Suchergebnisse

Contribution to the study of the circulation of noble elites in the Hispan reindeer in the Lowo-edieval period. Since the end of the 14th century, many Portuguese nobles exiled in the Kingdom of Castile, where successful social and political progression races took place. The aim of this article is to contribute to knowledge of this process, paying attention to the middle-ranking boundary of the Fonseca, which was established in the city of Toro following exile in Castile de la Queen Beatriz. It is peculiar that many of its members had successful ecclesiastical careers and occupied many episcopal sites in Castile, and even enjoyed influence in the Curia. On this occasion, the analysis will focus on one of the least known churches, Alonso de Fonseca, who was bishop of Ávila, Cuenca and Osma. Particular attention is paid to the political aspect of his career, in the city of Toro, and to his project of social and political encumbration of his sufficient son, Gutierre de Fonseca, who became one of the most influential members of the oligarchic group in Toro, especially after the defeat of the communes, against whom he militated ; Peer reviewed ; Contribution to the study of the circulation of noble elites in the Hispan reindeer in the Lowo-edieval period. Since the end of the 14th century, many Portuguese nobles exiled in the Kingdom of Castile, where successful social and political progression races took place. The aim of this article is to contribute to knowledge of this process, paying attention to the middle-ranking boundary of the Fonseca, which was established in the city of Toro following exile in Castile de la Queen Beatriz. It is peculiar that many of its members had successful ecclesiastical careers and occupied many episcopal sites in Castile, and even enjoyed influence in the Curia. On this occasion, the analysis will focus on one of the least known churches, Alonso de Fonseca, who was bishop of Ávila, Cuenca and Osma. Particular attention is paid to the political aspect of his career, in the city of ...

This is a case study of the movement of noble élites in the Iberian kingdoms during the late Middle Ages. By the end of the fourteenth century, many Portuguese nobles sought exile in the kingdom of Castile where they achieved successful careers and advanced socially and politically. The aim of this article is to examine a case study of this process, focussing on a middle rank noble family, that of the Fonsecas, that took residence in the city of Toro, after the exile in Castile of Queen Beatriz. One curious aspect of this family is that many of its members were successful ecclesiastics, that occupied numerous episcopal sees in the kingdom of Castile, and were also influential in the papal court. This case study will centre on one of the lesser famous of these ecclesiastics, Alonso de Fonseca, who was bishop of Ávila, Cuenca and Osma. Special attention is given to the political aspects of his career in the city of Toro, and to his project of social and political promotion of his bastard son, Gutierre de Fonseca who became one of the most influential members of the noble oligarchy of Toro, especially after the defeat of the Comuneros, against which he fought. ; en el período bajomedieval. Desde fines del siglo XIV numerosos nobles portugueses se exiliaron en el reino de Castilla, donde protagonizaron exitosas carreras de ascenso social y político. En este artículo se trata de realizar una aportación al conocimiento de este proceso, prestando atención a un linaje de rango medio, el de los Fonseca, que se estableció en la ciudad de Toro a raíz del exilio en Castilla de la reina Beatriz. Presenta la peculiaridad de que muchos de sus miembros tuvieron exitosas carreras eclesiásticas y ocuparon numerosas sedes episcopales en Castilla, e incluso disfrutaron de influencia en la Curia. En esta ocasión se centrará el análisis en uno de los menos conocidos de dichos eclesiásticos, Alonso de Fonseca, que fue obispo de Ávila, Cuenca y Osma. Se presta especial atención a la faceta política de su trayectoria, en la ciudad de Toro, y a su proyecto de encumbramiento social y político de su hijo bastardo, Gutierre de Fonseca, que llegó a ser uno de los miembros más influyentes del grupo oligárquico de Toro, sobre todo tras la derrota de los comuneros, contra los que militó.

