Suchergebnisse

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship of personal motivational goals and the corresponding occupational characteristics of volunteer, work-related activities in retirement with life and work satisfaction.Design/methodology/approach– Fully retired individuals working for a non-profit organization in their former professional career field on a non-paid basis were surveyed using an online survey (n=661) to assess their motivational goals, the occupational characteristics of their projects, and satisfaction with life and work.Findings– Results suggested that post-retirement volunteer workers differentiated between perceived life and work satisfaction. The motives of achievement, appreciation, autonomy, contact, and generativity significantly directly affected life satisfaction and indirectly affected work satisfaction. Occupational characteristics assessing achievement, appreciation, autonomy, contact, and generativity had direct effects on work satisfaction but not on life satisfaction except for occupational autonomy.Research limitations/implications– The study was cross-sectional and based on self-report data of highly educated German retirees working in volunteer professional positions, thus potentially limiting the generalizability of findings.Practical implications– Organizations should enable post-retirement volunteer workers to meet their motivation goals by designing work opportunities to fulfill the motivational goals of achievement, appreciation, autonomy, contact, and generativity.Social implications– Post-retirement activities possess the potential to help solve societal problems by countering the shortage of specialists and managers at the same time that the burden on social security systems is reduced.Originality/value– The paper presents evidence that different personal motivational goals and occupational characteristics are important in post-retirement activities. The findings imply that work designs created for post-retirement activities should provide a variety of occupational characteristics, such as occupational achievement and appreciation.

AbstractThe present three studies focused on the development and validation of a multifaceted measure of organizational practices for the aging workforce, the Later Life Workplace Index (LLWI). The first study developed a comprehensive item pool based on expert interview evidence from Germany and the United States. Two further studies among workers across industries in Germany (N = 609, N = 349) provided psychometric evidence. The LLWI comprises nine distinct domains of organizational practices for the aging workforce, namely an age-friendly organizational climate and leadership style, certain work design characteristics, health management, individual development opportunities, knowledge management, the design of the retirement transition, continued employment opportunities, and health and retirement coverage. The final LLWI consists of 80 items in total. In addition, the studies demonstrated that the LLWI measures correlated with older workers' work outcomes such as stress level, workability, person-organization fit, and post-retirement work intentions in meaningful ways. Applications for the LLWI in research and practice are discussed.

Abstract
Research on the effectiveness of age-friendly organizational practices tends to focus on older employees' perceptions of these. Drawing on perceptual congruence and psychological contract theory, we hypothesize that leaders' perceptions of these organizational practices are relevant as well. Specifically, we argue that (dis)agreement between leaders' and older employees' perceptions (i.e., perceptual (in)congruence) of organizational practices related to age-friendly organizational climate, management, and work design plays a role in older employees' well-being. Polynomial regression and response surface analysis were applied to a dyadic sample of 484 older employees and their leaders from 100 diverse organizations. Results reveal that leader-employee perceptual congruence on high levels of perceived age-friendly work design was related to higher employee well-being. By contrast, older employees' well-being was lower when leaders evaluated the three age-friendly organizational practices higher than their older employees. Our findings suggest that further theoretical consideration of the role of leader-employee perceptual (in)congruence for aging workforces is needed, and that scholars and organizations should acknowledge the relevance and interplay of different stakeholders' perceptions within an organization.

AbstractResearch on measures for organizational practices targeted toward older employees has grown during the past decade. However, existing measures tend to capture the construct with unidimensional scales, use single-item operationalizations, or focus on specific domains. Thus, the Later Life Workplace Index (LLWI) was developed to serve as a multidimensional framework for measuring organizational practices for the aging workforce. The LLWI covers 9 domains, namely organizational climate, leadership, work design, health management, individual development, knowledge management, transition to retirement, continued employment after retirement, and health and retirement coverage. The index has recently been operationalized and validated in Germany. Given that the quantitative evidence for the framework is limited to Germany so far, we aimed to translate and validate an English version of the LLWI using a sample of older U.S. employees (N = 279). Findings regarding the psychometric properties of the measure are presented, supporting the domain level factor structure through confirmatory factor analyses, but revealing some redundancy among the items for the overall 9 domain factor structure. Multigroup factor analyses comparing the U.S. sample to a German sample (N = 349) further confirmed configural and (partial) metric measurement invariance of the English version of the LLWI. Results also supported convergent and discriminant validity as well as criterion and incremental validity regarding individual level attitudinal, health-related, intention, and behavioral outcomes. Based on these findings, implications for the use of the LLWI in research and practice and future research directions are discussed.

