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There is no end or teleology to the struggle for human rights. There is no economic development as warranty for the abolition of human rights violations. There is no justice system immune to examples of injustice and inhumane behaviour. However, universal human rights are one way to ensure that humanitarian movements win one victory at a time. The paper discusses how Portugal, Greece and Spain each have surprisingly diverse human rights struggles, depending on their histories. No wonder that in much different countries, western countries or else, the human rights struggles are so different. Regardless, these facts should not provide an excuse for social theory to avoid understanding what is universal wherever human rights activists are involved. Social theory should take as its goal to show how in each and every society, regardless of very different history, culture or politics, humans share universal needs and desires that transcend their differences.

If one needs to isolate emotions in a social context, this is a good opportunity. Few speeches and a lot of action which main protagonist are silent and the secondary protagonists, for instance the political parties or the outcast groups, do not know what to say about what happened. If one needs to show how a social movement works, well, there is a problem: what happened does not match with the main stream sociological theoretical definition of social movement. So, one has to choose: one can support the theory and forget the subject of study, or to retain the subject and rephrase the theory.

In Europe, Portugal is at the top when we refer to perverse penitentiary indicators. Although Portugal possesses one of the lowest crime rates in the European Union, the country imprisons an amount of detainees that, in Europe, is among the highest. This is due in part to the influence of the North American correctional policy, which incarcerates 2 million prisoners and detains more than 5 million people with judicially limited rights. Other contributing factors to Portugal's relative supremacy in this area are the particular characteristics of the Portuguese judicial process, slow and formalist. It is estimated that at least half of the prisoners in Portugal use "drugs" in jail and around three quarters are in prison for reasons that are either directly or indirectly related with the trafficking of illegal narcotics.

The 80´s developed the Sociology of the body and the Sociology of emotions. Both thematized "embodiment" and argues that traditional specialized social theories are not useful to understand body or emotion, as social study objects. My proposal is to consider a review of classic sociological intuitions about embodiment, taking in account the new understanding of cerebral neurobiology of emotions and feelings, personal and social. The present essay refers to a study of the Damasio´s theory applying to social emotions, developing it to look at sociological fields, as politics of modernity. Human beings are mutable beings, according to our genetic special ability to adapt. We adapt, as persons and groups, by conquering Nature but also by transforming our bodies and our minds and souls in adequate manners we feel and we know useful for each occasion. The social study of human feelings (the key of human transformism out of redutionist rational choice theory) is not only a new subject: it is best a proposal for a theoretical turn in Social Theory To do that we can take the same path of neural biology turn proposed by Damasio.