ontribution to the study of the role that members of the High Noblem played in the political and social life of Castilian cities at the end of the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century. The author focuses on the case of the city of Soria, which barely had high-ranking nobles at this time among its neighbours. He shows that the wives of Ciria and Borobia, the second of the highly-noblely lynx of the Flanders, tried to integrate into Sorian political society, but met with strong resistance. And only the outbreak of the communal uprising provided them with the opportunity they were looking for to play a more active role in Sorian political life, which they tried to maintain after their crushing, albeit without success in the medium term. ; Peer reviewed ; ontribution to the study of the role that members of the High Noblem played in the political and social life of Castilian cities at the end of the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century. The author focuses on the case of the city of Soria, which barely had high-ranking nobles at this time among its neighbours. He shows that the wives of Ciria and Borobia, the second of the highly-noblely lynx of the Flanders, tried to integrate into Sorian political society, but met with strong resistance. And only the outbreak of the communal uprising provided them with the opportunity they were looking for to play a more active role in Sorian political life, which they tried to maintain after their crushing, albeit without success in the medium term. ; ontribución al estudio del papel que los miembros de la alta nobleza jugaron en la vida política y social de las ciudades castellanas a fines del siglo XV y comienzos del siglo XVI. El autor se centra en el caso de la ciudad de Soria, que apenas contó con nobles de alto rango en esta época entre sus vecinos. Demuestra que los señores de Ciria y Borobia, segundones del linaje de alta nobleza de los Arellano, trataron de integrarse en la sociedad política soriana, pero tropezaron con fuerte resistencia. Y ...

Peer reviewed ; [EN] Contribution to the study of the social and economic profile of the transhumant sheepbreeders in the Crown of Castile during the Modern Age, illustrated by the detailed reconstruction of the vital trajectory of a single individual. He was born in the North-East Castilian town of Ágreda, within a modest middle-class family, and when he was still very young migrated to Madrid at the beginning of the seventeenth century, to work there as a public notary. He carried out an intense activity within the institution of the "Mesta" (Guild of breeders of transhumant sheep), and made huge inversions in the purchase of transhumant sheep flocks. This way he became one of the main sheepowners and producers of wool of the highest quality in Castile. At the same time he succeeded in his social and political promotion, because he attained the noble status and became alderman in the city of Segovia ; [ES] Contribución al estudio del perfil socioeconómico de los propietarios de ganado trashumante en la Castilla de la Edad Moderna, mediante la reconstrucción en detalle de la trayectoria de un único individuo. Nacido en la villa soriana de Ágreda, en el seno de una familia pechera de mediana posición, emigró muy joven a Madrid a principios del siglo XVII para ejercer allí como escribano. Desarrolló después una notable actividad en el seno de la Mesta, a la vez que realizaba grandes inversiones en la compra de ganados trashumantes. De este modo llegó a convertirse en uno de los mayores propietarios y productores de lana de la máxima calidad en toda Castilla, y logró al mismo tiempo ascender en los planos político y social, al ser reconocido como hidalgo y conseguir un oficio de regidor en Segovia

The author traces the history of the Cistercian monastery of Santa María de Huerta, since its foundation at the beginning of the twelfth century until its admission into the Castilian Cistercian Observant Congregation at the beginning of the sixteenth century. He exposes the main effects that its location in a border region, between the kingdoms of Castile and Aragon, exercised upon its evolution during the first centuries of its history. He also pays attention to another important aspect of its medieval trajectory, the relationships that the monastic community established with the local nobility, in particular with the members of the Hinojosa lineage, until the beginning of the fourteenth century, and with the dukes of Medinaceli, since the Trastamara period. Ultimately the author tries, with the annalysis of a single case, to offer an illustration of the proccess that brought the Cistercian monasteries to lose their pan-European vocation ending up reduced to a position of second-rank actors in the social and political regional stage. ; El autor reconstruye la trayectoria de un monasterio cisterciense, el de Santa María de Huerta, desde su fundación a comienzos del siglo XII hasta su incorporación a la Congregación observante del Císter a principios del siglo XVI. Pone de manifiesto los efectos que tuvo para su evolución en sus primeros siglos su ubicación en una comarca fronteriza, entre los reinos de Castilla y de Aragón. Y presta también atención a otro aspecto fundamental de su trayectoria medieval, el de las relaciones establecidas por la comunidad monástica con los poderes nobiliarios, y en concreto con el linaje de los Finojosa, hasta comienzos del siglo XIV, y a partir de la época Trastámara con el de los señores de Medinaceli. En última instancia, trata de ilustrar con un ejemplo concreto, el proceso en virtud del cual los monasterios cistercienses fueron perdiendo su vocación «paneuropea» para terminar quedando reducidos a actores de segunda fila de los escenarios sociopolíticos regionales en sus respectivos reinos.

