Suchergebnisse

This article presents the results of constructing and validating the "Normless anomie index" (NLAI) sociological test, designed to measure the level of anomie among Russian-speaking and Ukrainian-speaking respondents. The theoretical validity of NLAI is based on an understanding of anomie that was proposed and detailed in the works of R. Merton. The content of the index is based on normless indicators presented in the articles of D. Dean, G. McCloskey and J. Shaar, as well as indicators presented in this article. The study is based on data from two surveys (November 2018, N = 600; April 2019, N = 600), which represent the adult population of Ukraine according to such parameters as age, gender, type of settlement and region of residence. For the purpose of empirical validation, the factor structure of the theoretical construct was analyzed (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis) and construct validity was confirmed based on indicators that describe respondents' political consciousness and their social well-being (correlation analysis). Three versions of NLAI were tested: 1) based on indicators claiming the existence of norms, as well as based on indicators claiming the opposite (survey conducted in 2018); 2) based on indicators claiming only the absence of norms, with more specific wording (survey conducted in 2019); 3) based on indicators claiming only the absence of norms, with more abstract wording (survey conducted in 2019). A conclusion is made about the higher quality of the second version of NLAI.
A classifier of answers to the NLAI indicators is proposed, which allows for categorizing respondents into four groups: anomic (predominance of answers which indicate the absence of norms), ambivalent (there are answers indicating both the absence of norms and their presence), undefined (answers prevail which indicate the absence of a clear position) and non-anomic (prevailing answers indicating the presence of norms).

This article is dedicated to examining the phenomenon of interpersonal political and psychological tension, as well as its measurement in the context of individual hostility and interpersonal sensitivity. The concept of social or interpersonal stress, which is generic in relation to interpersonal political and psychological tension, is analyzed. The article identifies the fragmentation of the field of relevant research, as well as a lack of the standardized sociological tools necessary to study the phenomenon of interpersonal political and psychological tension. The results of three validation studies aimed at developing the sociological test "Interpersonal Political and Psychological Tension" are described. An assessment is made of such parameters of the tool as the distribution of its total values, factor and construct validity, intergroup differences. The first study was a nationwide survey conducted in September 2019 (N = 600). The second study was an online survey conducted in September 2019 (N = 475). The third study was a nationwide survey conducted in February 2020 (N = 2038). A test variant was identified which provides the best results when used in mass surveys. Two patterns of the test's factorial structure are revealed, one of which is semantic, and the second being methodological in nature. Moreover, in both cases, high indices of factor validity were recorded. In the framework of construct validation, the test indicators appear to be loosely linked to the elements of the nomological network of political culture associated with attitudes. At the same time, a closer connection was observed to behavioral variables which describe individual aspects of everyday political activity. The following conclusions are made: 1) the test for measuring interpersonal political and psychological tension shows acceptable indices of factor and structural validity; 2) the study of the socio-psychological characteristics of political processes appears to be a promising area for further research using the test; 3) the specific composition of this test in the framework of public surveys is crucial for the reliability of its results when using personal interviews.