In order to promote economic and social progress European Union (EU) developed cohesion policy in both national and supranational levels. The developments are examined under three headings: growth, cohesion and the budget. More specifically attention is paid to the single market aims removing border controls for goods, services and capital, and policies influencing the growth. The European Union competition, trade and research and technological development policies developments are explored in terms of growth. Reducing income disparities among Member States is matter of priority in the enlarged European Union. Cohesion policy can become an effective tool of economic convergence if it is accompanied by a set of financial and non-financial elements such as labour market situation, investment opportunities, etc, which are the results of national policies.
General innovation performance of the EU is improving, yet progress is too slow and performance gaps still remain wide within European Union. Therefore, there is a growing interest in circumstances which influence this situation. In their previous research, the authors of this paper have already proved that cultural diversity affect the innovative capacity of societies, hence the goal of thisstudy was to explore how important, in the context of other determinants of firms' innovative performance, are socio-cultural determinants. The results revealed that they are less relevant than technological and economic determinants but affirmed to be more significant than political, legal and ecological ones. In order to reach the conclusions, a review of scientific literature, comparative judgement of EU performance and correlation analysis were used.
The economic and social cohesion is one of the economic objectives of the European Union. It is, therefore, important to analyse the impact of policies of the European Union on cohesion. The establishment of the common market still did not offer a solution for economic problems faced by the Member States. The economic and social cohesion is very important to strengthen the political and economic development of the Member States. This article includes the analysis of Lithuanian economic environment compared with the other Member States and the impact of EU structural funds on economic growth of the country. The detailed analysis of the correlation between funding and economic and social indicators of Lithuania showed that there is the significant direct relationship between the funding and the direct foreign investments per inhabitant. The significant correlation between EU support and other economic and social indicators was not found. Nevertheless the EU funding is undoubtedly useful and necessary to promote the economic growth. The efficiency of the use of EU funds is the largest problem and the task achieving the maximum benefit for the economics of Lithuania.
The economic and social cohesion is one of the economic objectives of the European Union. It is, therefore, important to analyse the impact of policies of the European Union on cohesion. The establishment of the common market still did not offer a solution for economic problems faced by the Member States. The economic and social cohesion is very important to strengthen the political and economic development of the Member States. This article includes the analysis of Lithuanian economic environment compared with the other Member States and the impact of EU structural funds on economic growth of the country. The detailed analysis of the correlation between funding and economic and social indicators of Lithuania showed that there is the significant direct relationship between the funding and the direct foreign investments per inhabitant. The significant correlation between EU support and other economic and social indicators was not found. Nevertheless the EU funding is undoubtedly useful and necessary to promote the economic growth. The efficiency of the use of EU funds is the largest problem and the task achieving the maximum benefit for the economics of Lithuania.
The economic and social cohesion is one of the economic objectives of the European Union. It is, therefore, important to analyse the impact of policies of the European Union on cohesion. The establishment of the common market still did not offer a solution for economic problems faced by the Member States. The economic and social cohesion is very important to strengthen the political and economic development of the Member States. This article includes the analysis of Lithuanian economic environment compared with the other Member States and the impact of EU structural funds on economic growth of the country. The detailed analysis of the correlation between funding and economic and social indicators of Lithuania showed that there is the significant direct relationship between the funding and the direct foreign investments per inhabitant. The significant correlation between EU support and other economic and social indicators was not found. Nevertheless the EU funding is undoubtedly useful and necessary to promote the economic growth. The efficiency of the use of EU funds is the largest problem and the task achieving the maximum benefit for the economics of Lithuania.
The economic and social cohesion is one of the economic objectives of the European Union. It is, therefore, important to analyse the impact of policies of the European Union on cohesion. The establishment of the common market still did not offer a solution for economic problems faced by the Member States. The economic and social cohesion is very important to strengthen the political and economic development of the Member States. This article includes the analysis of Lithuanian economic environment compared with the other Member States and the impact of EU structural funds on economic growth of the country. The detailed analysis of the correlation between funding and economic and social indicators of Lithuania showed that there is the significant direct relationship between the funding and the direct foreign investments per inhabitant. The significant correlation between EU support and other economic and social indicators was not found. Nevertheless the EU funding is undoubtedly useful and necessary to promote the economic growth. The efficiency of the use of EU funds is the largest problem and the task achieving the maximum benefit for the economics of Lithuania.
The economic and social cohesion is one of the economic objectives of the European Union. It is, therefore, important to analyse the impact of policies of the European Union on cohesion. The establishment of the common market still did not offer a solution for economic problems faced by the Member States. The economic and social cohesion is very important to strengthen the political and economic development of the Member States. This article includes the analysis of Lithuanian economic environment compared with the other Member States and the impact of EU structural funds on economic growth of the country. The detailed analysis of the correlation between funding and economic and social indicators of Lithuania showed that there is the significant direct relationship between the funding and the direct foreign investments per inhabitant. The significant correlation between EU support and other economic and social indicators was not found. Nevertheless the EU funding is undoubtedly useful and necessary to promote the economic growth. The efficiency of the use of EU funds is the largest problem and the task achieving the maximum benefit for the economics of Lithuania.
