Suchergebnisse

The 2019 coronavirus pandemic has disrupted the business environment from all the sectors. One of the first and worst affected was tourism, in general, and airline industry, in particular. The purpose of this study is to investigate the short-term effects of coronavirus pandemic on the airline industry and the potential recovery pathways. Using an empirical approach based on the secondary data investigation, we found out that, during 2020, both airlines and airports confronted with ratings' downgrades or even bankruptcy due to the severe cash burn generated by travel restrictions. To cope with the crisis, the most common measures taken by the airlines were rationalizing the fleet, reducing staff numbers and reconfiguring their networks and capacity. In the beginning of 2021, there are signs that the industry is recovering, but the process is very slow. Meanwhile, many governments gave a high priority to the air transport industry, to protect not only the aviation itself but also the related sectors. ; JEL classification: O5, R4, Z3

Knowing the importance of foreign direct investments (FDI) for economic development of a country, the main objective of the present paper is to analyse whether the human capital represents a major determinant for the multinational companies to invest in the European Union states. Moreover, we intend to discover if there are some other factors that may enhance this role played by human capital. In order to reach the established objective, we have investigated the literature, including several case studies, and we have statistically analysed the secondary data offered by various yearbooks and reports. The relevance of this paper results from the fact that the conclusions may offer valuable information for the policy makers to create a more favourable environment for the FDI inflows in the EU states, on long term.

The aging population is a global phenomenon, which has affected almost all the EU states. The consequences are very important since it affects the socio-economic environment usually on the long run. Some of them could consist in increasing the public expenditure on pensions, social security and health services, which will raise the overall burden on the working population. Sometimes, a significant reduction of the labour force will even diminish the growth rate of an economy. Considering these aspects, the present paper intends to analyse the demographic situation from the EU states, the factors that have generated it and to identify the possible future trends. To determine the evolution of the ageing population phenomenon, we have analysed some demographic indicators included in various statistical reports and databases, such as the fertility rate, the median age, the percentage of population over a certain age and the age dependency ratio.

The regional unemployment disparities are a common feature of the labor market in many EU countries. Nowadays, not only the existence but also the dynamics of these regional disparities are a very important issue. This is the reason why, in the present paper, we intend to identify and analyze the evolution of these differences, at the beginning of the XXIst century, as well as the possible causes that might generate them. In order to reach these objectives, we have collected, analyzed and interpreted the data obtained from various researches, statistical reports and databases. Our results show that, even if the regional disparities in employment and unemployment in EU states have diminished at the beginning of the XXIst century, they significantly started to increase after 2009, in the context of the economic and financial crisis. Some of the causes that determined the regional unemployment disparities in EU might be the level and the power of unions, the labor productivity and mobility, the labor market institutions and regulations.

The purpose of our study is to analyse the impact of FDI on the labour markets of the states that joined the EU in 2004, before and after the EU accession and in the context of the global economic crisis. To achieve this objective, we have investigated the literature and carried out a pooled OLS regression estimation. The analysis shows that, until 2003, FDI neither enhanced the labour force participation rate, nor reduced the youth unemployment in the analysed states. After EU adhesion, FDI had only one significant positive effect, exerted on real labour productivity, and negative effects on employment and labour force participation rate. In the context of the crisis, FDI had beneficial effects on the unemployment, but to a lesser extent on the youth unemployment. FDI did not have any significant effect on annual net earnings in none of the three periods.

Economic development is a subject that generates much controversy, mainly because of the widening gaps between poor and rich nations. In the present paper, we intend to identify and explain the differences that exist both between and within the European Union states, from an economic development point of view. In order to reach this objective, we have collected, analysed and interpreted information included in various statistical data bases, reports and year books. The results show that the development differences between EU economies are not so large, compared to the situation of the rest of the world. However, there are significant development gaps inside some EU states, especially from the South-East part of Europe and the Baltic countries.