Suchergebnisse

" In diesem Beitrag wird die Beziehung zwischen der regionalen Branchenstruktur und den Veränderungen bei der Beschäftigungsquote im produzierenden Sektor sowie in 19 Subsektoren in den USA im Zeitraum von 1987 bis 1997 untersucht. Mit Hilfe eines nichtkausalen Regressionsrahmens werden die jeweiligen Beziehungen zwischen wirtschaftlicher Vielfalt, Branchenspezialisierung und Wettbewerbsstruktur einerseits und der Wirtschaftsleistung andererseits analysiert. Die vielfältigen Facetten der Branchenstruktur auf regionaler Ebene, einschließlich der Wettbewerbsstruktur, werden gemeinsam berücksichtigt, indem vertrauliche Mikrodaten zur Entwicklung und Bewertung von detaillierten Maßstäben für ein breites Spektrum von geografischen und industriellen Bereichen genutzt werden. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen die Wichtigkeit einer industriellen Wettbewerbsstruktur für das Verständnis von Veränderungen bei der regionalen Beschäftigungsquote, Wirtschaftsleistung und industriellen Entwicklung." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

AbstractThe impacts of agglomeration and local industrial structure are examined through an analysis of establishment‐level productivity. Using micro‐level data, measures of regional industrial specialization, economic diversity, and industrial competitive structure are incorporated together into a production function system estimated cross‐sectionally for three years and three manufacturing industries in the U.S. The findings demonstrate the importance of the influences of regional industrial competitive structure and diversity on performance.

Innovation districts have gained attention as a fast-spreading urban economic development strategy, raising numerous questions. What are their distinguishing attributes? Are they a substantive policy innovation? Are they likely to succeed in fostering innovation and economic dynamism? We propose a definition of innovation districts based on their characteristic features. Given the ambiguity of the term in practice, this is crucial for understanding and analyzing the strategy. We then evaluate innovation districts by applying theories and current understandings of the spatial and economic development aspects of innovation, entrepreneurship, and human capital, illustrating with examples from Boston, Detroit, Saint Louis, and San Diego. We conclude that the combination of components that comprises innovation districts is both new and valuable. Innovation districts present a potential pathway for advancing regional economic development goals via the pathways of innovation and entrepreneurship. We stress the importance of rigorous empirical evaluation and research regarding a variety of practical and strategic concerns.

We identify the factors correlated with the use of economic development incentives after the Great Recession of 2007–2009 to determine the presence of entrepreneurial development regimes. We utilize a unique dataset that combines information on incentives (tax increment financing districts and selected tax abatements and business assistance) with economic, fiscal, and political characteristics for all municipalities in the largest Metropolitan Statistical Areas of Illinois, Wisconsin, and Michigan. These three states bordering Lake Michigan share similar histories and settings, thus targeting the research focus on the key attributes of interest. Our empirical results demonstrate substantial dissimilarity between incentive types and across states, most likely due to policy structures and reforms at the state level that encourage different municipal development regimes. Whereas municipalities, particularly larger ones, continue to use tax abatements, exemptions, and credits to pursue employment growth, the municipalities gravitating toward tax increment financing tend to be suburbs with low unemployment rates and relatively highly educated residents, and not places with greater employment density or manufacturing employment.

AbstractThis study assesses the impacts of local business incentives in the largest urban areas of Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin, three Midwestern states that share similar histories and settings. We assembled a unique dataset combining information on two types of incentives, tax increment financing districts and tax abatements, together with socio‐economic, geographic, fiscal, and spatial competitive characteristics for all of the municipalities in six metropolitan areas. The outcome measures include employment growth, establishment formation, and business relocation. The analysis extends knowledge of the effects of economic development incentives in two ways. First, we improve upon previous research by incorporating key factors in municipal decisions to offer incentives. Second, we add to limited empirical evidence concerning local incentives following the Great Recession. Variation in the use of incentives reflects not only local decision‐making but also differing fiscal capacities and situations of adaptation to adverse economic conditions, with some governments pulling back on incentives and others initiating new approaches to retain or lure businesses.

Foundations -- Welcome to decatur -- Trend projection method -- Share projection methods -- Cohort-component methods -- Economic analysis methods -- Spatial analysis methods -- Land suitability analysis methods -- Using planning support methods -- Appendix A: U.S. census geography -- Appendix B: American community survey -- Appendix C: U.S. data sources -- Glossary -- References -- Index