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This article explores an instructive case of translation critique against the background of the rise of Zionism in Europe at the turn of the previous century. It seeks to answer the question: Why did David Frishman, one of the most prolific Hebrew writers and translators of the late 1890s and early 1900s, criticize Vladimir Jabotinsky's Russian translation of Hayim Nahman Bialik's Hebrew poems? Both Bialik and Jabotinsky were major figures in the field of Hebrew culture and Zionist politics in the early 1900s, while Frishman generally shunned partisan activism and consistently presented himself as devoted solely to literature. Frishman perceived literature, nevertheless, as a political arena, viewing translation, in particular, as a locus of ideological debate. Writing from the viewpoint of a political minority at a time in which the Hebrew translation industry in Europe gained momentum, Frishman deemed translation a tool for cementing cultural hierarchies. He anticipated later analyses of the act and products of translation as reflective of intercultural tensions. The article suggests, more specifically, that it was Frishman's view of the Hebrew Bible that informed his "avant-garde" stance on translation.

AbstractThis article reviews the development of Land Settlement in a Jamaican sugar belt area. It traces the evolution of the implementation process during the project's formative years (1980‐81) and the outcome in later years. The article argues that the project's operation and institutional framework was shaped through the inter‐relationship between its administrative‐managerial sub‐systems. Three major characteristics of the administrative‐managerial system were identified: symmetry, latency and adaptation. Symmetry expresses the need for simultaneous implementation of the project's production and infrastructural components; latency exposes the 'politics' behind the implementation process and the conflict over the project's resources and benefits; and adaptation reflects the settlers' response to the slow implementation pace. The weak vertical integration within the administrative‐managerial system and the change of government in Jamaica were the main constraints on the achievement of the project's objectives and the reason for its transformation from co‐operative to village.

An epic journey through Africa by a man who fell in love with a magical and disappearing world and then transformed himself into a warrior on the frontline to protect it. Staging heart-pounding, espionage-style raids, Ofir Drori and his organization, The Last Great Ape (LAGA), have put countless poachers and traffickers of endangered species behind bars, and they have fought back against a Kafkaesque culture of corruption. Before Ofir arrived in Cameroon, no one had ever even tried.The Last Great Ape follows a young Ofir on fantastical adventures as he crosses remote African lands by camel, on

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of short sellers in foreign direct investment (FDI) decisions. Drawing on threat rigidity theory, the authors argue that short sellers pose a threat to chief executive officers (CEOs) by exerting downward pressure to target firms' stock prices. That threat will evoke rigid managerial responses that hinder new FDI activities. The authors also posit that CEOs will be less reactive to short sellers' threats when they are generalist CEOs who have extensive general work experience or when they serve as the board chair.


Design/methodology/approach
The authors collect data from S&P 1,500 firms, and the final sample consists of 717 firms and 6,930 firm-year observations from 1998 to 2016. The authors use an Arellano and Bond generalized method of moments static linear probability panel data model and an instrumental panel count data model to test the hypotheses.


Findings
The findings support the hypotheses and suggest that CEOs who are under more pressure from short sellers engage in fewer new FDI activities. The negative impact of short sellers on FDI decisions is less salient when CEOs have general work experience or are the chairperson of the board.


Originality/value
This study contributes to the international business research by stressing the need to consider the role of short sellers in firm internationalization decisions.