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This paper analyses changes in the region's states, and the evolution of Central Europe's (CE)
position in the international environment. Since forming in 1918, the new CE independent
states have remained a focus for neighbouring powers and Western powers. The paper looks at
the background for the historical, political, economic, demographic, cultural and geopolitical
importance of Central Europe. Th ree essential periods can be distinguished, the first being the post-WW1 period, when after the downfall of Austria-Hungary and the weakening of Germany,
Russia and Turkey, a number of independent states emerged. The lack of Western assistance and
insufficient mutual cooperation meant that CE countries became subject to aggression from
Berlin and Moscow. After WW2, the region was forcefully reintegrated into the Soviet Union –
and its states were subjected to political, social, economic and cultural degradation. The downfall
of the Soviet Union and democratic transition in the states of Central Europe contributed to the
regional economic and security integration. EU membership and close ties to the USA forged
significant possibilities for development and becoming a subject of European policy. Historical
experiences show that Central Europe has had a significant impact on international security in
Europe. The region's states of increasing signifi cance have the capability potential to forge their
own concepts of close regional political and economic cooperation.