanish Government. The study was also co-financed by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER). The CIBEROBN is an initiative of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. The U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (ARS), under Agreement No. 58-1950-4-003 to J.M.O. The CNIC is supported by Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Spain, and the Pro-CNIC Foundation, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad award SEV-2015-0505). R.B.-R. is supported by an ISCIII postdoctoral research contract (Sara Borrell). ; Sí