Suchergebnisse

The authors consider of political and legal regulators of the intervention of Entente states in Russia. The focus of the work is on the role of Britain in this process. The authors believe that one of the reasons of the failure of the Entente countries' intervention in Russia was the late formation of a legal mechanism for interaction between Western democracies and white regimes. The military actions of the Entente powers were not supported by sufficient legal grounds, so the military support of the Whites in Russia from the Entente was limited.

The system of applying non-custodial punishments is designed to help reduce the costs of applying a custodial sentence and is a trend of spreading the punishment of offenders by a method unrelated to detention. Correction by measures of public influence and injunction are important types of punishment, which are part of the system of punishments not related to imprisonment in the People's Republic of China, effectively contributing to the re-education of offenders. Improving the system of correction of offenders through the use of public pressure measures and injunctive relief is of great importance for the implementation of non-custodial punishments.

In the article, the authors seek to answer the question of how the Versailles system influenced the development of the Soviet-Polish conflict as a factor that constituted the process of state-building in a number of western regions of the former Russian Empire. The authors conclude that the Versailles system not only did not solve the problem of dividing borders in Eastern Europe, but also intensified the confrontation between Poland and the RSFSR. One of the main problems – the problem of Ukraine's statehood – has not been solved within the framework of the Versailles system, this was largely the result of France's tough pro-Polish position. The authors show that within the western territories of the former Russian Empire, there was a clash of different doctrines of state-building in the conditions of Modern times, these doctrines reflected the nationalism of Eastern European peoples, the concept of a Marxist proletarian state and the concept of Western democracy exported from the United States and Great Britain.

The article provides political assessments of the attitude of German military specialists to the processes of the initial period of the Sino-Japanese War. The authors are based on previously little-known documents from the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, some of these documents are put into circulation for the first time. The article reflects the struggle of ideologies on the territory of China during its military clash with Japan. The authors, based on German documents, show the harsh anti-communist nature of Japanese policy in the occupied Chinese territories, and also address the problem of Japanese chauvinism in the late 1930s. The complexity of relations between the Japanese military and representatives of the political and economic elites of China at the initial stage of the Sino-Japanese War led to the support of the Chinese bourgeoisie for the Kuomintang regime, which weakened the position of Chinese collaborators. The article shows the failure of the strategy of the Japanese occupation authorities aimed at splitting the Chinese society. The article reflects the role of Alexander von Falkenhausen at the initial stage of the Sino-Japanese War. The authors highlight the issues of strategic miscalculations of the Japanese high command and shortcomings in the strategy of Chiang Kai-shek.

В статье рассматриваются вопросы понимания международными политологами стратегии японского правительства по переходу к более решительной военной доктрине, основанной на концептуальной идее предвидения действий потенциального противника. В августе 2016 года кабинет Синдзо Абэ заявил об обращении страны к новой стратегии «Свободный и открытый Индо-Тихоокеанский регион» (FOIP), которая с тех пор стала системообразующим звеном во внешней политике Японии. Тем не менее, среди политологов FOIP нет определенного общего мнения относительно того, что действительно и окончательно входит в рамки внешнеполитического курса официального Токио. ; The article discusses the issues of understanding by international political scientists of the strategy of the Japanese Government to move to a more decisive military doctrine based on the conceptual idea of anticipating the actions of a potential enemy. In August 2016, the cabinet of Shinzo Abe declared the country's appeal to the new strategy "Free and Open Indo-Pacific Region" (FOIP), which has since become a system-forming link in Japanese foreign policy. Nevertheless, there is no definite general opinion among FOIP political scientists as to what FOIP really and definitively is within the framework of the official Tokyo's foreign policy course.