Suchergebnisse

In a footnote to her detailed commentary on the poems of Sophia Parnok (1885-1933) Sophia Poliakova states that the poet "did not make a secret of" her lesbianism and that "many of her poems are incomprehensible without knowledge of this […] extremely personal [fact]." Yet, in her otherwise excellent discussion of the poet's creative development, Poliakova does not treat the crucially important relationship between Parnok's affectional preference and her creativity which, in my opinion, played a central role in the refining of what the poet referred to as a "voice like mine." Parnok's lesbian orientation was also partially responsible for the problems she encountered with Soviet censorship that effectively muffled her voice.

International audience ; This study addresses the marking of additive coherence relations in French and English political speeches. It is based on a balanced comparable corpus of ministerial political speeches spanning the late 1990s and early 2000s. Additive relations are expected to be the least marked relations, as where a discourse follows on naturally from what has gone before, coherence is easily assured by continuity intonation, a discourse continuity marker such as English 'and', or simple juxtaposition. Density and variety of additive markers are found to be much greater in the French speeches compared with the English, where additive relations are more often left implicit, resulting in quite different discourse patterns. The role of markers is illustrated by a case study comparing the roles of en effet and its dictionary equivalent indeed, which are found to function differently. The findings arguably reflect the greater distance between literary and conversational French than is the case for English. At the same time, the higher frequency of a number of the French markers seems to go along with greater grammaticalization towards rhetorical 'presentational' functions.

International audience ; This study addresses the marking of additive coherence relations in French and English political speeches. It is based on a balanced comparable corpus of ministerial political speeches spanning the late 1990s and early 2000s. Additive relations are expected to be the least marked relations, as where a discourse follows on naturally from what has gone before, coherence is easily assured by continuity intonation, a discourse continuity marker such as English 'and', or simple juxtaposition. Density and variety of additive markers are found to be much greater in the French speeches compared with the English, where additive relations are more often left implicit, resulting in quite different discourse patterns. The role of markers is illustrated by a case study comparing the roles of en effet and its dictionary equivalent indeed, which are found to function differently. The findings arguably reflect the greater distance between literary and conversational French than is the case for English. At the same time, the higher frequency of a number of the French markers seems to go along with greater grammaticalization towards rhetorical 'presentational' functions.

International audience ; A French-English comparable corpus of political discourse is used to investigate the expression of obligation across the two languages. The aims of the study are to look at the expression of obligation in the comparable genres in the two languages and to compare the contexts of use of deontic modal and semi-modal verbs, i.e. comparing their frequencies in contextual frames characterized by agentivity, polarity and event type. The focus is on the modal and semi-modal verbs must, need to, have to, devoir and falloir. While have to and falloir are more frequent than must and devoir respectively in spontaneous spoken language, the reverse is the case in the political speeches. The five verbs are found to occur in similar contexts within and across the two languages in the genre in question. The study highlights the potential impact of genre on frequency and distribution and the interactions between genre-based patterns and ongoing change in the wider languages.

International audience ; A French-English comparable corpus of political discourse is used to investigate the expression of obligation across the two languages. The aims of the study are to look at the expression of obligation in the comparable genres in the two languages and to compare the contexts of use of deontic modal and semi-modal verbs, i.e. comparing their frequencies in contextual frames characterized by agentivity, polarity and event type. The focus is on the modal and semi-modal verbs must, need to, have to, devoir and falloir. While have to and falloir are more frequent than must and devoir respectively in spontaneous spoken language, the reverse is the case in the political speeches. The five verbs are found to occur in similar contexts within and across the two languages in the genre in question. The study highlights the potential impact of genre on frequency and distribution and the interactions between genre-based patterns and ongoing change in the wider languages.