The author analyses the political activity of the clergy in the city of Plasencia during the last decades of the fifteenth century and the first decades of the sixteenth century. Members of the clerical estate, and specifically those in leading positions, quite often manifested violent behaviour. The article examines some of the main conflicts that took place within this estate and turned violent. Finally, it demonstrates how some clergymen of the highest rank took part in factional struggles next to many relatives and friends that were laymen, and took the role of leaders of their faction. ; El autor analiza la actividad política del clero en la ciudad de Plasencia durante las últimas décadas del siglo XV y las primeras del siglo XVI. Pone de manifiesto que los miembros del estamento, y más en particular los pertenecientes al sector dirigente, adoptaron con notable frecuencia comportamientos violentos. Presta atención a algunos de los principales conflictos planteados en el seno del estamento que derivaron en acciones violentas. Y demuestra que algunos de los clérigos de mayor rango participaron junto con sus parientes y afines laicos en las luchas políticas de bandos, ejerciendo funciones de liderazgo en el seno de su facción.The author analyses the political activity of the clergy in the city of Plasencia during the last decades of the fifteenth century and the first decades of the sixteenth century. Members of the clerical estate, and specifically those in leading positions, quite often manifested violent behaviour. The article examines some of the main conflicts that took place within this estate and turned violent. Finally, it demonstrates how some clergymen of the highest rank took part in factional struggles next to many relatives and friends that were laymen, and took the role of leaders of their faction.

A contribution to the study of the role that members of the Castilian high nobility played in politics and society in the royal towns by the end of the 15th and the beginning of the 16th centuries. The paper analyzes the case of the town of Soria, where only a few nobles of relatively high rank lived at this time, and proves that the lords of Ciria and Borobia, members of a minor branch of the Arellano family, tried to become members of the ruling elite of Soria, yet had to face strong resistance. Only after the revolt of the "Comunidades" broke out, a member of this family, Carlos de Arellano, succeeded in playing a more active role in the local politics of Soria. After the revolt was crushed, he tried to continue playing this role, but failed in the medium term. ; Contribución al estudio del papel que los miembros de la alta nobleza jugaron en la vida política y social de las ciudades castellanas a fines del siglo XV y comienzos del siglo XVI. El autor se centra en el caso de la ciudad de Soria, que apenas contó con nobles de alto rango en esta época entre sus vecinos. Demuestra que los señores de Ciria y Borobia, segundones del linaje de alta nobleza de los Arellano, trataron de integrarse en la sociedad política soriana, pero tropezaron con fuerte resistencia. Y sólo el estallido de la revuelta comunera les proporcionó la oportunidad que buscaban para tener un papel más activo en la vida política soriana, que trataron de mantener tras su aplastamiento, aunque sin éxito a medio plazo.

The author analyzes the factional strifes between the two most prominent noble houses of the city of Ávila that took place at the end of the fifteenth and at the beginning of the sixteenth century. He tries to verify if there was any kind of connexion between these strifes and the affiliation of the families of the local oligarchy of the city to two local institutions that were called the linajes (lineages) of Saint Vicent and Saint John that guaranteed the peaceful distribution of the offices of local government in the city. He arrives to the conclusion that at the analyzed period these linajes were not genuine factions with a hierarchical structure, because divisions between groups of aldermen that rivalled for power had developed within them. ; El autor analiza las luchas banderizas entre las dos principales casas nobles de la ciudad de Ávila a fines del siglo xv y comienzos del siglo xvi. Trata de determinar si hubo conexiones entre estas luchas y la pertenencia de las familias que constituían el grupo oligárquico abulense a dos instituciones llamadas los linajes de San Vicente y San Juan, que servían para garantizar el pacífico reparto de los oficios de gobierno local. Y llega a la conclusión de que en la época analizada dichos linajes ya no constituían auténticas facciones, estructuradas de forma jerárquica, porque en su seno se habían desarrollado divisiones entre grupos de regidores que se disputaban entre sí el poder.

En este artículo el autor analiza las condiciones en que las dehesas de la mesa maestral de Alcántara en La Serena, pertenecientes al rey de Castilla, eran arrendadas a los ganaderos trashumantes sorianos que llevaban a pastar allí sus ganados durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVI y primera mitad del siglo XVII, Demuestra que los arrendatarios sorianos de estas dehesas fueron siempre grandes propietarios, pertenecientes a unas pocas familias, que con frecuencia tomaban a renta pastos para más de 20.000 cabezas. y pone de manifiesto que las condiciones de arrendamiento de estas dehesas eran más favorables que las habituales en otras dehesas de invernadero, por lo que los arrendatarios de las mismas podlan ser considerados como privilegiados. ; This article analyzes the terms and conditions under which the "deheasas" or pasture land in La Serena (province of Betieios} that belonged to the king of Castile as Master of the Military Order of Alcántara, were leased to the transhumant shepherds from Soria who took their livestock to that region in winter during the second half of the 16th century and the first half of the 17th century. The author shows that the Soria shepherds that leased these "dehesas" always owned very large flocks and were members of a reduced circle of fammilies, and that they usually rented pastures for more than 20,000 sheep. He also proves that the terms and conditions for renting these "dehesas" that belonged to the king were much better for the tenants than the standard ones for other "dehesas". These tenants were therefore considered as being in privileged positions.

