Suchergebnisse

On the basis of the conducted research on the directions of the criminal and penal–executive policy with regard to minors, the author of the article draws the following conclusions. The processes of humanization of criminal and penal enforcement laws affect under–age criminals, adjusting the procedure for appointing and executing criminal punishment, including deprivation of liberty. Despite these trends in recent years, the problem of juvenile delinquency is a fairly massive social and legal phenomenon. Thus, the analysis of statistical data has shown that juvenile delinquency grows 7 times faster than the total number of the population of this age group changes, and in some regions, minors determine the crime situation as a whole. The reason for repeated crimes committed by former juvenile convicts is that returning part of this category of people to the society is predisposed to spreading and propagating criminal "prison" traditions and customs among their peers, as well as among younger people, which contributes to the support and growth of criminogenic the potential of society. One of the directions of the criminal and penitentiary policy of Russia is the penitentiary and post-penitentiary resocialization of persons serving sentences in the form of deprivation of liberty, in particular minors. Thus, the process of training juveniles sentenced to release and creating conditions for their full integration into society is the most important task not only of educational colonies, but also of government bodies and civil society institutions. The absence of a federal law on the social adaptation of persons released from places of deprivation of liberty creates difficulties for minors in the process of resocialization. Adoption of this law is an important component and the main content of the law should be the establishment of strict control over the behavior of these individuals, and mainly the guarantee of state aid to them in the process of returning to normal life in society.

The article examines the international legal regulation of the legal status of minors sentenced to imprisonment. The analysis of the norms, recommendations and principles in the field of enforcement of sentences, which are internationally accepted and binding on the states that have joined them, has shown that international standards are classified into general acts and specialized acts. The study of international norms, rules and standards regarding the treatment of minors sentenced to imprisonment and their implementation at the level of lawmaking and practice in the penitentiary system of the Russian Federation suggests that not all international norms are implemented in the domestic legislation and practice of imprisonment in respect of minors. The author of the article concludes that criminal punishment in relation to this category of convicts should perform not only punitive, but also educational function in order to increase the efficiency of the process of re-socialization in the process of serving the sentence, and after his release, reduce the recurrence of crimes.