New Media Language brings leading media figures and scholars together to debate the shifting relations between today's media and contemporary language.From newspapers and television to email, the Internet and text messaging, there are ever increasing media conduits for news. This book investigates how developments in world media have affected, and been affected by, language. Exploring a wide range of topics, from the globalization of communication to the vocabulary of terrorism and the language used in the wake of September 11, New Media Language looks at the important and wide-ranging implications of these changes. From Malcolm Gluck on wine writing, to Naomi Baron on email, the authors provide authoritative and engaging insights into the ways in which language is changing, and in turn, changes us.With a foreword by Simon Jenkins, New Media Language is essential reading for anyone with an interest in today's complex and expanding media

Contents -- Contributors -- Introduction -- 1 The 'New' Contrastive Analysis -- 2 The Notion of Genre -- 3 Parallel Corpora and Comparable Corpora -- 4 An Overview of the Volume -- 5 Contrastive Analysis with Parallel Corpora -- 6 Contrastive Analysis with Comparable Corpora -- 7 Contrastive Analysis Across Genres of English -- References -- Part I: Contrastive Analysis with Parallel Corpora -- The Semantic Field of Obligation in an English-Swedish Contrastive Perspective -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Obligation and Necessity -- 3 Material and Method -- 4 The Marking of Obligation in English and Swedish -- 4.1 English Obligation Markers in a Translation Perspective -- 4.2 Swedish Obligation Markers in a Translation Perspective -- 5 Obligation Markers in English and Swedish Fiction -- 5.1 English Obligation Markers in Fiction -- 5.2 Swedish Obligation Markers in Fiction -- 6 Obligation Markers in English and Swedish Non-fiction -- 6.1 English Obligation Markers in Non-fiction -- 6.2 Swedish Obligation Markers in Non-fiction -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- English so and Dutch dus in a Parallel Corpus: An Investigation into Their Mutual Translatability -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data -- 3 Functional Translation Correspondence of Dus and So -- 3.1 Mark a Result -- 3.2 Mark Inferential Relations -- 3.3 Draw a Conclusion on a Textual Level -- 3.4 Marking Boundaries Between Discourse Sections -- 3.5 Start a New Sequence -- 3.6 Elaboration/Restatement -- 3.7 Reiteration -- 4 Quantitative Analysis of Correspondence between So and Dus -- 4.1 Correspondents -- 4.2 Functions -- 4.3 Text Types -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- What English Translation Equivalents Can Reveal about the Czech "Modal" Particle prý: A Cross-Register Study -- 1 State of the Art -- 2 Data and Methodology -- 3 Downloading and Sorting the Data -- 3.1 Source (Original Speaker) Unknown

The volume of calls for governments and public health officials to take concerted action on climate change has become almost deafening. Public health researchers and practitioners need to look beyond what we know about the health impacts of climate change, to what we are doing as our part in contributing to holding global temperature rise to under 1.5°C. This commentary reflects on the common threads across the articles of a special section in this issue of the Canadian Journal of Public Health, "Moving on IPCC 1.5°C", which sought examples of bold research and action advancing climate change mitigation and adaptation. Among the articles, there are signs that the public health community is gaining momentum in confronting the climate crisis. Three critical lessons emerged: the need for institutional change from the top of public health, the essential power of community in intersectoral action on climate change preparedness, and the importance of centring Indigenous wisdom to decolonize colonial legacy systems. We encourage readers to move public health research and practice from an instrumental relationship with nature to one of reverence and sacred reciprocity.

From 1967 until 2020, [Community] has had 85 million litres of pulp and paper mill effluent dumped every day into an estuary that borders the community. Despite long-term concerns about cancer in the community, a federal government appointed Joint Environmental Health Monitoring Committee, mandated to oversee the health of the community, has never addressed [Community] concerns. In this study we accessed the 2013 Canadian Cancer Registry microfile data, and using the standard geographical classification code, accessed the cancer data for [Community], and provided comparable data for all Nova Scotia First Nations, as well as the county, provincial, and national population level data. We determined that digestive organ cancers, respiratory organ cancers, male genital organ cancers, and urinary tract cancers are higher in [Community] than at all comparable levels. Female breast and genital organ cancers are lowest in [Community] than at all other comparable levels. We note the limitation of this study as not being able to capture cancer data for off-reserve members at the time of diagnosis and the lapse in availability of up-to-date CCR data. This study demonstrates that cancer data can be compiled for First Nation communities using the standard geographic code, and although not a comprehensive count of all diagnoses for the registered members of [Community], it is the first study to provide data for those who lived in [Community] at the time of diagnosis. Moreover, it highlights the lack of capacity (or will) by Joint Environmental Health Monitoring Committee to uphold their fiduciary duty.

