Suchergebnisse

The rapid development of Islamic thought throughout history, due to the open, tolerant and accommodating attitude of Muslims to the hegemony of foreign thought and civilization, love of science, academic culture, the work of Muslim scholars in government and social institutions, the development of streams that prioritize ratios and freedom of thought, increased the prosperity of Muslim countries, and the problems faced by Muslims from time to time are increasingly complex and require solutions. This type of research is library research, namely research whose main object is books or other sources of literature. That is, data are sought and found through literature review from books that are relevant to the discussion. All fields of science are subjected to study by Islamic thinkers, both religious and general sciences. The development of Islamic thought has implications for the development of Islamic civilization throughout the Islamic world. The development of Islamic thought and civilization was marked by the development of educational institutions, during the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties and supported by other dynasties such as Andalusian Cordova, North Africa, Turkey and Islamic India. This has a significant impact on the lives of Muslims and has a strong influence on the progress of international civilization in general, from the classical period to the modern era. In this paper, we examine the supporting factors of the development of Islamic thought and civilization, the process of the development of Islamic thought and civilization throughout history, the scientific fields developed and its leaders, and the impact of the development of Islamic thought and civilization on the lives of Muslims and the international world. Keywords: Islamic Thought, Islamic Civilization, History

Der politische Dialog mit Europa scheint für die arabischen Länder von fundamentaler Bedeutung zu sein. Bei der Bildung des europäischen Binnenmarktes zeichnen sich Risiken ab, die zu Fehlentwicklungen des Euro-Arabischen Dialogs führen könnten. In diesem Zusammenhang versucht der Autor, neue Grundsätze für den Euro-Arabischen Dialog zu prognostizieren. (DÜI-Zri)

The phenomenon of child labor which denies children in their rights comparatively to possible outcomes and which seats them over inexpressible torments need to stop current in as irritable a period as suitable. Meanwhile, actions are being ended toward this path and administration has taken various errands to battle and expel little child labor from the general public. The task of halting and disposing of child labor needs certain separation additional devotion than most extraordinary formative games and demands for purposeful and orchestrated endeavors from every single public accomplice. The present study was noble as the child labor risk in Quetta. It is basic to commit a sign of the study area jointly through its demographic data and general data of the shared characteristics. Present contemplate was accepted in Quetta. The sample size was one hundred family units which were selected through sample random sampling technique. Children rouse the change way thusly it should be propelled with the goal that their folks could be followed and restrained precisely. With this, the general public can dishearten road peddling by methods for children. Besides, government ought to edify the general population at the appalling impacts of street selling by children. The edification must be intended for demoralizing individuals from looking for from adolescent

Abstract:Correctional institution is a place where convicted punished due to crimes which is sentenced by judge and the sentence already has permanent executorial power. When the convicted spend their time in the institution, they escape prison then it delays the punishment time that is not completed yet. The research shows that recently, legal instruments consisting sanctions for prisoners escaping correctional institution has not been regulated yet except Article 47 of the Act Number 12, 1995 that is disciplinary sanction. The criminal law policy that is being taken is referring to the purpose of punishment, it would be better for them escaping the correctional service is punished and sentenced due to the fact that the sanction ruled in Article 14 of the Act Number 12, 1995 has no any punishment effect for them. It is recommended that the government should enact national regulation (especial Ac regulating it) that is regulating clearly regarding the punishment toward the prisoners escaping the correctional institution and the enforcement should be based on local wisdom. Keywords: Criminal Law Policy, Prisoners, Escaping, Correction Institution Abstrak: Lembaga Pemasyarakatan merupakan tempat pelaksanaan pidana bagi orang-orang yang melakukan tindak pidana yang telah diputuskan oleh hakim dan mempunyai kekuatan hukum tetap. Saat terpidana menjalani pidananya di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan ada sebagian mereka melarikan diri yang mengakibatkan tertundanya masa pidana yang belum selesai dijalani. Dari latar belakang permasalahan tersebut akan dibahas mengenai instrumen hukum yang digunakan terhadap narapidana yang melarikan diri dalam hukum pidana dan kebijakan yang ditempuh terhadap narapidana yang melarikan diri menurut perspektif kebijakan hukum pidana. Penelitian ini bersifat preskriptif dengan pendekatan penelitian yuridis normatif yaitu dimaksudkan sebagai pendekatan terhadap masalah yang melihat dari segi peraturan yang berlaku untuk menemukan aturan hukum, prinsip-prinsip hukum, norma maupun doktrin-doktrin hukum dengan pendekatan undang-undang, kasus, historis, dan konseptual yang berkaitan dengan kebijakan hukum pidana terhadap narapidana yang melarikan diri saat menjalani pidana di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hingga saat ini instrumen hukum yang memuat sanksi pidana bagi narapidana yang melarikan diri dari dalam Lembaga Pemasyarakatan belum ada ketentuan perundang-undangan yang mengatur kecuali Pasal 47 Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 1995 yakni berupa hukuman disiplin. Kebijakan hukum pidana yang ditempuh dengan mengacu kepada tujuan pemidanaan, sebaiknya bagi narapidana yang melarikan diri dikenakan ancaman dan sanksi pidana yang tegas, karena sanksi yang diatur dalam Pasal 14 Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 1995 tidak menimbulkan efek jera bagi narapidana. Disarankan agar segera melahirkan regulasi nasional (Undang-Undang) yang mengatur secara tegas tentang sanksi pidana terhadap narapidana yang melarikan diri dari Lembaga Pemasyarakatan, dan kasus narapidana melarikan diri tidak banyak terjadi lagi di Indonesia serta perbuatan narapidana yang melarikan diri tersebut dapat dikriminalisasikan. Dan disarankan kepada pemerintah dalam menerapkan kebijakan hukum pidana harus memperhatikan kearifan lokal atau hukum yang hidup dan berkembang di daerah masing-masing. Kata kunci : Kebijakan Hukum Pidana, Narapidana, Melarikan diri, Lembaga Pemasyarakatan