Contribution to the study of the process of social assimilation of the Jews that adopted the Christian faith in the Crown of Castile after 1492, based on the analysis of a local case, that of the small town of Almazán, subject to the lordship of the counts of Monteagudo. The author pays special attention to a few families of converted Jews that attained a high social and political position, as a result of their notorious role as merchants and financiers, and of the close relationship that they kept, in the role of servants, with the counts, lords of the town. ; Contribución al análisis del proceso de integración social de los judíos convertidos al cristianismo en la Corona de Castilla después de 1492, a partir del estudio de un caso local concreto, el de la villa de Almazán, señorío de los condes de Monteagudo. Se centra el análisis en unas pocas familias que destacaron por su elevada posición económica, derivada de su intensa dedicación al comercio y las finanzas, y por la estrecha relación de servicio que mantuvieron con los condes, señores de la villa.

Con autorización de la editorial para este capítulo ; [EN] The author studies the relationship between two members of the Castilian high nobility, the first duke of Nájera, and his son, the second duke, during the first decades of the sixteenth century. This period was a very convulsive one for both monastic communities, as a consequence of the numerous conflicts that arouse after the Observant reform was in troduced in them. He proves that the dukes, taking profit of the political weakness of both monasteries, tried to use them in order to strengthen his own position in the region of Rioja, where they disputed the hegemony with other noble lineages, mainly with the Velasco. ; [ES] Se analizan las relaciones entre los dos primeros duques de Nájera, miembros destacados de la alta nobleza castellana, y dos grandes monasterios benedictinos de la región de la Rioja, Santa María de Nájera y San Millán de la Cogolla, en las primeras décadas del siglo XVI, que fueron un período muy inestable para ambas comunidades monásticas, por los conflictos a los que dio lugar la implantación en ellas de la reforma observante. Se demuestra que los duques, aprovechando la debilidad política de estos monasterios, trataron de utilizarlos para reforzar su propia posición en la región riojana, donde mantenían una encarnizada disputa por la hegemonía con otros linajes de alta nobleza, en particular con los Velasco. ; Peer reviewed

The author analyses some aspects of the religiosity and of the policy adopted by the members of the High Nobility in their relationship with the ecclesiastical institutions in the Crown of Castile at the end of the Middle Ages. In order to be able to analyse this subject in greater depth, he chooses the Castilian region that had its capital in the town of Soria. He pays attention to the three noble lineages that exercised greater political influence in this region: the Arellano, counts of Aguilar, the Mendoza, counts of Monteagudo, and the La Cerda, counts and later dukes of Medinaceli. ; El autor analiza algunos aspectos de la religiosidad y de la política puesta en práctica por los miembros de la alta nobleza en sus relaciones con las instituciones eclesiásticas, en el ámbito de la Corona de Castilla a fines de la Edad Media. Para profundizar en el análisis de esta temática delimita un espacio geográfico concreto, el de la región en torno a la ciudad de Soria, y presta atención a los tres grandes linajes que mayor influencia política ejercieron en el mismo, el de los Arellano, condes de Aguilar; el de los Mendoza, condes de Monteagudo, y el de los De La Cerda, condes y luego duques de Medinaceli.

El autor analiza las principales actividades manufactureras que alcanzaron cierto desarrollo en la ciudad castellana de Soria entre los siglos XIII y XVI. Demuestra que la actividad de fabricación de telas de lino apareció más tempranamente que la de fabricación de paños de lana, aunque ésta con posterioridad alcanzó mucha más importancia. También informa sobre algunas otras actividades manufactureras como el trabajo del cuero, la fabricación de zapatos, y la carpintería. Y concluye dando cuenta de las vías de participación de los artesanos en la vida política local.The author analyses the main manufacturing activities that attained a certain degree of development in the Castilian town of Soria between the thirteenth and the sixteenth centuries. He proves that the manufacture of linen cloths appeared earlier than the manufacture of woolen cloths, although this one attained a higher importance afterwards. He also informs about other manufacturing activities, like leather tanning, shoemaking and carpentry. He concludes paying attention to the participation of the artisans in the local political activity.