Suchergebnisse

AbstractThe shared paradigms of society, the public discourse, the deepest assumptions about how the world works, these are the ultimate sources of system structure and the primary obstacles to structural change. The reigning paradigms of the western world are astonishingly unsystematic, and they give rise to badly structured, difficult‐to‐manage large‐scale social systems with persistent problems, such as pollution, poverty, and war. One way to contribute to the restructuring of those systems is to bring more clear, accurate, and inclusive systems concepts into the public discourse—to communicate systems insights regularly and powerfully through the press.Even the simplest ideas of system dynamics—stocks, flows, positive and negative feedback, the effect of delays, the importance of nonlinearity—can help to clarify public discussion and improve public policy. They must be communicated without jargon, without mathematics, without loop diagrams. That can be done, and the best partners in doing it are those who are already professionals in the art of public communication—the members of the press.

AbstractIn this unpublished memoir, written in the early 1990s, the late Dana Meadows reflects on the history of The Limits to Growth, including its origins, conclusions, and the reactions it generated. This memoir had been condensed and edited by Dennis Meadows. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

AbstractThis paper is an excerpt from The Electronic Oracle: Computer Models and Social Decisions (Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 1985), by the late Donella Meadows and Jennifer Robinson. The book investigates the practice and impact of systems analysis and computer modeling, particularly as applied to social policy. The authors explore the nature of models, the biases and hidden assumptions of different modeling methods, the pragmatics of the modeling process, and the impact of modeling on the real world. These issues are approached through detailed case studies of nine models designed to address issues of economic development, resources and the environment. The models used methods including econometrics, linear programming, input/output analysis, and system dynamics. Though the models were "identified as 'better than average'" by the authors and by "other modelers, clients, and sponsors," Meadows and Robinson (p. 104) found "mismatches of methods with purposes, sloppy documentation, absurd assumptions buried in overcomplex structures, conclusions that do not even follow from model output, and project management strategies that destroy the possibility of influencing actual policy." The record in the world of business modeling is at least as dismal. The excerpt presented here focuses on implementation. The authors explore why so many modeling projects fail and present guidelines for improvement. The methods developed in the book to expose hidden assumptions, to make undiscussable values and biases discussable, remain central to anyone seeking to have an impact on the real world. The book both anticipated and shaped important developments, including the focus on 'modeling for learning,' group model building, and the systems thinking and organizational learning movements. Yet despite welcome advances in hardware, software, and modeling methods since the book was written, we have not yet realized the authors' vision of a world in which modelers are not only scientific and rigorous, but also "compassionate, humble, open‐minded, responsible, self‐insightful, and committed." John Sterman Copyright © 1985 International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis. Reprinted by permission.