Suchergebnisse

BASED ON A NATIONWIDE GALLUP POLL CONDUCTED IN MEXICO IN MAY 1988, THE AUTHORS STUDY VOTERS WHO SAID THAT THEY HAD VOTED FOR MEXICO'S RULING PARTY (THE INSTITUTIONAL REVOLUTIONARY PARTY--PRI) IN 1982 BUT WOULD NOT IN THE JULY 1988 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION. BY MEANS OF LOGISTIC REGRESSION, THEY ARGUE THAT THE INTENDED BEHAVIOUR OF THESE SELF-IDENTIFIED PRI DEFECTORS IS BEST EXPLAINED BY THEIR JUDGEMENTS ABOUT THE PROSPECTS FOR THE POLITICAL REGIME'S INSTITUTIONS AND BY THEIR VIEW OF CANDIDATE CARLOS SALINAS'S PERSONAL QUALITIES. DEFECTION WAS NOT EXPLAINED.

Los escritos que Manuel Alonso de Viado publicó durante la Guerra de la Independencia son una buena muestra del papel que los partidarios de José Bonaparte desempeñaron en los orígenes ideológicos del progresismo español. En ellos se repite, con una contundencia hasta entonces impensable en España, una idea común de los ilustrados europeos: que la decadencia española era fruto del fanatismo religioso. Pero no por eso carecen de patriotismo. Con la misma claridad, se enfrentan al tópico que atribuía la decadencia nacional al carácter del pueblo español e insisten en culpar únicamente a clérigos y gobernantes. De este modo, defienden el honor patrio al mismo tiempo que justifican la intervención napoleónica en España: sólo un cambio drástico en el gobierno y en las leyes del país podía permitir que los talentos españoles contribuyesen libremente al progreso de su patria. ; The writings of Manuel Alonso de Viado during the Peninsular War offer evidence of the significant but largely ignored role played by the supporters of Joseph Bonaparte in the ideological development of modern Spanish liberalism. With an openness previously unthinkable in Spain, those writings repeated an idea many times expressed in other European countries since the Early Enlightenment: that the decline of Spain was caused by religious fanaticism. But however much they copied some arguments from the so-called Black Legend, these were not anti-patriotic writings. They firmly rejected the widespread attribution of Spanish decline to the national character of its people, and insisted that clerics and rulers were the only ones to blame. In this way they defended the honour of the nation while at the same time justifying the Napoleonic intervention in Spain: only a drastic change in the country's government and legislation could free Spanish minds from the chains that until then had prevented them from contributing to national progress. ; Les écrits que Manuel Alonso de Viado publia pendant la Guerre d'Indépendance constituent un bel exemple du rôle joué par les partisans de Joseph Bonaparte dans les origines idéologiques du progressisme espagnol. On retrouve répété dans ces derniers, avec une force jusque là impensable en Espagne, une idée récurrente chez les penseurs des Lumières en Europe : à savoir que la décadence espagnole était le fruit du fanatisme religieux. Pour autant ces écrits ne manquent pas de patriotisme. Avec la même franchise, ils s'attaquent au lieu commun qui attribuait la décadence nationale au caractère du peuple espagnol et insistent pour faire porter la culpabilité aux clercs et aux dirigeants. Ainsi, ils défendent l'honneur national en même temps qu'ils justifient l'intervention napoléonienne en Espagne : seul un changement drastique dans le gouvernement et dans les lois du pays pourra permettre aux talents espagnols de contribuer librement au progrès de leur patrie.

The recent statements of both the European Union and the US Presidency pushed in the direction of using renewable forms of energy, in order to act against climate changes induced by the growing concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. In this paper, a survey regarding methods and tools presently available to determine potential and exploitable energy in the most important renewable sectors (i.e., solar, wind, wave, biomass and geothermal energy) is presented. Moreover, challenges for each renewable resource are highlighted as well as the available tools that can help in evaluating the use of a mix of different sources. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

We have provided an overview on the profound impact of COVID-19 upon older people with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias and the challenges encountered in our management of dementia in different health-care settings, including hospital, out-patient, care homes, and the community during the COVID-19 pandemic. We have also proposed a conceptual framework and practical suggestions for health-care providers in tackling these challenges, which can also apply to the care of older people in general, with or without other neurological diseases, such as stroke or parkinsonism. We believe this review will provide strategic directions and set standards for health-care leaders in dementia, including governmental bodies around the world in coordinating emergency response plans for protecting and caring for older people with dementia amid the COIVD-19 outbreak, which is likely to continue at varying severity in different regions around the world in the medium term.