The economic and social cohesion is one of the economic objectives of the European Union. It is, therefore, important to analyse the impact of policies of the European Union on cohesion. The establishment of the common market still did not offer a solution for economic problems faced by the Member States. The economic and social cohesion is very important to strengthen the political and economic development of the Member States. This article includes the analysis of Lithuanian economic environment compared with the other Member States and the impact of EU structural funds on economic growth of the country. The detailed analysis of the correlation between funding and economic and social indicators of Lithuania showed that there is the significant direct relationship between the funding and the direct foreign investments per inhabitant. The significant correlation between EU support and other economic and social indicators was not found. Nevertheless the EU funding is undoubtedly useful and necessary to promote the economic growth. The efficiency of the use of EU funds is the largest problem and the task achieving the maximum benefit for the economics of Lithuania.
Research background: Seeking to ensure competitiveness in the global market, the EU is con-stantly improving its innovation policy. Compared to other EU initiatives, the Framework Pro-grams for Research and Innovation (FPs) act as the main instrument with the longest history and the largest budget to boost member states' innovation performance. Despite the initial presump-tions that these financial inflows should bring positive and constructive effects, the results signifi-cantly diverge across the countries with highly uneven and incoherent progress. Therefore, com-plex and reliable tools must be adopted to evaluate the long-term influence of EU investment and the reasons which distort the innovation performance in separate member states. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to evaluate the influence of EU investment on its member states' innovation performance by using a redeveloped national innovative capaci-ty framework and including technological, non-technological and commercial innovative output. Methods: Panel unit root tests were used to assess the time series stationarity. Autoregressive distributed lag models helped in calculating the long-term influence of EU investment on member states' innovation performance. Finally, by employing dummies, it was analysed how this influ- ence varied over time and across different countries. Findings & value added: The findings provide evidence that EU investment exerts positive long- term influence on the technological innovative output proxied as total, business and higher educa- tion institutions' patent applications, as well as product and process innovations. The effects were also positive on trademarks and marketing, and organisational innovations. However, small but negative influence was found in the case of patent applications by the government sector and the exports of hi-tech products and knowledge-intensive services. These insights may serve in the designing process of the specific instruments and the future innovation policies, which would bring the maximum benefit for the society and economy.
This paper aims to redevelop the national innovative capacity framework and specify the influence of its' elements on shaping the innovation performance of the EU nations. The objects of the empirical research are the EU member states for the period of 2000–2018. The collected data is employed in a multivariate Granger causality analysis that illustrates the causal links between the analyzed indicators and considers their dynamics. The results demonstrate that countries seeking to increase the levels of innovative outputs should mostly focus on scientific excellence and inter‐ national economic activities. A redevelopment of the framework also helped discover that gender equality and corruption have causal links with all forms of the investigated innovation indicators— technological, non‐technological, and commercial ones. The outcomes of this study highlight the most critical areas where EU member states could focus to improve their national innovation per‐ formance and may assist policymakers in the designing process of future innovation policies.
Research background: Seeking to ensure competitiveness in the global market, the EU is constantly improving its innovation policy. Compared to other EU initiatives, the Framework Programs for Research and Innovation (FPs) act as the main instrument with the longest history and the largest budget to boost member states' innovation performance. Despite the initial presumptions that these financial inflows should bring positive and constructive effects, the results significantly diverge across the countries with highly uneven and incoherent progress. Therefore, complex and reliable tools must be adopted to evaluate the long-term influence of EU investment and the reasons which distort the innovation performance in separate member states. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to evaluate the influence of EU investment on its member states' innovation performance by using a redeveloped national innovative capacity framework and including technological, non-technological and commercial innovative output. Methods: Panel unit root tests were used to assess the time series stationarity. Autoregressive distributed lag models helped in calculating the long-term influence of EU investment on member states' innovation performance. Finally, by employing dummies, it was analysed how this influence varied over time and across different countries. Findings & value added: The findings provide evidence that EU investment exerts positive long-term influence on the technological innovative output proxied as total, business and higher education institutions' patent applications as well as product and process innovations. The effects were also positive on trademarks and marketing, and organisational innovations. However, small but negative influence was found in the case of patent applications by the government sector and the exports of hi-tech products and knowledge-intensive services. These insights may serve in the designing process of the specific instruments and the future innovation policies, which would bring the maximum benefit for the society and economy.
