Suchergebnisse

Emergent volunteer groups play a significant role during disasters. There is a rich literature on the role of volunteer groups in disasters and disaster volunteerism. However, the rapid proliferation of social media platforms in the last decade made a significant impact on human lives, and disaster volunteerism is no exception. This article argues that there is a need for understanding social media's impact on disaster volunteerism. Using Harvey as a case, this article analyzes 74 Facebook groups that were created during the storm. The article compares the emergence and lifespan, structure, and function of online volunteer groups to those of volunteer groups before social media. Findings show important distinctions between online groups and those mentioned in the literature. First, online groups are easier to observe and analyze because of the digital traces they leave. Online groups emerge in different phases of disaster (response, early recovery) depending on people's needs. Their structure can possess elements of hierarchy as opposed to structural characteristics of groups mentioned in the literature. Finally, online groups mostly function as information sharing hubs; however, they also carry out a wide variety of functions, some of which request special attention. The article makes suggestions for future research.

The civil war in Syria caused millions of people to become refugees in neighboring countries and Europe. Government capacity and the availability of resources are crucial for managing a refugee crisis effectively; however, they may not be sufficient in all circumstances. There must be a healthy relationship between the host government and refugees for government agencies to control the refugees and manage their needs. Government legitimacy and trust are crucial for refugee compliance with government policies. This article examines the case of refugees from Kobani in Turkey and provides evidence for understanding the role of government legitimacy in managing a refugee crisis. The data for this article were collected through qualitative interviews and focus groups with government officials and refugees. Two important factors shaped the refugees' perceptions of the Turkish government. First, ethnic conflict and the political circumstances in Turkey shaped some refugees' opinions of the Turkish government. Second, some refugees embraced their host community's perceptions of the Turkish government. The findings from this research have important political implications. Countries experiencing ethnic, religious, or racial conflicts are likely to face challenges regarding refugee compliance with government policies.

Abstract
Scholars and policy makers argue that communities that increase their resilience are better positioned to protect themselves from disruptive events. The popularity of the resilience concept has created challenges for scholars and public policy makers. The most substantial challenge relates to whether there exists sufficient common understanding of resilience to enable the concept to be applied in research and public policy contexts. This article presents the findings of an analysis of resilience discussions in the homeland security literature. The analysis included the 56 articles that reference resilience terminology and are published in the journals: Homeland Security Affairs and the Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management. Our findings indicate that resilience discussions in the homeland security literature seem to be converging towards a hybrid conceptualization of resilience, which suggests that a resilient system would have the capacity to both resist a disturbance and to quickly restore services if a disturbance could not be prevented. Despite this possible movement towards conceptual convergence, additional steps must be taken if resilience is to become a concept that can be used to guide the development and implementation of homeland security policy.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze scholarly discussions and findings regarding collaborative emergency management (CEM). Several aspects such as leadership, decision making, intergovernmental and interorganizational relations, technology applications in CEM have been investigated.Design/methodology/approachLiterature review was conducted using three popular search data bases, Academic Search Premier, Academic OneFile, and Info Track OneFile using the following keywords: CEM, collaborative and emergency and management, collaborative networks, emergency networks, emergency network, interorganizational networks, Interorganizational and networks, intergovernmental and networks, and National Emergency Management Network (NEMN).FindingsThe paper emphasizes that high expectations of public and stakeholders in emergency and disaster management require effective use of resources by collaborative networks.Practical implicationsEmergency and disaster managers should be able to adopt their organization culture, structure and processes to the collaborative nature of emergency management.Originality/valueThe paper focuses on a very important subject in emergency and disaster management using NEMN as example.