The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (1) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (2) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma and rhinitis and (3) to develop guidelines with all stakeholders that could be used globally for all countries and populations. ARIA-disseminated and implemented in over 70 countries globally-is now focusing on the implementation of emerging technologies for individualized and predictive medicine. MASK [MACVIA (Contre les Maladies Chroniques pour un Vieillissement Actif)-ARIA Sentinel NetworK] uses mobile technology to develop care pathways for the management of rhinitis and asthma by a multi-disciplinary group and by patients themselves. An app (Android and iOS) is available in 20 countries and 15 languages. It uses a visual analogue scale to assess symptom control and work productivity as well as a clinical decision support system. It is associated with an inter-operable tablet for physicians and other health care professionals. The scaling up strategy uses the recommendations of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing. 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Med Univ Graz, Dept ENT, Graz, Austria ; Vilnius Univ, Fac Med, Clin Childrens Dis, Vilnius, Lithuania ; Vilnius Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Vilnius, Lithuania ; European Acad Paediat EAP UEMS SP, Brussels, Belgium ; Univ Turku, Dept Lung Dis & Clin Allergol, Turku, Finland ; Terveystalo, Allergy Clin, Turku, Finland ; Univ Bari, Sch Med, Unit Geriatr Immunoallergol, Bari, Italy ; Soder Sjukhuset, Sachs Children & Youth Hosp, Stockholm, Sweden ; Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Stockholm, Sweden ; Queens Univ, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland ; Celal Bayar Univ, Dept Pulmonol, Manisa, Turkey ; Med Univ Graz, Dept Dermatol, Graz, Austria ; Univ Zurich, Swiss Inst Allergy & Asthma Res SIAF, Davos, Switzerland ; Hosp Quiron Bizkaia, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Erandio, Spain ; Barcelona Inst Global Hlth ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain ; IMIM Hosp Mar Res Inst, Barcelona, Spain ; CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ CIBERESP, Barcelona, Spain ; Univ Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain ; Kyomed, Montpellier, France ; 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Univ Milan, IRCCS Fdn CaGranda Osped Maggiore Policlin, Dept Pathophysiol & Transplantat, Milan, Italy ; Univ Verona Hosp, Dept Pediat, Verona, Italy ; Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Publ Hlth & Infect Dis, Rome, Italy ; Univ Naples 2, Naples, Italy ; Italian Natl Res Council, Inst Translat Med, Naples, Italy ; Univ Laval, Quebec Heart & Lung Inst, Quebec City, PQ, Canada ; Univ Glasgow, Inst Hlth & Wellbeing, Hlth Econ & Hlth Technol Assessment, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland ; Univ Hosp Leicester NHS Trust, Inst Lung Hlth, Resp Biomed Unit, Leicester, Leics, England ; Univ Leicester, Dept Infect Immun & Inflammat, Leicester, Leics, England ; Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Univ Med, Mainz, Germany ; Univ Med & Farm Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania ; Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Royal Brompton Hosp NHS, London, England ; Ctr Med Docente Trinidad, Caracas, Venezuela ; Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, London, England ; Reg Languedoc Roussillon, Montpellier, France ; Hosp Valle De Hebron, S Allergol S Med Interna, Barcelona, Spain ; CEDOC, Resp Res Grp, Nova Med Sch, Lisbon, Portugal ; Ctr Hosp Lisboa Cent, EPE, Serv