Research background: Seeking to ensure competitiveness in the global market, the EU is con-stantly improving its innovation policy. Compared to other EU initiatives, the Framework Pro-grams for Research and Innovation (FPs) act as the main instrument with the longest history and the largest budget to boost member states' innovation performance. Despite the initial presump-tions that these financial inflows should bring positive and constructive effects, the results signifi-cantly diverge across the countries with highly uneven and incoherent progress. Therefore, com-plex and reliable tools must be adopted to evaluate the long-term influence of EU investment and the reasons which distort the innovation performance in separate member states. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to evaluate the influence of EU investment on its member states' innovation performance by using a redeveloped national innovative capaci-ty framework and including technological, non-technological and commercial innovative output. Methods: Panel unit root tests were used to assess the time series stationarity. Autoregressive distributed lag models helped in calculating the long-term influence of EU investment on member states' innovation performance. Finally, by employing dummies, it was analysed how this influ- ence varied over time and across different countries. Findings & value added: The findings provide evidence that EU investment exerts positive long- term influence on the technological innovative output proxied as total, business and higher educa- tion institutions' patent applications, as well as product and process innovations. The effects were also positive on trademarks and marketing, and organisational innovations. However, small but negative influence was found in the case of patent applications by the government sector and the exports of hi-tech products and knowledge-intensive services. These insights may serve in the designing process of the specific instruments and the future innovation policies, which would bring the maximum benefit for the society and economy.
Research background: Seeking to ensure competitiveness in the global market, the EU is con-stantly improving its innovation policy. Compared to other EU initiatives, the Framework Pro-grams for Research and Innovation (FPs) act as the main instrument with the longest history and the largest budget to boost member states' innovation performance. Despite the initial presump-tions that these financial inflows should bring positive and constructive effects, the results signifi-cantly diverge across the countries with highly uneven and incoherent progress. Therefore, com-plex and reliable tools must be adopted to evaluate the long-term influence of EU investment and the reasons which distort the innovation performance in separate member states. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to evaluate the influence of EU investment on its member states' innovation performance by using a redeveloped national innovative capaci-ty framework and including technological, non-technological and commercial innovative output. Methods: Panel unit root tests were used to assess the time series stationarity. Autoregressive distributed lag models helped in calculating the long-term influence of EU investment on member states' innovation performance. Finally, by employing dummies, it was analysed how this influ- ence varied over time and across different countries. Findings & value added: The findings provide evidence that EU investment exerts positive long- term influence on the technological innovative output proxied as total, business and higher educa- tion institutions' patent applications, as well as product and process innovations. The effects were also positive on trademarks and marketing, and organisational innovations. However, small but negative influence was found in the case of patent applications by the government sector and the exports of hi-tech products and knowledge-intensive services. These insights may serve in the designing process of the specific instruments and the future innovation policies, which would bring the maximum benefit for the society and economy.
This paper aims to redevelop the national innovative capacity framework and specify the influence of its' elements on shaping the innovation performance of the EU nations. The objects of the empirical research are the EU member states for the period of 2000-2018. The collected data is employed in a multivariate Granger causality analysis that illustrates the causal links between the analyzed indicators and considers their dynamics. The results demonstrate that countries seeking to increase the levels of innovative outputs should mostly focus on scientific excellence and international economic activities. A redevelopment of the framework also helped discover that gender equality and corruption have causal links with all forms of the investigated innovation indicators-technological, non-technological, and commercial ones. The outcomes of this study highlight the most critical areas where EU member states could focus to improve their national innovation performance and may assist policymakers in the designing process of future innovation policies.
Research background: Seeking to ensure competitiveness in the global market, the EU is constantly improving its innovation policy. Compared to other EU initiatives, the Framework Programs for Research and Innovation (FPs) act as the main instrument with the longest history and the largest budget to boost member states' innovation performance. Despite the initial presumptions that these financial inflows should bring positive and constructive effects, the results significantly diverge across the countries with highly uneven and incoherent progress. Therefore, complex and reliable tools must be adopted to evaluate the long-term influence of EU investment and the reasons which distort the innovation performance in separate member states. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to evaluate the influence of EU investment on its member states' innovation performance by using a redeveloped national innovative capacity framework and including technological, non-technological and commercial innovative output. Methods: Panel unit root tests were used to assess the time series stationarity. Autoregressive distributed lag models helped in calculating the long-term influence of EU investment on member states' innovation performance. Finally, by employing dummies, it was analysed how this influence varied over time and across different countries. Findings & value added: The findings provide evidence that EU investment exerts positive long-term influence on the technological innovative output proxied as total, business and higher education institutions' patent applications as well as product and process innovations. The effects were also positive on trademarks and marketing, and organisational innovations. However, small but negative influence was found in the case of patent applications by the government sector and the exports of hi-tech products and knowledge-intensive services. These insights may serve in the designing process of the specific instruments and the future innovation policies, which would bring the maximum benefit for the society and economy.