Numerous tools for addressing gender inequality in governmental policies, programs, and research have emerged across the globe. Unfortunately, such tools have largely failed to account for the impacts of colonialism on Indigenous Peoples' lives and lands. In Canada, Indigenous organizations have advanced gender-based analysis frameworks that are culturally-grounded and situate the understanding of gender identities, roles, and responsibilities within and across diverse Indigenous contexts. However, there is limited guidance on how to integrate Indigenous gender-based frameworks in the context of research. The authors of this paper are participants of a multi-site research program investigating intersectoral spaces of Indigenous-led renewable energy development within Canada. Through introspective methods, we reflected on the implementation of gender considerations into our research team's governance and research activities. We found three critical lessons: (1) embracing Two-Eyed Seeing or Etuaptmumk while making space for Indigenous leadership ; (2) trusting the expertise that stems from the lived experiences and relationships of researchers and team members ; and (3) shifting the emphasis from 'gender-based analysis' to 'gender-based relationality' in the implementation of gender-related research considerations. Our research findings provide a novel empirical example of the day-to-day principles and practices that may arise when implementing Indigenous gender-based analysis frameworks in the context of research.

Numerous tools for addressing gender inequality in governmental policies, programs, and research have emerged across the globe. Unfortunately, such tools have largely failed to account for the impacts of colonialism on Indigenous Peoples' lives and lands. In Canada, Indigenous organizations have advanced gender-based analysis frameworks that are culturally-grounded and situate the understanding of gender identities, roles, and responsibilities within and across diverse Indigenous contexts. However, there is limited guidance on how to integrate Indigenous gender-based frameworks in the context of research. The authors of this paper are participants of a multi-site research program investigating intersectoral spaces of Indigenous-led renewable energy development within Canada. Through introspective methods, we reflected on the implementation of gender considerations into our research team's governance and research activities. We found three critical lessons: (1) embracing Two-Eyed Seeing or Etuaptmumk while making space for Indigenous leadership; (2) trusting the expertise that stems from the lived experiences and relationships of researchers and team members; and (3) shifting the emphasis from 'gender-based analysis' to 'gender-based relationality' in the implementation of gender-related research considerations. Our research findings provide a novel empirical example of the day-to-day principles and practices that may arise when implementing Indigenous gender-based analysis frameworks in the context of research.

Numerous tools for addressing gender inequality in governmental policies, programs, and research have emerged across the globe. Unfortunately, such tools have largely failed to account for the impacts of colonialism on Indigenous Peoples' lives and lands. In Canada, Indigenous organizations have advanced gender-based analysis frameworks that are culturally-grounded and situate the understanding of gender identities, roles, and responsibilities within and across diverse Indigenous contexts. However, there is limited guidance on how to integrate Indigenous gender-based frameworks in the context of research. The authors of this paper are participants of a multi-site research program investigating intersectoral spaces of Indigenous-led renewable energy development within Canada. Through introspective methods, we reflected on the implementation of gender considerations into our research team's governance and research activities. We found three critical lessons: (1) embracing Two-Eyed Seeing or Etuaptmumk while making space for Indigenous leadership; (2) trusting the expertise that stems from the lived experiences and relationships of researchers and team members; and (3) shifting the emphasis from 'gender-based analysis' to 'gender-based relationality' in the implementation of gender-related research considerations. Our research findings provide a novel empirical example of the day-to-day principles and practices that may arise when implementing Indigenous gender-based analysis frameworks in the context of research.