Imunoalergol, Lisbon, Portugal ; Reg Minist Hlth Andalusia, Seville, Spain ; Oslo Univ Hosp, Dept Paediat, Oslo, Norway ; Univ Oslo, Oslo, Norway ; Allergy & Asthma Associates Southern Calif, Mission Viejo, CA USA ; Metropolitan Univ, Univ Simon Bolivar, Allergy & Immunol Lab, Barranquilla, Colombia ; SLaai Sociedad Latinoamer Allergia Asma & Immunol, Cartagena, Colombia ; Gerontopole Toulouse, F-31059 Toulouse, France ; Univ Crete, Fac Med, Dept Social Med, Iraklion, NE, Greece ; Univ CEU San Pablo, Sch Med, Madrid, Spain ; Grigol Robakidze Univ, David Tvildiani Med Univ, AIETI Med Sch, Chachava Clin, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia ; Pulmonolory Res Inst FMBA, Moscow, Russia ; GARD Execut Comm, Moscow, Russia ; IRCCS Azienda Osped Univ San Martino, Dept Med, Genoa, Italy ; Univ Minho, Sch Hlth Sci, Res Inst ICVS, ICVS 3BsPT Govt Associate Lab,Life & Hlth Sci, Braga, Portugal ; Nova Southeastern Univ, Dept Med, Davie, FL USA ; Scottish Ctr Telehealth & Telecare, NHS 24, European Innovat Partnership Act & Hlth Ageing, Reference Site,EIP AHA, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland ; Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Pediat, London, England ; Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Ctr Allergy Res, Stockholm, Sweden ; Tech Univ Munich, Dept Dermatol & Allergy, Munich, Germany ; Helmholtz Ctr Munich, ZAUM Ctr Allergy & Environm, Munich, Germany ; AQuAS, Barcelona, Spain ; European Reg & Local Hlth Assoc, EUREGHA, Brussels, Belgium ; Luliu Hatieganu Univ Med & Pharm, Allergol & Immunol Discipline, Cluj Napoca, Romania ; McMaster Univ, Dept Med, Div Clin Immunol & Allergy, Hamilton, ON, Canada ; Peercode DV, Amsterdam, Netherlands ; Rangueil Larrey Hosp, Dept Resp Dis, Toulouse, France ; Univ Paris 05, Hop Cochin, AP HP, Serv Physiol Resp, Paris, France ; Ss Cyril & Methodius Univ, Fac Med, Univ Clin Pulmol & Allergy, Skopje, Macedonia ; Ctr Hosp Univ Beni Messous, Serv Pneumoallergol, Algiers, Algeria ; Ecole Mines, Ales, France ; Vilnius Univ, Fac Med, Vilnius, Lithuania ; Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, Allergy & Clin Immunol Sect, London, England ; Kings Coll London, Guys & St Thomas NHS Trust, London, England ; St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Sect Allergy & Immunol, St Louis, MO USA ; Umea Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Umea, Sweden ; Four Comp Oy, Halikko, Finland ; Ain Shams Univ, Pediat Allergy & Immunol Unit, Cairo, Egypt ; Social Serv & Publ Safety, Dept Hlth, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland ; Global Allergy & Asthma Platform, Altgasse 8-10, A-1130 Vienna, Austria ; Bambino Gesu Childrens Res Hosp Holy See, Dept Pediat Med, Div Allergy, Rome, Italy ; Educ Hlth, Warwick, England ; Reg Hlth Serv Lazio Reg, Dept Epidemiol, Rome, Italy ; Athens Chest Hosp, Athens, Greece ; Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth Georgia, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia ; Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Fac Med, Dept Pulm Dis, Istanbul, Turkey ; Clin Ricardo Palma, Allergy & Immunol Div, Lima, Peru ; Erasmus MC, Dept Internal Med, Sect Allergol, Rotterdam, Netherlands ; Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, San Nicolas De Los Garza, Mexico ; Latvian Assoc Allergists, Ctr TB & Lung Dis, Riga, Latvia ; Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA ; Univ Hosp Olomouc, Natl eHlth Ctr, Olomouc, Czech Republic ; Univ Chile, Clin Hosp, Immunol & Allergy Div, Santiago, Chile ; Odense Univ Hosp, Dept Resp Dis, Odense, Denmark ; German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Inst Epidemiol 1, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Neuherberg, Germany ; Vienna Challenge Chamber, Vienna, Austria ; Univ Coll Cork, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Cork, Ireland ; Univ Paris 11, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France ; Hop Bicetre, Serv Pneumol, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France ; INSERM, UMR S999, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France ; Univ Plymouth, Sch Psychol, Plymouth, Devon, England ; Univ Salerno, Dept Med & Surg, Baronissi, Italy ; Libra Fdn, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina ; Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, Airway Dis Infect Sect, London, England ; MRC & Asthma UK Ctr Allerg Mech Asthma, London, England ; Ghent Univ Hosp, Dept Resp Med, Ghent, Belgium ; Montpellier Univ Hosp, Med Commiss, Montpellier, France ; Hallym Univ, Coll Med, Hallym Univ Sacred Heart Hosp, Anyang, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea ; Wroclaw Med Univ, Dept Clin Immunol, Wroclaw, Poland ; Ukrainian Med Stomatol Acad, Poltava, Ukraine ; Fed Medicobiol Agcy, Inst Immunol, Natl Res Ctr, Lab Mol Immunol, Moscow, Russia ; Hacettepe Univ, Sch Med, Pediat Allergy & Asthma Unit, Ankara, Turkey ; Hacettepe Univ, Sch Med, Dept Chest Dis, Immunol & Allergy Div, Ankara, Turkey ; Med Univ Lodz, Dept Family Med 1, Lodz, Poland ; McMaster Univ, Dept Med, Hlth Sci Ctr 3V47, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, Canada ; Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Pulm Dis, Groningen, Netherlands ; GARD, Geneva, Switzerland ; Univ Hosp Olomouc, Fac Med & Dent, Dept Resp Med, Olomouc, Czech Republic ; Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, GRIAC Res Inst, Beatrix Childrens Hosp,Dept Pediat Pulmonol & Ped, Groningen, Netherlands ; Med Univ Lodz, Deptment Immunol Rheumatol & Allergy & HARC, Lodz, Poland ; Univ Helsinki, Childrens Hosp, Helsinki, Finland ; Vilnius Univ, Clin Infect Chest Dis Dermatol & Allergol, Vilnius, Lithuania ; Univ Ghent, VIB Inflammat Res Ctr, Ghent, Belgium ; Charite, Dept Pediat Pneumol & Immunol, Berlin, Germany ; Univ Med & Pharm, Hochiminh City, Vietnam ; Univ Tennessee, Coll Med, Dept Internal Med & Pediat, Div Allergy & Immunol, Germantown, TN USA ; Univ Dundee, Ninewells Hosp, Med Res Inst, Scottish Ctr Resp Res Cardiovasc & Diabet Med, Dundee, Scotland ; Guangzhou Med Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Guangzhou Inst Resp Dis, State Key Lab Resp Dis, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China ; Univ Oslo, Fac Med, Inst Clin Med, Oslo, Norway ; CHU Sart Tilman, Dept Pulm Med, Liege, Belgium ; Med Univ Vienna, Ctr Pathophysiol Infectiol & Immunol, Dept Pathophysiol & Allergy Res, Div Immunopathol, Vienna, Austria ; Univ Edinburgh, Queens Med Res Inst, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland ; Hop St Joseph, Serv Pneumoallergol, Paris, France ; Univ Nantes, UMR INSERM, Serv Pneumol, UMR1087, Nantes, France ; Univ Nantes, Inst Thorax, CNR 6291, Nantes, France ; Rashid Hosp, Dept Pulm Med, Dubai, U Arab Emirates ; Biomax Informat AG, Munich, Germany ; Univ Bratislava, Dept Resp Med, Bratislava, Slovakia ; Univ Coimbra, Fac Med, Inst Biomed Imaging & Life Sci, Coimbra, Portugal ; Ageing@Coimbra EIP AHA Reference Site, Coimbra, Portugal ; Bon Secours Hosp, Dept Med, Dublin, Ireland ; Kronikgune, Basque Region, Spain ; Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Div Clin Immunol & Allergy, Lab Behav Immunol Res, Jackson, MS USA ; Iranian Anti Tobacco Assoc, Tobacco Control Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran ; Maputo Cent Hosp, Dept Paediat, Maputo, Mozambique ; Allergy & Asthma Med Grp & Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA ; Univ Montpellier, Dept Physiol, CHRU, PhyMedExp,INSERM U1046,CNRS UMR 9214, Montpellier, France ; Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Univ Klinikum, Hautklin Klin Dermatol & Allergol, Aachen, Germany ; Croatian Pulm Soc, Zagreb, Croatia ; Natl Inst Pneumol M Nasta, Bucharest, Romania ; Univ Belgrade, Fac Med, Belgrade, Serbia ; Serbian Assoc Asthma & COPD, Belgrade, Serbia ; Caisse Assurance Retraite & Sante Travail Langued, Montpellier, France ; Tishreen Univ, Sch Med, Natl Ctr Res Chron Resp Dis, Latakia, Syria ; Paris Descartes Univ, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Dept Publ Hlth & Hlth Prod, EA 4064, Paris, France ; Paris Municipal Dept Social Act Childhood & Hlth, Paris, France ; Univ Cologne, Fac Med, Inst Med Stat Informat & Epidemiol, Cologne, Germany ; Padua Gen Univ Hosp, Dept Women & Child Hlth, Food Allergy Referral Ctr Veneto Reg, Padua, Italy ; Russian Acad Med Sci, Sci Ctr Childrens Hlth, Moscow, Russia ; Hosp Ninos Orlando Alassia, Santa Fe, Argentina ; Hosp Hosp Bros Buda, Budapest, Hungary ; Hosp La Fe, Neumol & Alergol Infantil, Valencia, Spain ; Ctr Hosp Sao Joao, Dept Internal Med, Oporto, Portugal ; Univ Hosp Kinshasa, ENT Dept, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO ; Tokyo Natl Hosp, Natl Hosp Org, Tokyo, Japan ; Chiba Univ Hosp, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Chiba, Japan ; Nippon Med Sch, Dept Otolaryngol, Tokyo, Japan ; Ctr Hosp Univ Pediatr Charles Gaulle, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso ; Univ Hosp Pisa, Cardiothorac & Vasc Dept, Pisa, Italy ; Med Univ, Univ Vet Med, Messerli Res Inst, Dept Comparat Med, Vienna, Austria ; Charles Univ Prague, Fac Med, Dept Immunol & Allergol, Plzen, Czech Republic ; Charles Univ Prague, Fac Hosp Pilsen, Plzen, Czech Republic ; Univ Ferrara, Dept Med Sci, Resp Med, Ferrara, Italy ; Ajou Univ, Sch Med, Dept Allergy & Clin Immunol, Suwon, South Korea ; Univ Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark ; CUF Porto Hosp & Inst, Allergy Unit, Oporto, Portugal ; Heidelberg Univ, Med Fac Mannheim, Univ Med Mannheim, Dept Otorhinolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Mannheim, Germany ; Minist Econ Ind & Numer, Conseil Gen Econ, Paris, France ; Espace Francophone Pneumol, Soc Pneumol Langue Francaise, Paris, France ; CHU Grenoble, Dept Pediat, Grenoble, France ; Childrens Hosp Srebrnjak, Zagreb, Croatia ; Univ JJ Strossmayer, Sch Med, Osijek, Croatia ; Hietzing Hosp, Karl Landsteiner Inst Clin & Expt Pneumol, Vienna, Austria ; Med Univ Sofia, Clin Allergy & Asthma, Sofia, Bulgaria ; Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands ; Copenhagen Univ Hosp Gentofte, Allergy Clin, Lab Med Allergol, Copenhagen, Denmark ; Univ Aberdeen, Acad Ctr Primary Care, Aberdeen, Scotland ; Res Real Life, Cambridge, England ; German Ctr Lung Res DZL, Airway Res Ctr North, LungenClin Grosshansdorf, Grosshansdorf, Germany ; Univ Kiel, German Ctr Lung Res DZL, Airway Res Ctr North, Dept Med, Kiel, Germany ; Southampton Univ Hosp, NHS Fdn Trust, Southampton, Hants, England ; Coimbra Univ Hosp, Ctr Pneumol, Coimbra, Portugal ; Univ Valencia, Polibienestar Res Inst, Valencia, Spain ; Getafe Univ Hosp, Dept Geriatr, Madrid, Spain ; Assoc Asthme & Allergie, Paris, France ; Inst Invest Sanitaria Palma IdisPa, Primary Care Resp Res Unit, Palma De Mallorca, Spain ; Complesso Integrato Columbus, Allergy Unit, Rome, Italy ; Hosp Luz, Serv Imunoalergol, Lisbon, Portugal ; Univ Parana, Hosp Clin, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil ; Emek Med Ctr, Div Allergy