Suchergebnisse

Mapping is an active and predominant activity in the struggle of indigenous peoples to secure their territories. Through their reappropriation of a tool historically used to inviziblize and dispossess them, indigenous peoples are reaffirming their existence visually on the map to assert their land rights. While such countermapping initiatives are quickly multiplying across the world, a global perspective on indigenous land claims and the major issues of their formal recognition is still lacking. This PhD thesis aims to fill this gap through the establishment of Land- Mark (www.landmarkmap.org), the first global geographic observatory of indigenous territories and of which the author has been an active member from the outset. This approach involves responding to a set of scientific and political challenges as well as a set of related questions : where are the world's indigenous peoples ? What rights are they claiming ? Over what spaces ? How and to what extent have the transnational movement of which they are part achieved local recognition of their land rights ? What issues are raised by their new use of maps and the aggregation of their data into a centralized global database ?This thesis will also take stock of the data collected on LandMark and it will analyze their contributions to monitoring the implementation of international rights of indigenous peoples towards better understanding of ongoing dynamics within their territories. It will assess LandMark's capacity to offer scientific support to the political claims of these peoples, and more particularly by highlighting the ecosystem services provided by their territories and by preventing land grabs. ; L'usage de la cartographie est aujourd'hui prépondérant dans les luttes autochtones pour la sécurisation de leurs territoires. Par leur réappropriation d'un outil qui a de tous temps participé à les invisibiliser et à les déposséder, les peuples autochtones réaffirment leur présence sur la mappemonde et font valoir leurs droits fonciers. Si ces initiatives de contre-cartographies se multiplient rapidement, une perspective globale sur l'ampleur des revendications territoriales autochtones et les enjeux considérables que soulève leur reconnaissance fait encore défaut. Cette thèse vise à pallier ce manque par la mise en place de LandMark (www.landmarkmap.org), premier observatoire géographique global des territoires autochtones, dont l'auteur est un des membres fondateurs. Cette démarche implique de répondre à un ensemble de défis scientifiques et politiques ainsi qu'à un ensemble de questions connexes : où sont les peuples autochtones du monde ? Quels droits revendiquent-ils ? Sur quels espaces ? Comment et dans quelle mesure leur mouvement transnational est-il parvenu à une reconnaissance locale de leurs territoires ? Quels enjeux soulèvent leurs nouveaux usages des cartes et l'agrégation de ces dernières en une base de données globale centralisée ? Cette thèse fera également le point sur les données actuellement recueillies sur LandMark et analysera leurs contributions au suivi de la mise en œuvre du droit international des peuples autochtones ainsi qu'à une meilleure compréhension des dynamiques en cours au sein de leurs territoires. Elle évaluera également les capacités de LandMark à offrir un appui scientifique aux revendications politiques autochtones, notamment par la mise en valeur des services écosystémiques rendus par leurs territoires et par la prévention de l'accaparement de leurs ressources.

Mapping is an active and predominant activity in the struggle of indigenous peoples to secure their territories. Through their reappropriation of a tool historically used to inviziblize and dispossess them, indigenous peoples are reaffirming their existence visually on the map to assert their land rights. While such countermapping initiatives are quickly multiplying across the world, a global perspective on indigenous land claims and the major issues of their formal recognition is still lacking. This PhD thesis aims to fill this gap through the establishment of Land- Mark (www.landmarkmap.org), the first global geographic observatory of indigenous territories and of which the author has been an active member from the outset. This approach involves responding to a set of scientific and political challenges as well as a set of related questions : where are the world's indigenous peoples ? What rights are they claiming ? Over what spaces ? How and to what extent have the transnational movement of which they are part achieved local recognition of their land rights ? What issues are raised by their new use of maps and the aggregation of their data into a centralized global database ?This thesis will also take stock of the data collected on LandMark and it will analyze their contributions to monitoring the implementation of international rights of indigenous peoples towards better understanding of ongoing dynamics within their territories. It will assess LandMark's capacity to offer scientific support to the political claims of these peoples, and more particularly by highlighting the ecosystem services provided by their territories and by preventing land grabs. ; L'usage de la cartographie est aujourd'hui prépondérant dans les luttes autochtones pour la sécurisation de leurs territoires. Par leur réappropriation d'un outil qui a de tous temps participé à les invisibiliser et à les déposséder, les peuples autochtones réaffirment leur présence sur la mappemonde et font valoir leurs droits fonciers. Si ces initiatives de ...

This document is a draft. It aims at providing a basis for discussion between the different organizations and indigenous land and resources rights experts involved in the wider project of building a world atlas of indigenous territories. ; This working paper describes the process of establishing a global categorization of indigenous land and resources rights. From the analysis of a great variability of legislations regarding indigenous territories, common considered topics are identified, such as land security or the degree of indigenous control over development programs impacting their territories. Using them as analysis axes of the different laws, different classes of land and resources rights are identified, allowing a standardization of the description of the diversity of territorial rights benefiting indigenous peoples around the world.

This document is a draft. It aims at providing a basis for discussion between the different organizations and indigenous land and resources rights experts involved in the wider project of building a world atlas of indigenous territories. ; This working paper describes the process of establishing a global categorization of indigenous land and resources rights. From the analysis of a great variability of legislations regarding indigenous territories, common considered topics are identified, such as land security or the degree of indigenous control over development programs impacting their territories. Using them as analysis axes of the different laws, different classes of land and resources rights are identified, allowing a standardization of the description of the diversity of territorial rights benefiting indigenous peoples around the world.