Suchergebnisse

This book provides a practical, pedagogical perspective on conducting qualitative interviews with children and young people. From designing and choosing the type of interview through to planning, structuring, conducting, and analysing them this book is a complete toolkit. Drawing upon real-world examples and researchers' anecdotes, the authors combine both theoretical background and practical advice to introduce common issues and procedures and to help you undertake your own interviews in the field. Key topics include how to: . Choose which interview style meets your and your participants' needs . Maintain a safe and ethically sound research environment . Incorporate participatory methods into formal interview settings . Encourage participation and capture the voice of interviewees . Utilise digital tools, software and methods to collect and analyse data This clear, articulate book is an essential companion for anyone interviewing children and young people.

Background: The use of service users' views as performance indicators highlights the trend to make services more responsive to patients' needs. However, recent research indicates that there is a lack of clear understanding about specialist CAMHS and the outcomes that children, adolescents and their parents hope to achieve from treatment differ. Aims: To explore children/young people's and parents/carers' expectations of CAMHS in Leicestershire, England. Methods: Sixty children/young people and their parents/carers were asked to identify goals they want to achieve following contact with CAMHS. Qualitative thematic analysis in relation to Hoagwood's SFCES model (Symptoms, Functional, Consumer perspectives, Environment and Systems) was used. Results: The question was answered by 46.7% of children and young people and 60% of carers. Overall, children, young people and parents/carers agreed that symptomatic modification and functional aspects were the most important goals. However, internalising items seemed more important for parents/carers than children and adolescents, who in contrast hoped for improvement in externalising factors. Goals outside the scope of CAMHS were also noted for both groups. Conclusion: Attention to children/young people and their parents/carers' expectations of services is needed to improve therapeutic relationships and engagement. Improvement in mental health literacy and practitioners' guidance is required to allow service users to set realistic and achievable treatment goals.

English
This article reports on a study that explored the views of 61 medical education stakeholders about the teaching and learning of cultural diversity in UK medical schools. While a majority of the respondents were familiar with Tomorrow's doctors, there is little evidence to suggest that it influenced the development of cultural diversity in medical schools or that the GMC's intentions have been implemented in any meaningful way. We conclude that there are gaps at each of three levels of policy that have led to a lack of coherence in the development and delivery of cultural diversity teaching in the UK.

Background: Despite being recognized by the World Health Organization as a significant social and health concern, information on suicidal behaviours in Nigerian adolescents is unknown. Aims: To establish the prevalence and associated psychosocial correlates of suicidal ideation and attempts in Nigerian youth. Methods: Stratified sampling was used to identify youth aged 10—17 years who completed the Nigeria version of the Global School Health Questionnaire (GSHQ) and the Diagnostic Predictive Scale (DPS) for youths (suicidal behaviour questions) in a classroom setting. Results: A total of 1429 youth completed the instruments. Over 20% reported suicidal ideation and approximately 12% reported that they had attempted suicide in the last year. Adolescents living in urban areas, from polygamous or disrupted families, had higher rates of suicidal behaviour. Multiple psychosocial factors such as sexual abuse, physical attack and involvement in physical fights were significant predictors of suicidal behaviour. Conclusion: Factors associated with suicidal ideation and behaviours are similar to those found in other studies but the rates of both suicidal ideation and attempts are towards the upper limit of rates for youth. This study suggests that there is an urgent need for Nigerian policymakers and health providers to review and address this issue.

The aim of this study was to explore Gujarati parents' and adolescents' perceptions of child and adolescent mental health services and how these should be improved to best meet their needs. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were carried out with 15 parents and 15 young people, recruited from a community centre. Overall, the quality of the service appeared more important than its responsiveness to culture or ethnicity for both young people and their parents. These findings indicate the need for further evidence and debate on whether Black and ethnic minority families should be treated as though they are a homogenous group.

For health policies to be effective in practice, they need to be communicated and translated at strategic and operational levels and to be integrated into clinical practice. There is little empirical evidence to understand whether this happens and, if it does, whether it does so effectively. In the present study the views of professional healthcare staff from one service field (child mental health) are explored in order to ascertain their views on the translation of policy into practice through thematic analysis. Key themes of limited awareness, lack of strategic policies and problems in linking evidence carry implications for the development and strategies of policies. The interviews demonstrate that there is limited evidence that policies are being communicated as effectively as they could be, and we make recommendations on how these could be translated and implemented more effectively in the future.

Background: Despite the fact that about 10% of children experience mental health problems, they tend to hold negative views about mental illness. The objective of this study was to investigate the views of Nigerian schoolchildren towards individuals with mental illness or mental health problems. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used. Junior and senior secondary schoolchildren from rural and urban southwest Nigeria were asked: 'What sorts of words or phrases might you use to describe someone who experiences mental health problems?' The responses were tabulated, grouped and interpreted by qualitative thematic analysis. Results: Of 164 students, 132 (80.5%) responded to the question. Six major themes emerged from the answers. The most popular descriptions were 'derogatory terms' (33%). This was followed by 'abnormal appearance and behaviour' (29.6%); 'don't know' answers (13.6%); 'physical illness and disability' (13.6%); 'negative emotional states' (6.8%); and 'language and communication difficulties' (3.4%). Conclusion: The results suggest that, similar to findings elsewhere, stigmatization of mental illness is highly prevalent among Nigerian children. This may be underpinned by lack of knowledge regarding mental health problems and/or fuelled by the media. Educational interventions and encouraging contact with mentally ill persons could play a role in reducing stigma among schoolchildren.

Há cada vez mais evidências de associações abordando a percepção de discriminação e seu impacto prejudicial como perpetuador de disparidades de saúde física e mental. O objetivo é usar métodos descritivos para contribuir em uma melhor compreensão das relações entre diferentes categorias de percepção de discriminação e grupos específicos de sintomas mentais e comportamentais. Este é um estudo transversal, realizado na Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), uma instituição pública brasileira, com a coleta de diversas variáveis independentes sociodemográficas e as variáveis dependentes foram os resultados da saúde mental, cuja presença foi avaliada através da utilização de instrumentos quantitativos. Os dados pareados foram digitados e analisados usando SPSS, versão 16.0 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, EUA). Foram realizadas análises de regressão logística, com ambos os modelos uni e multivariada para estudo da associação das variáveis experiências percebidas de discriminação foram frequentemente relatadas (69,4%). Graduandos negros/pardos relataram mais discriminação com base na cor da pele e desempenho acadêmico. A partir dos resultados da avaliação da saúde mental, as queixas de depressão, ansiedade e abuso de substância eram muito comuns. Queixas psicológicas, uso de substâncias psicoativas e consequentes comportamentos de risco foram frequentes entre o grupo de estudantes de graduação brasileiros investigados neste estudo, assim como percepções de diferentes categorias de experiências discriminatórias. Estudos futuros deverão explorar o impacto longitudinal de cada categoria de discriminação percebida e associações causais com diagnósticos psiquiátricos específicos, consequências adversas pessoais e sociais e a busca de ajuda ou tratamento.

Marking Jessica Kingsley Publishers' 30th anniversary of publishing books that make a difference, this collection of articles gives insight into social change achieved during the last 30 years. With contributors looking at both the positive and negatives aspects of their field, it offers a unique look into a diverse array of disciplines