Asthma & Clin Immunol, Afula, Israel ; Ctr Med Docente Trinidad & Clin El Avila, Allergy & Clin Immunol Dept, Caracas, Venezuela ; Autononous Univ Madrid, Fac Med, Madrid, Spain ; UCL, Royal Natl TNE Hosp, London, England ; Univ Palermo, DIBIMIS, Palermo, Italy ; Univ Zurich Hosp, Dept Dermatol, Allergy Unit, Zurich, Switzerland ; CHU Rangueil Larrey, Otolaryngol & Head & Neck Surg, Toulouse, France ; Queens Univ, Child Hlth, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland ; Royal Belfast Hosp Sick Children, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland ; Univ Joseph Fourier, Team Environm Epidemiol Appl Reprod & Resp Hlth, Univ Grenoble Alpes, INSERM,IAB U 1209, Grenoble, France ; Soc Paraguaya Alergia Asma & Inmunol, Asuncion, Paraguay ; Univ Utrecht, Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Julius Ctr Hlth Sci & Primary Care, Utrecht, Netherlands ; Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Pediat, Div Allergy Clin Immunol & Rheumatol, Sao Paulo, Brazil ; Euro Asian Resp Soc, Kyrgyzstan Natl Ctr Cardiol & Internal Med, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan ; Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Hosp Clin, Div Pulm,Inst Heart InCor, Sao Paulo, Brazil ; Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Amsterdam, Netherlands ; European Union Geriatr Med Soc EUGMS, Helsinki, Finland ; Maastricht Univ, CAPHRI Sch Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Dept Epidemiol, Maastricht, Netherlands ; IDIBAPS, Hosp Clin, Pneumol & Allergy Dept, Clin & Expt Resp Immunoallergy, Barcelona, Spain ; PELyon, Lyon, France ; Univ Claude Bernard Lyon, Hlth Serv & Performance Res, HESPER 7425, Villeurbanne, France ; Univ Hosp, Stockholm, Sweden ; Catholic Univ Louvain, Univ UCL Namur, Ctr Hosp Univ UCL Namur, Dept Chest Med, Yvoir, Belgium ; Philippines Soc Allergy Asthma & Immunol, Manila, Philippines ; Res Hosp, Arcispedale S Maria Nuova IRCCS, Dept Cardiol Thorac & Vasc Med, Pulm Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy ; Reg Agcy Hlth & Social Care, Reggio Emilia, Italy ; Finnish Lung Assoc FILHA, Helsinki, Finland ; CNR Inst Clin Physiol, Pulm Environm Epidemiol Unit, Pisa, Italy ; CNR, Inst Biomed & Mol Immunol A Monroy, Palermo, Italy ; Sotiria Hosp, Athens, Greece ; Univ Klinikum Dusseldorf, HNO Klin, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Dusseldorf, Germany ; Asthma UK, Mansell St, London, England ; Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol, Singapore, Singapore ; Hannover Med Sch, Dept Dermatol & Allergy, Div Immunodermatol & Allergy Res, Hannover, Germany ; Univ N Carolina, Eshelman Sch Pharm, Chapel Hill, NC USA ; IPCRG, Aberdeen, Scotland ; Bradford Royal Infirm, Bradford Inst Hlth Res, Bradford, W Yorkshire, England ; Olmsted Med Ctr, Dept Res, Rochester, MN USA ; Univ Cyprus, Sch Med, Nicosia, Cyprus ; Allergy & Asthma Inst, Lahore, Pakistan ; Univ Southampton, Social Sci, Southampton, Hants, England ; Univ Cape Town, Red Cross Childrens Hosp, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Cape Town, South Africa ; Univ Cape Town, MRC Unit Child & Adolescent Hlth, Cape Town, South Africa ; Univ Catolica Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina ; Beijing TongRen Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Beijing, Peoples R China ; Beijing Inst Otolaryngol, Beijing, Peoples R China ; Univ Clin Resp & Allerg Dis, Golnik, Slovenia ; Northern Hlth Alliance, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England ; CHRU Arnaud Villeneuve, 371 Ave Doyen Gaston Giraud, Montpellier 5, France ; Division of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil ; Web of Science