Suchergebnisse

The creation of Lima's red light district in 1928 marked the culminating achievement of the promoters of regulation who sought to control the spread of venereal disease by medically policing female prostitutes. Its closure in 1956 was arguably the high point of abolitionism, a transnational movement originating in the 1860s that advocated that regulation was not only ineffective from a public health perspective, but also morally wrong. The Sexual Question charts this cyclic process of regulation and abolition in Peru, uncovering the ideas, policies, and actors shaping the debates on prostitution in Lima and beyond. The history of prostitution, Paulo Drinot shows, sheds light on the interplay of gender and sexuality, medicine and public health, and nation-building and state formation in Peru. With its compelling historical lens, this landmark study offers readers an engaging narrative, and new perspectives on Latin American studies, social policy, and Peruvian history.

Introduction / Paulo Drinot -- Point of departure : travel and nationalism in Ernesto Guevara's Argentina / Eduardo Elena -- Beauty and bounty in Che's Chile / Patience A. Schell -- Awaiting the blood of a truly emancipating revolution : Che guevara in 1950s Peru / Paulo Drinot -- "Putting up" with violence : Ernesto Guevara, Guevarismo, and Colombia / Malcolm Deas -- Che Guevara and Venezuela : tourist, guerrilla mentor, and revolutionary spirit / Judith Ewell -- The national revolution and Bolivia in the 1950s : what did Che see? / Ann Zulawski -- "Not in all of America can there be found a country as democratic as this one" : Che and revolution in Guatemala / Cindy Forster -- Between bohemianism and a revolutionary rebirth : Che Guevara in Mexico / Eric Zolov.

Abstract
In this commentary, I consider Mariátegui's globality. I begin by discussing his status as the pre-eminent Latin American Marxist. I then consider the fact that he continues to be ignored or marginalised by scholarship in English on Marxism and the global history of the Left. I note, however, that in recent years, 'global' interest in Mariátegui (i.e. beyond Latin America) has increased. This leads me to a consideration of two types of Mariátegui's globality. First, a globality produced by his growing purchase as an 'epistemologist of the South' which is extending the applicability of his thought beyond Latin America. And second, a globality expressive of his role as a global actor; as someone who (i) sought to experience life globally, (ii) drew on global ideas, or ideas with globalising (or universalising) ambitions, to make sense of his own (local) context, and (iii) operated as an original interpreter of the global.

AbstractUntil recently, historians, including labor historians, tended to view biography as an inferior genre of historical writing. This has started to change, as biography moves away from its narrow focus on "great men." Historians increasingly see it as a way to explore, as Marx famously suggested, how men make their own history albeit not under circumstances of their choosing. This essay examines recent biographies of three of the most important labor leaders in Latin America: Chile's Luis Emilio Recabarren, Mexico's Vícente Lombardo Toledano, and Brazil's Lula. Although they approach the study of the interplay of the personal and the political in different ways, all three studies provide strong evidence that biography has an important role to play in sharpening our understanding of the history of labor.

Abstract
In this article, I draw on two sets of sources to explore how Peruvian doctors tried to make sense of what had driven a man to engage in necrophilia in late 1942. On the one hand, I examine the case history and other related documentation that I located in Lima's psychiatric hospital. On the other, I study a detailed article written on the case by Dr Lucio D. Castro and published in 1943. Together, these sources provide rich evidence on how Peruvian doctors addressed what they framed as an abnormality of the sexual instinct and, in turn, as a mental disorder. But the case also provides a fascinating vista on a major taboo—sex with the dead—and more generally on the history of "perversion" and therefore on the history of sexuality in Peru. I pay particular attention to how doctors mobilized an eclectic "theoretical artillery" of biomedical knowledge in trying to explain the man's psychopathology. I argue that through their "unruly appropriation" of sexological knowledge, doctors like Castro sought to make meaningful contributions to a global sexual science while proposing means to channel sexuality away from deviant forms in a manner consonant with broader projects of sexual regulation that Peru and other countries promoted at the time.

De Castro, Juan E. Bread and Beauty: The Cultural Politics of José Carlos Mariátegui. Historical Materialism Book Series volume 217. Brill, 2021. 256 pp.

A new book tries to explain historical variations in the rise of the state in four Latin American countries. The author's inclination to reduce history to data results in much of the story being left out.