Der Survey ´Transitions and Old Age Potential: Übergänge und Alternspotenziale (TOP)´ basiert auf einer für die deutschsprachige Wohnbevölkerung im Alter zwischen 55 und 70 Jahren (Jahrgänge 1942 bis 1958) repräsentativen Stichprobe von 5.002 Personen. Den inhaltlichen Schwerpunkt der Studie bilden die Lebenspläne und Potenziale älterer Erwachsener am Arbeitsmarkt, in der Zivilgesellschaft und in der Familie sowie deren Übergänge in den Ruhestand. Im Frühjahr 2013 wurde hierzu ein 40-minütiges telefonisches Interview auf der Grundlage eines standardisierten Erhebungsinstruments durchgeführt. Es umfasst Instrumente zu den folgenden Bereichen: Soziodemografie, Erwerbstätigkeit und Übergänge in den Ruhestand, informelle Arbeiten in der Zivilgesellschaft und in der Familie, Altersbilder, Gesundheit und Wohlbefinden sowie Persönlichkeit. Im Jahr 2015/2016 wurden die wiederbefragungsbereiten Personen der ersten Welle erneut interviewt. Insgesamt konnten in der zweiten Welle 2.501 Interviews abgeschlossen werden. Inhaltlich konzentriert sich die zweite Welle TOP auf die Übergänge in den Ruhestand, die Verwirklichung von Tätigkeitsabsichten, insbesondere am Arbeitsmarkt, als Teil eines mehrstufigen Handlungsmodells sowie die Veränderung von Potenzialen älterer Erwachsener im Zeitverlauf. Wie bereits die erste Welle, so wurde auch die Wiederholungsbefragung vom Umfragezentrum Bonn (uzbonn) im Auftrag des Bundesinstituts für Bevölkerungsforschung (BiB) durchgeführt. Neben Maßnahmen zur Reduzierung der Verzerrung aus der Panelmortalität und zur Erhöhung der Ausschöpfung kamen längsschnittliche Gewichtungsverfahren zum Einsatz, die u. a. für selektive Teilnahmewahrscheinlichkeiten an der zweiten Welle adjustieren.

In der dritten Welle von TOP, die im Jahr 2019 durchgeführt wurde, konnten von den 2.455 Personen, die in der zweiten Welle zu einer wiederholten Befragung bereit waren, insgesamt 1.561 Interviews abgeschlossen werden. In der dritten Welle wurden zudem die Partnerinnen und Partner der Zielpersonen befragt. Somit wurde ein dyadisches Studiendesign im Querschnitt der dritten Welle realisiert. Hierbei konnten insgesamt 576 Interviews auf Paarebene abgeschlossen werden. Thematischer Schwerpunkt dieser dyadischen Befragung ist der gemeinsame Übergang in den Ruhestand. Bereits im Vorfeld der dritten Welle wurden Maßnahmen zur Qualitätssicherung der Stichproben und der methodischen Umsetzbarkeit des dyadischen Studiendesgin umgesetzt, so z. B. längsschnittliche Gewichtungsverfahren zur Anpassung an selektive Ausfälle zwischen den Befragungswellen. Die dritte Welle von TOP wurde ebenfalls vom Umfragezentrum Bonn (uzbonn) im Auftrag des Bundesinstituts für Bevölkerungsforschung (BiB) durchgeführt.