Suchergebnisse

This paper investigates a way of determining and modeling uncertainty contributions in measurements of room acoustic parameters, which are commonly used to describe the acoustic situation of a room in an objective manner. If the range of uncertainty and the confidence interval are not given, the results remain incomparable to other measurement teams, since modern PC-based measurements still show appreciable sources of measurement errors. The Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) defines a unified guideline for determining uncertainties in all fields of measurement. Its application is increasingly required by modern measurement standards. However, the GUM procedures have not been applied to room acoustics yet. Hence, a scalable linear approach for calculating the combined uncertainty of room acoustic parameters with regard to the input quantities is proposed. In-situ measurement results of specially designed experiments show the significance of the main influence factors and are used to build the uncertainty budget.

Every acoustic source, e.g. a speaker, a musical instrument or a loudspeaker, generally has a frequency dependent characteristic radiation pattern, which is preeminent at higher frequencies. Room acoustic measurements nowadays only account for omnidirectional source characteristics. This motivates a measurement method that is capable of obtaining room impulse responses for these specific radiation patterns by using a superposition approach of several measurements with technically well-defined sound sources. We propose a method based on measurements with a 12-channel independentlydriven dodecahedron loudspeaker array rotated by an automatically controlled turntable.Radiation patterns can be efficiently described with the use of spherical harmonics representation. We propose a method that uses this representation for the spherical loudspeaker array used for the measurements and the target radiation pattern to be used for the synthesis.We show validating results for a deterministic test sound source inside in a small lecture hall.

Pollen is at once intimately part of the reproductive cycle of seed plants and simultaneously highly relevant for the environment (pollinators, vector for nutrients, or organisms), people (food safety and health), and climate (cloud condensation nuclei and climate reconstruction). We provide an interdisciplinary perspective on the many and connected roles of pollen to foster a better integration of the currently disparate fields of pollen research, which would benefit from the sharing of general knowledge, technical advancements, or data processing solutions. We propose a more interdisciplinary and holistic research approach that encompasses total environmental pollen diversity (ePD) (wind and animal and occasionally water distributed pollen) at multiple levels of diversity (genotypic, phenotypic, physiological, chemical, and functional) across space and time. This interdisciplinary approach holds the potential to contribute to pressing human issues, including addressing United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, fostering social and political awareness of these tiny yet important and fascinating particles.