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The economic & residential development literatures are culled to construct an indicator of local economic development issue controversy, which is then tested using 1990 mail survey data from 135 economic development officials in 155 US cities. Results indicate that higher levels of controversy are associated with lower levels of development promotion & policy adoption. 3 Tables, 1 Figure, 40 References. Adapted from the source document.

AbstractBackgroundPrevious findings regarding the association between benzodiazepine exposure and dementia have conflicted, though many have not accounted for anticholinergic exposure. The goal of this study was to evaluate the association of benzodiazepine exposure with the risk of developing dementia, accounting for the anticholinergic burden.MethodsUsing a retrospective cohort design, we identified veterans 65 or older without dementia during a 10-year baseline period and then followed participants for 5 years to evaluate the risk of dementia diagnosis. The primary exposure was cumulative benzodiazepine exposure. Cox proportional hazards survival model was used to examine the association between benzodiazepine exposure and dementia, adjusting for anticholinergic burden and other demographic and clinical characteristics associated with increased dementia risk.ResultsOf the 528 006 veterans in the study cohort, 28.5% had at least one fill for a benzodiazepine. Overall, 7.9% developed a diagnosis of dementia during the observation period. Compared to veterans with no exposure to benzodiazepines, the adjusted hazard ratios for dementia risk were 1.06 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.10) for low benzodiazepine exposure, 1.05 (95% CI 1.01–1.09) for medium benzodiazepine exposure, and 1.05 (95% CI 1.02–1.09) for high benzodiazepine exposure.ConclusionsCumulative benzodiazepine exposure was minimally associated with increased dementia risk when compared with nonuse but did not increase in a dose-dependent fashion with higher exposure. Veterans with low benzodiazepine exposure had essentially the equivalent risk of developing dementia as veterans with high exposure. While benzodiazepines are associated with many side effects for older adults, higher cumulative use does not appear to increase dementia risk.

Legumes Translated is a new thematic network in Horizon 2020. It supports the Agricultural European Innovation Partnership (EIP Agri) by linking research- and practice-based knowledge to support legume cropping and use. It is therefore in line with the recently announced European Protein Plan (European Commission 2018) that mentions a knowledge platform for protein crops. The overall goal is to support the production and use of grain legume crops in Europe as part of an overall change in protein sourcing and use (Donau Soja, 2017). The challenges that legumes crops can help address are well-documented: the need for more diversity in cropping with more crops that support pollinators; yield stagnation in cereal-dominated systems (e.g. Brisson et al., 2010; Watson et al., 2017); and a 29% deficit in tradable plant protein that is met by about 35 million tonnes of soybean equivalent imported from the Americas (Murphy-Bokern et al., 2017). This is a fundamental challenge to the resilience, acceptance and performance of our agri-food systems. There are indications that Europe is now on the cusp of a significant change manifest in the positive political response to the Donau Soja European Soya Declaration and the European Commission's work on Europe's protein balance. Thematic networks are a key element of the EIP Agri. funded from Horizon 2020. They complement both operational groups and Horizon 2020 research and innovation projects by compiling and validating existing knowledge and best practices and providing wider access to this knowledge with particular emphasis on trans-national border knowledge interaction. Legumes Translated has three underlying principles: empowerment of innovators through understanding; practice- and research-based sources of knowledge are mutually supportive; and cropping and farming system innovation must go hand-in-hand with corresponding value chain developments (especially in livestock).