Suchergebnisse

Günümüzde devletler politik kararlarının, iki farklı cinsiyet üzerinde doğuracağı etkiyi dikkate almakta, sonuçlarını değerlendirmekte, iki cinsiyet arasında eşitsizlik doğurmayacak ya da mevcut toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizlikleri giderecek şekilde almaya çaba sarf etmektedirler. Politik kararların en önemli yansıması olan devlet bütçelerinin, toplumsal cinsiyete duyarlı hale gelmesi, toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği gözetmesi, toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliğini azaltmada en önemli araçların başında gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada toplumsal cinsiyete duyarlı bütçeleme anlayışı ile Türkiye'de konuya ilişkin çalışmalarda bulunan kamu kurumları ve sundukları kamu hizmetleri ve yaptıkları kamu harcamaları açıklandıktan sonra mevcut kurumların revizyonu ve yeni kurumların tahsis edilmesi gereği üzerine değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. ; Today, states consider the effect of their political decisions on two different gender, and evaluate the ramifications of these decisions, so that they will not cause inequality between men and women. States also make an effort to take political decisions in order to avoid gender inequalities. The most important consequence of the impact of political decisions on the state budget is that it has become gender-sensitive and considers the gender equality. It also reduces gender inequality which is one of the most important tools. In this study, gender-sensitive budgeting approach in Turkey will be discussed. The study will also mention about the public institutions and public services that are related to the issue under discussion in addition to explaining the public spending of these institutions. Finally, the revision of existing institutions and the need for the establishment of new institutions will be articulated.

The 2020's update of marine alien species list from Turkey yielded a total of 539 species belonging to 18 taxonomic groups, 404 of which have become established in the region and 135 species are casual. A total of 185 new alien species have been added to the list since the previous update of 2011. The present compilation includes reports of an ascidian species (Rhodosoma turcicum) new to the marine fauna of Turkey and range extensions of six species. Among the established species, 105 species have invasive characters at least in one zoogeographic region, comprising 19% of all alien species. Mollusca ranked first in terms of the number of species (123 species), followed by Foraminifera (91 species), Pisces (80 species) and Arthropoda (79 species). The number of alien species found in seas surrounding Turkey ranged from 28 (Black Sea) to 413 (Levantine Sea). The vectoral importance of the Suez Canal diminishes when moving from south to north, accounting for 72% of species introductions in the Levantine Sea vs. only 11% of species introductions in the Black Sea. Most alien species on the coasts of Turkey were originated from the Red Sea (58%), due to the proximity of the country to the Suez Canal. Shipping activities transported 39% of alien species, mainly from the Indo-Pacific area (20%) and the Atlantic Ocean (10%). Misidentified species (such as Pterois volitans, Trachurus declivis, etc.) and species those classified as questionable or cryptogenic were omitted from the list based on new data gathered in the last decade and expert judgements. The documented impacts of invasive species on socio-economy, biodiversity and human health in the last decade as well as the legislation and management backgrounds against alien species in Turkey are presented.

The 2020's update of marine alien species list from Turkey yielded a total of 539 species belonging to 18 taxonomic groups, 404 of which have become established in the region and 135 species are casual. A total of 185 new alien species have been added to the list since the previous update of 2011. The present compilation includes reports of an ascidian species (Rhodosoma turcicum) new to the marine fauna of Turkey and range extensions of six species. Among the established species, 105 species have invasive characters at least in one zoogeographic region, comprising 19% of all alien species. Mollusca ranked first in terms of the number of species (123 species), followed by Foraminifera (91 species), Pisces (80 species) and Arthropoda (79 species). The number of alien species found in seas surrounding Turkey ranged from 28 (Black Sea) to 413 (Levantine Sea). The vectoral importance of the Suez Canal diminishes when moving from south to north, accounting for 72% of species introductions in the Levantine Sea vs. only 11% of species introductions in the Black Sea. Most alien species on the coasts of Turkey were originated from the Red Sea (58%), due to the proximity of the country to the Suez Canal. Shipping activities transported 39% of alien species, mainly from the Indo-Pacific area (20%) and the Atlantic Ocean (10%). Misidentified species (such as Pterois volitans, Trachurus declivis, etc.) and species those classified as questionable or cryptogenic were omitted from the list based on new data gathered in the last decade and expert judgements. The documented impacts of invasive species on socio-economy, biodiversity and human health in the last decade as well as the legislation and management backgrounds against alien species in Turkey are presented.