Thinking about LanguageOrigins of Human Communication. By Michael Tomasello. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2008
In: Current anthropology, Band 50, Heft 4, S. 576-577
ISSN: 1537-5382
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In: Current anthropology, Band 50, Heft 4, S. 576-577
ISSN: 1537-5382
In: Journal of biosocial science: JBS, Band 32, Heft 3, S. 421-432
ISSN: 1469-7599
"For as long as history has been with us, religion has been a feature of human life. There is no known culture for which we have an ethnographic or an archaeological record that does not have some form of religion. Even in the secular societies that have become more common in the past few centuries, there are people who consider themselves religious and aspire to practise the rituals of their religion. These religions vary in form, style and size from small cults numbering a few hundred people centred around a charismatic leader to worldwide organizations numbering tens, or even hundreds, of millions of adherents with representations in every country. Some, like Buddhism, take an individualistic stance (your salvation is entirely in your own hands), some like the older Abrahamic religions view salvation as more of a collective activity through the performance of appropriate rituals, and a few (Judaism is one) have no formal concept of an afterlife. Some like Christianity and Islam believe in a single all- powerful God
In: Journal of relationships research, Band 4
ISSN: 1838-0956
For the majority of people, two key non-kin figures form part of the central support clique that resides at the centre of their social network. These are the best friend and the romantic partner, and both play distinct roles which are of benefit to the individual concerned. However, while the romantic partner will always have been chosen in the context of the mating market, we do not know whether the selection of a best friend occurs within a similar market of competition and assessment. This study used real self-rated attribute data for participants and their best friends and romantic partners to explore: (1) whether best friendships operate within a mating market; (2) whether, once established, they show evidence for positive illusion, projection or competition; and (3) whether assortative mating is present. Further, we considered whether the sex of the best friend relative to the participant influences these results. We found that same-sex best friends have an acknowledged role linked to social connectedness and behaviour, that for same-sex best friends both male and female participants show evidence for homophily or projection rather than mate competition, that neither male nor female participants appear to view cross-sex best friends as potential mates, and that the evidence for 'assortative mating' is stronger within best friendships than romantic partnerships regardless of best friend sex. Our results imply that despite a culture of commitment and monogamy, male participants display behaviours within their romantic partnerships which suggest they are still active within the mating market. In contrast, for both sexes the best friendship is unaffected by the mating market and the stability and contentment that characterises best friendships is underpinned by a degree of similarity stronger than that within the romantic partnership.
In: Critical review: an interdisciplinary journal of politics and society, Band 11, Heft 2, S. 233-250
ISSN: 0891-3811
In: Man: the journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Band 28, Heft 2, S. 372
In: Sciences humaines: SH, Band 359, Heft 6, S. 34-35
In: The journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, Band 5, Heft 4, S. 650
ISSN: 1467-9655
In: The journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, Band 2, Heft 3, S. 551
ISSN: 1467-9655
In: Current anthropology, Band 53, Heft 6, S. 693-722
ISSN: 1537-5382
In: Man: the journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Band 29, Heft 2, S. 475