Suchergebnisse

The major challenges confronting municipalities in South Africa are poor governance, lack of effective performance, backlogs in service delivery, over- and in most cases under-spending on capital infrastructure, and poor audit outcomes. It is therefore very important for municipalities to deliver on the constitutional mandate as enshrined in the South African Constitution in terms of Section 153. Municipalities need to structure and manage the organisation's budgeting, administration and planning processes effectively in terms of their strategic five-year Integrated Development Plan (IDP). The research problem of this study encompasses the assessment of the capital budget planning processes and expenditure patterns in relation to capital infrastructure to determine whether the planning processes followed are in alignment with the IDP and the relevant legislation. The core objective of the research was to investigate the extent to which the Overstrand Municipality funded their capital budget with external borrowing in terms of the budget planning process in relation to capital infrastructure spending over a three year period in compliance with the relevant legislation.

This article observes the way in which great contemporary transformations (economic, political and cultural) have an impact in the daily life of family, childhood and youth. Toward the problematic area, the literature of social sciences around the concept of management of social risk is explored, more specifically in the scope of childhood and youth in a difficult situation. In fact, the theory of the risk has nowadays become a great preoccupation, perhaps exaggerated and politically interested. This documentary observation predominantly collects and resists of materials of the United Kingdom, Latin America and Chile. Part of an historical revision of the risk concept identifies a series of theoretical schemes to approach it, and soon it is centered in the debate of management of the risk in relation to childhood in a difficult situation. It is observed that there is still lack of a model for social intervention of risk. Nevertheless, a continuation between two great tendencies is identified: one that is centered in control and looks to avoid the risk, whereas the other emphasizes the participation and the empowerment, taking positive risks. Questions for future investigations in this scope are included. ; Este artículo observa como las grandes transformaciones (económicas, políticas y culturales) contemporáneas impactan en la vida cotidiana de la familia, niñez y juventud. Desde aquella problemática, se explora la literatura de las ciencias sociales en torno al concepto de gestión del riesgo social, más específicamente en el ámbito de la niñez y juventud en situación de dificultad. De hecho, la teoría del riesgo se ha convertido hoy en día en una gran preocupación, quizás exagerada y políticamente interesada. Esta observación documental recoge y contrasta información de materiales predominantemente del Reino Unido, América Latina y Chile. Parte de una revisión histórica del concepto de riesgo, identifica una serie de esquemas teóricos para abordarlo, y luego se centra en el debate de la gestión del riesgo con ...