The study was aimed at evaluating the MA Education Programme of teacher education in Pakistan. Post-graduate teacher's training institutes in Pakistan grant the Master of Education (MA/M.Ed.), Master of Philosophy (M.Phil) and Doctor of Philosophy (Ph D) post-graduate degrees in the field of education to enhance the careers and accelerate the professional development of educators. The population of the study was all heads and teachers of education departments of public sector universities and government colleges of education and prospective teachers enrolled in public sector universities and government colleges where the Master degree of Education (MA Education) programme was offered. The sample of 20 heads of public sector universities and government colleges of education, 56 teacher educators of 10 public sector universities and 10 government colleges of education, and 200 prospective teachers enrolled in public sector universities and government colleges of education departments, where the Master degree of Education (M.A./M.Ed.) was offered in Pakistan, was selected through cluster random sampling. For the collection of data, three questionnaires - one each for heads of institutions, teacher educators and prospective teachers - were developed. For analysis, chi-square as the contingency test, was applied for identifying the trends from the frequency of responses of each questionnaire item. It was concluded that the teaching faculty of the MA education programme was using a variety of teaching methods according to the nature of objectives, content and students. Evaluation systems for students of the MA education programme were found satisfactory. It is recommended that required changes be introduced in admission criteria, curriculum, duration of degree programme, teaching-practice, research work, rewards and incentives of existing MA Education Programme in Pakistan.

This study attempts to test the effect of state ownership and follow-up of audit findings in state-owned enterprises (SOEs) owned by the government of the Republic of Indonesia, on the good corporate governance of SOEs. By using Ordinary Least Square (OLS) analysis, conducted by observing 98 observations during 2010-2014, the findings show that there are negative relationship between state ownership and good corporate governance implementation in SOEs in Indonesia. In addition, the results also reveal that the follow-up of audit findings positively affect the implementation of governance. ; peer-reviewed

This study aimed to analyze the effect of the follow-up of financial investigation results on the financial reporting accountability and to examine the influence of follow-up of financial investigation on the level of financial losses. This research was conducted in all the municipalities and cities in Indonesia by purposive sampling method from the period of 2011-2014, with the number of observations as much as in 1152. Data analysis was performed with the Structural Equation Model (SEM) with Warp-PLS Program 5.0 and Sobel test method to test the mediating variable. The results showed that follow-up of financial investigation reduces the level of financial losses, thereby increasing the accountability of local government financial reporting. ; peer-reviewed

The use of web-based technologies and social media to enhance student-teacher communication is a growing trend in education in recent times. After the COVID 19 pandemic, the worldwide network has been widely used and the infrastructure for information quickly developed. This study aims to explore the perceptions of teachers and students about the use of web and social media during the COVID-19 pandemic at postgraduate level. Firstly, this study employs a questionnaire to examine student perception about uses of web-based technologies and social media. Data were collected from 500 students from different departments at the universities. Secondly, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 teachers. The findings indicate that the social media are revolutionizing communication systems and are helpful in on-line classes, with collaborative work and research coordination during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study recommended extensive use of webs and social media for efficient communication between teachers and students.