Suchergebnisse

The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute authors were funded by Wellcome Trust Award #098051. V.K.W. was supported by the Wellcome Trust (#098051) and the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (BRC). N.F. was supported by the Wellcome Trust Research Fellowship #WT092152MA. N.F., R.S.H. and this work were supported by a strategic award from the Wellcome Trust for the MLW Clinical Research Programme (#101113/Z/13/Z). C.P. was funded by The Wellcome Trust Mahidol University Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Programme, supported by the Wellcome Trust of Great Britain (Major Overseas Programmes—Thailand Unit Core Grant), the European Society for Paediatric Infectious Diseases and University of Oxford-Li Ka Shing Global Health Foundation. D.D., P.N. and V.D. were supported by the Wellcome Trust (core grant #089275/H/09/Z). Z.A.D. was supported by the Wellcome Trust (Strategic award #106158). K.E.H. was supported by the NHMRC of Australia (fellowship #1061409) and the Victorian Life Sciences Computation Initiative (VLSCI; grant #VR0082). C.A.M. was supported by a Clinical Research Fellowship from GlaxoSmithKline and PJH by a UK Medical Research Council PhD studentship. This work forms part of an EU FP7 Marie Curie Actions Industry Academia Partnerships and Pathways (IAPP) Consortium Programme, entitled GENDRIVAX (Genome-driven vaccine development for bacterial infections), involving the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, KEMRI Nairobi and Novartis Vaccines Institute for Global Health. The Institut Pasteur (IP) authors were funded by the IP, the Institut de Veille Sanitaire and by the French Government 'Investissement d'Avenir' programme (Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory of Excellence, grant #ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID). C.H.W. was supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MRC; #MR/J003999/1). C.O. was supported by Society in Science, The Branco Weiss Fellowship, administered by the ETH Zurich. A.K.C. was supported by the MRC (#G1100100/1). J.J. was supported by the antibiotic resistance surveillance project in DR Congo, funded by Project 2.01 of the Third Framework Agreement between the Belgian Directorate General of Development Cooperation and the Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium. F.M. was supported by a research grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. J.A.C. was supported by the joint US National Institutes of Health-National Science Foundation Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Disease program (#R01 TW009237) and the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC; #BB/J010367/1), and by UK BBSRC Zoonoses in Emerging Livestock Systems awards #BB/L017679, #BB/L018926 and #BB/L018845. S.K. was supported by the NIH Grant Number R01 AI099525-02. S.B. is a Sir Henry Dale Fellow, jointly funded by the Wellcome Trust and the Royal Society (#100087/Z/12/Z). S.O. was supported by the National Institute Of Allergy And Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health (#R01AI097493). C.D. was supported by the University of Oxford-Li Ka Shing Global Health Programme. A.E.M. was supported by a Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council award (#BB/M014088/1). P.T. was supported by the Wellcome Trust of Great Britain (Major Overseas Programmes—Thailand Unit Core Grant) and University of Oxford-Li Ka Shing Global Health Foundation.

The COVID-19 pandemic is expanding at an unprecedented rate. As a result, diagnostic services are stretched to their limit, and there is a clear need for the provision of additional diagnostic capacity. Academic laboratories, many of which are closed due to governmental lockdowns, may be in a position to support local screening capacity by adapting their current laboratory practices. Here, we describe the process of developing a SARS-Cov2 diagnostic workflow in a conventional academic Containment Level 2 laboratory. Our outline includes simple SARS-Cov2 deactivation upon contact, the method for a quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR detecting SARS-Cov2, a description of process establishment and validation, and some considerations for establishing a similar workflow elsewhere. This was achieved under challenging circumstances through the collaborative efforts of scientists, clinical staff, and diagnostic staff to mitigate to the ongoing crisis. Within 14 days, we created a validated COVID-19 diagnostics service for healthcare workers in our local hospital. The described methods are not exhaustive, but we hope may offer support to other academic groups aiming to set up something comparable in a short time frame.

Typhoid fever remains a significant health problem in sub‐Saharan Africa, with incidence rates of >100 cases per 100,000 person‐years of observation. Despite the prequalification of safe and effective typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCV), some uncertainties remain around future demand. Real‐life effectiveness data, which inform public health programs on the impact of TCVs in reducing typhoid‐related mortality and morbidity, from an African setting may help encourage the introduction of TCVs in high‐burden settings. Here, we describe a cluster‐randomized trial to investigate population‐level protection of TYPBAR‐TCV®, a Vi‐polysaccharide conjugated to a tetanus‐toxoid protein carrier (Vi‐TT) against blood‐culture‐confirmed typhoid fever, and the synthesis of health economic evidence to inform policy decisions. A total of 80 geographically distinct clusters are delineated within the Agogo district of the Asante Akim region in Ghana. Clusters are randomized to the intervention arm receiving Vi‐TT or a control arm receiving the meningococcal A conjugate vaccine. The primary study endpoint is the total protection of Vi‐TT against blood‐culture‐confirmed typhoid fever. Total, direct, and indirect protection are measured as secondary outcomes. Blood‐culture‐based enhanced surveillance enables the estimation of incidence rates in the intervention and control clusters. Evaluation of the real‐world impact of TCVs and evidence synthesis improve the uptake of prequalified/licensed safe and effective typhoid vaccines in public health programs of high burden settings. This trial is registered at the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry, accessible at Pan African Clinical Trials Registry (ID: PACTR202011804563392). © 2021 by the authors. ; Funding: This research funded as part of the EDCTP2 programme supported by the European Union (RIA2017S-2027) and as a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1205877). Disclaimer: This manuscript reflects only the authors' view and does not necessarily represent the official ...